People infected with parasitic worms - worms (helminths) very often. Diseases that arise in this, in some cases are asymptomatic, while others - lead to lung damage, liver, eyes, blood vessels. Tablets of the worms are selected depending on the kind of helminth, and its habitat in the human body.
Mebendazole (Vermoxum)
This drug is used in many helminth infections are caused by roundworms. It is particularly effective when enterobioze, ascariasis and trihotsefaleze. Mebendazole has a devastating effect on the eggs of Ascaris, hookworms and whipworms. In high doses it can be used for extra-intestinal helminths (trichinosis and echinococcosis).
Vermoxum reduces the absorption of glucose parasites and paralyzes them. Drug is poorly absorbed from the intestines and accumulated in the liver, adipose tissue and helminth larvae.
The drug should not be used during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. It is also contraindicated in children under the age of two years, when expressed violations of the liver and are hypersensitive to the drug.
Mebendazole has a number of side effects that occur in rare cases, long-term use of the drug in high doses. Depending on the organ systems, they are divided into several groups:
- From the nervous system: dizziness and headaches;
- From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea and abdominal pain, may be even less vomiting and diarrhea;
- From the side of blood: anemia and leukopenia (reduction in the number of red and white blood cells);
- Allergic reactions;
- Hair loss.
Within days after the drug can not drink alcohol. Diabetic patients mebendazole reduces the need for insulin
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.
Albendazole (zentel)
It has a broad spectrum anthelmintic action, effective in treating diseases that are caused by intracolonic roundworms and when ehonokokkoze and cysticercosis. Albendazole contributes to the death of the eggs of Ascaris, hookworms and whipworms.
The drug blocks the glucose uptake by parasites, and this leads to paralysis and death. Albendazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, then gets into the liver, bile, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and cysts helminths. Most of the metabolic products of drugs excreted through the intestine with bile, and only a small amount excreted in the urine.
If the drug is taken from one to three days, the side effects are rare. There may be headache, dizziness, insomnia, and diarrhea. Chronic administration (eg, for three months at echinococcosis) treatment of complications will be more serious. There are hair loss, leukopenia (decrease in white blood cell), abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea.
There are no contraindications for the treatment of albendazole. These include:
- Pregnancy and infant feeding
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breast;
- The pathology of the retina;
- Individual intolerance to the drug.
Pyrantel
The drug is used to treat enterobiasis, ascariasis, necatoriasis, hookworm and trichuriasis. Side effects are rare, and pyrantel pass quickly after treatment is discontinued. May decrease appetite, cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains. Sometimes a person may suffer from headaches, dizziness, drowsiness or insomnia, weakness. In rare cases, body temperature rises, a rash appears on the skin.
Pyrantel is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to it, for children up to three years and during the treatment of myasthenia gravis. With extreme caution this drug is used during pregnancy and renal failure.
Levamisole
This tool is used in ascariasis. The drug is also used to treat strongyloidiasis, necatoriasis, trihostrongiloidoza and hookworm disease, but these diseases Levamisole is less effective. Levamisole has immunomodulatory properties, ie, it stimulates the immune system.
The drug should not be used during agranulocytosis - a decrease in the blood levels of granulocytes (a type of white blood cell). Individual intolerance of levamisole as a contraindication to its use.
In medium doses, the drug does not cause adverse effects. But if it is applied in some people there:
- Sleep disorders
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, Depression;
- Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea or constipation, stomatitis;
- Skin rash, dermatitis;
- Disturbances of smell and taste;
- Pain in muscles and joints;
- Fever and weakness.
Levamisole people with kidney and liver should be used with caution. It is not recommended to drink alcohol during treatment, these anthelmintics.
Praziquantel (biltricid)
The tool is used to treat schistosomiasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, teniasis, teniarinhoza and diphyllobothriasis. Praziquantel at low doses increases muscle activity in the worms, which then gives way to a reduction of their muscles and paralysis. At higher doses, the drug damages the outer covering of worms.
The drug is contraindicated during cysticercosis eye and liver during the first trimester of pregnancy and lactation, liver failure. The drug is not used in children up to four years and in case of hypersensitivity to it.
While taking praziquantel sometimes have pain in the abdomen
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, Nausea, vomiting, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, and muscle pain. Rarely develop allergic reactions that manifest on the skin rash and fever.
Each of anthelmintics active against certain parasitic worms. Therefore, before starting treatment to accurately determine the causative agent. The dosage and duration of drugs to be calculated by your doctor.