A lot of doubt is the need of certain vaccinations. That's because there are contraindications to vaccination, which can lead to serious consequences.

Contraindications vaccination ADSM

The vaccine that protects against tetanus and diphtheria, can not be done for pregnant women, and people with severe allergies or intolerance to the components of the vaccine. Other contraindications tetanus Vaccination against tetanus - the struggle with a terrible infection   - Acute adenoviral infection, influenza, and other diseases in the acute phase. In such cases, vaccination is recommended to not earlier than two weeks after recovery. Vaccination during illness shall be permitted only under certain circumstances, for example if it is known that the patient is in contact with a patient with diphtheria.

Contraindications vaccinated against hepatitis A

Vaccination against hepatitis A is strictly contraindicated in patients with allergies to vaccine components. Be sure to tell your doctor if you have ever had a severe allergic reaction to any substance, including - to latex. It is to note that in all of the hepatitis A vaccine containing alum, and the composition of some of them also include 2-phenoxyethanol. Patients with moderate to severe colds or influenza vaccination should wait until they are cured. In milder forms of disease vaccination is usually allowed to do, but each patient must first consult with a physician.

Before vaccination of pregnant women must report their position doctor. Although the likelihood that the vaccine will cause any harm to the mother and the fetus is very small, the physician must weigh the benefits and risks associated with vaccination.

Contraindications vaccinated against hepatitis B

Vaccination against hepatitis B can not be done in patients with severe allergy to yeast and other substances that are included in the vaccine. If the first vaccination has caused a severe allergic reaction, the patient in no case be more time to administer the vaccine. Vaccination is not recommended to do at some acute illness, although there may be an exception.

Also, people do not donate blood for at least 28 days after vaccination. This is due to the fact that in interpreting the results of a blood test, which is compulsory to all donors make a vaccine in the blood (which is not dangerous for those who are transfused donor blood) may be mistaken for infectious hepatitis Hepatitis B - a dangerous inflammation of the liver . If you give blood after 2-3 months after vaccination, you should tell your doctor that you have recently made a vaccination against hepatitis B.

Contraindications flu shots

Introduction influenza vaccine containing inactive virus is contraindicated in the following cases:

• The patient had severe, life-threatening allergic reaction to certain substances, such as egg. Vaccinations are also contraindicated in those who have previously had a negative reaction to a flu shot;
• The man had ever been diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome - an autoimmune disorder that causes paralysis, low blood pressure, muscle weakness, and so on;
• The patient complains of discomfort. If a person has a fever, weakness, headache, fever and so on, it is necessary to find out the cause of these symptoms, cure, and only then make the vaccine.

Contraindications to vaccination against influenza, containing live, attenuated virus, almost the same as a vaccine with a dead virus, but there are additional restrictions. Doing so may be vaccinated no earlier than four weeks after the patient entered the vaccine from any other disease.

Pregnant women, people with weakened immune systems, with certain chronic medical conditions, children with asthma, children and adolescents, who for a long time taking aspirin, patients younger than two years old and over 49 years, as well as those who care for people with a very weak immunity, it is recommended to use the 'live' flu vaccine in the form of an injectable solution, not a nasal spray.

Contraindications immunized against measles, rubella and mumps

To prevent measles, mumps (mumps) and Rubella vaccine is used alone to indicate which is often used acronym for MMR, and in Russian - the CCP. Main contraindications vaccinated against rubella Vaccination against rubella - can not be ignored :

• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylactic shock) to neomycin and / or other ingredients of the vaccine;
• Pregnancy;
• Severe immune deficiency caused by disease or therapy.

Contraindications immunized against measles Vaccination against measles - will protect your baby from serious childhood infection   adults and children alike - of course, except for the pregnancy.

Nursing women PDAs vaccination is not contraindicated.

The doctor may refuse to vaccinate a patient who currently have any acute illness, and whose personal history there is such a violation, thrombocytopenia - a condition in which the level of platelets in the blood below normal.

Doctors also recommend to take special care when vaccination of patients with asthma, eczema, rhinitis, those who have recently received antibiotics or steroids, and people allergic to eggs.

Prior to vaccination your doctor should know if the patient is HIV positive or has AIDS if he has cancer, if he is undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, if less than four weeks ago, he did any other vaccinations.

Lymph nodes behind the ear infections and protect against cancer development processes ENT organs. Their increase is most often a sign that in these organs has an obvious or hidden inflammation. Some ENT diseases goes unnoticed because of the fact that lymph nodes contain the spread of infection.

The increase in the lymph nodes behind the ear

Lymph nodes behind the ear (BTE lymph nodes) - a small white and pink bean-shaped formation. Behind the ear is usually from 1 to 4 nodes, which are normally not palpable. Lymph node behind the ear performs drainage (cleanses the body from any foreign matter) and defensive (in which the immune cells that fight off infection and atypical tumor cells and antibodies to infectious agents) function is involved in metabolic processes Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things   (lymph carries many enzymes and nutrients to the cells).

The reason for increasing the BTE lymph nodes may or inflammation (usually), or some kind of cancer (much less likely).

Inflammation of the lymph nodes behind the ear

BTE lymph nodes may increase if the bear an increased load in the form of delays and destruction of pathogens or tumor cells. In this case, they can be felt as a dense painful nodules of varying size. The infection control in this area typically participate and organs such as the tonsils, adenoids, thymus - they can also be increased.

BTE lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes behind the ear) may develop in diseases of the ear (external and otitis media, labyrinthitis), throat (angina, exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis Chronic tonsillitis - inflammation of the tonsils , Pharyngitis, laryngitis), caries More about caries - take care of your teeth until it's too late   and inflammation of periodontal tissue (gingivitis, periodontitis), inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth (stomatitis). Lymph nodes behind the ear of the child often inflamed when otitis media, complicating acute respiratory viral infection.

The inflammatory process may be of a non-specific and specific. For example, lymphadenitis caused by staphylococcus, E. coli, streptococci and some other infectious agents known as non-specific, because the inflammatory process at the same time does not have any distinguishing features. Specific called BTE lymphadenitis caused by, for example, agents of tuberculosis or syphilis are specific to the disease manifestations. BTE lymphadenitis can be acute or chronic.

Signs of acute lymphadenitis BTE are the increase in the volume of lymph nodes, pain, redness and swelling above it skin and subcutaneous tissue. Lymph nodes behind the ear at the same time remain flexible and are not soldered to surrounding tissues. BTE Acute lymphadenitis can occur in different forms: catarrhal (without pus), hemorrhagic (with bloody contents) and purulent.

BTE catarrhal lymphadenitis appears as a small increase in morbidity and lymph nodes, the skin over them is usually not changed. When purulent lymphadenitis BTE join the phenomenon of intoxication: there is a fever, high fever, malaise, headache, sharp pain behind the ear, the skin over lymph node swells and reddens, he lymph node Lymph nodes - what keeps our immune system   increases to the size of a hazelnut, and more sharply becomes painful. Danger BTE lymphadenitis in the spread of infection to the tissue of the brain and the eye area.

Improper inadequate treatment of acute lymphadenitis BTE can turn into chronic. Sometimes BTE lymphadenitis becomes chronic from the beginning, often it is the case with lowered immunity and the presence of chronic foci of infection, such as chronic otitis media. At the same time the lymph nodes behind the ear at first increases and then over time may be significantly reduced in volume (atrophy) with a reduction in or loss of its function. Patients may be concerned about the general weakness, malaise, periodically escalating inflammation in the lymph nodes behind the ear.

How to treat the lymph nodes behind the ear

In order to eliminate the increase in the lymph nodes behind the ear, you must first identify the cause of their increase. Therefore, you should consult an audiologist. If the cause of enlarged lymph nodes are not in inflammation, you should consult a physician and undergo a complete examination.

In acute purulent lymphadenitis BTE appointed by antibiotic therapy. At the same time we treat the source of infection, which led to the development of lymphadenitis. If there are no signs of a purulent inflammation, prescribe procedures warming region of lymph nodes (dry heat, physiotherapy). If signs of purulent inflammation warming procedures are not carried out in such cases will only operation (abscess opened).

Lymph nodes behind the ear may increase, it usually indicates the presence of a serious problem that can not be overcome without medical assistance.

Galina Romanenko