The diagnosis of "infertility" hear about 15% of married couples in Russia. As acknowledged by the World Health Organization, it is considered infertile marriage in which pregnancy does not occur within one year of regular sexual intercourse without contraception.
Causes of infertility
Unfortunately, for many couples the way for the long-awaited birth of a child can be very long. One of the most common causes of female infertility - is the damage or obstruction of the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm from meeting the egg and subsequent transport already fertilized egg in the uterus. In addition, this may also lead dysfunction of the fallopian tubes as a result of the transferred inflammatory diseases or disorders production of sex hormones.
Another major reason is the violation of the menstrual cycle and oocyte maturation. If a woman has irregular menstrual bleeding or a lack of them, that is a reason for the survey. Ovulatory failure
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often associated with hormonal imbalances. Fortunately, it is not difficult to diagnose, and treatment is simple and quite effective.
The next factor - the different lesions of the uterus, resulting in impaired physiological process of implantation of the embryo or engraftment. These lesions of the uterus include: uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, adhesions in the uterus, congenital deformities, and sometimes the complete absence of genitals.
Moreover, may affect the ability to conceive of cervical mucus changes (generated in the cervix) and endometriosis.
Separately, it should be noted the value of a woman's age. This is especially true now, when there was a change in the reproductive behavior of women. Modern first lady trying to make a career, to secure a stable social situation, and then to have a baby. But it should not be forgotten that after 35 years of women's fertility (ability to conceive) begins to fall sharply, the chances of pregnancy in 2 times lower than 20 years and for 40 years the probability of spontaneous pregnancy is only 10% compared to the age of twenty .
The factor about which also can not be forgotten, especially young ladies who are fond of different diets, this weight. Significant deviations from the normal body weight, whether overweight or lack of body weight as a result of dramatic weight loss can lead to reduced fertility and sterility, and sometimes in both women and men. According to one study, 12% of primary infertility associated with impaired weight.
Thus, a woman's fertility can be affected by various factors, such as sexually transmitted diseases by stress
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, Sexual dysfunction, and some common diseases.
Infertility - not only the female factor
Historically, infertility previously considered exclusively a female problem. However, to date, 30% of couples infertility is related to abnormalities in a woman's body, while the other 30% - in the male body. More 30% of couples the cause of infertility - a combination of violations of both partners. In 10% of cases it is not possible to determine the cause of infertility. Male infertility can be caused by various diseases, which ultimately lead to poor sperm quality, up to the total absence of sperm and ejaculation disorders.
Infertility Treatment
But even if you've heard the diagnosis of "infertility", do not despair! Modern medicine is now offering a variety of methods to conceive. The main thing is not to lose time and time to see a specialist.
When a couple goes to a clinic specializing in the treatment of infertility
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It begins inspection, identification of the causes of infertility. Initial evaluation must necessarily provide answers to three main questions:
- Does a woman's ovulation and how regularly?
- Can the male sperm to fertilize?
- Whether the fallopian tube patency
Fallopian tubes: an important part of the reproductive system
women? Are there any other anatomical obstacles to the passage of sperm to the egg and fertilize?
A survey carried out at the same time the couple. Only after eliminating disease in men diagnosed with infertility in women.
If the initial examination did not reveal the cause of infertility, it may need additional tests and diagnostic procedures. Sometimes the traditional set of diagnostic tests both partners fail to diagnose. Then resorted to additional inspections, such as transvaginal ultrasound, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, a biopsy of the endometrium, immunoassay
Considering the data history and examination of both spouses can be assigned consultation and treatment not only in gynecology, andrology, Reproduction, and other specialists (endocrinologist, neurologist, physician, therapist).
According to a survey of elected treatment for the couple:
- drug correction of hormonal and immunological disorders;
- surgery;
- a combination of surgical and medical methods;
- the use of assisted reproductive technology (intrauterine insemination with sperm of husband or donor, in vitro fertilization followed by embryo transfer into the uterus).
And hormones, and endoscopic techniques, and IVF - a modern high-treatments for infertility, which are links of one chain with the ultimate goal - the restoration of reproductive capacity.
IVF involves several steps
- Ovarian stimulation. During a menstrual cycle a woman matures one egg. Getting multiple eggs increases the chances of success of IVF.
- Getting through the egg follicle puncture. The puncture is performed through the vagina under ultrasound control.
- Fertilization sperm in a special medium.
- The cultivation of embryos in a special environment.
- Embryo transfer into the uterine cavity.
To increase the chances of success of IVF transfer 2-3 embryos into the uterine cavity.
IVF success depends on many factors: the ovarian response to stimulation, produce "quality" capable of fertilization of eggs, the ability of sperm penetrate the egg, of the resulting embryo readiness of the endometrium to accept the embryo attachment (implantation) to the uterus and further development embryo.
To date, the overall efficiency of infertility treatment is over 50%.
The use of modern techniques allows for 2-3 months of the survey to determine the cause in 99, 6% of married couples and for 12-15 months to restore fertility in 70% of couples.
But despite the possibility of medicine, the main thing - it does not miss the chance to become parents, and in time to see a doctor.
Tatiana Andreeva
