Vnutriprotokaya papilloma - is the formation of elongated shape are formed in the breast tissue, which consists of connective tissue and blood vessels. Often intraductal papilloma is formed in the ducts just behind the nipple. In such cases, self-examination can detect small seal of the areola, in addition, there may be transparent and / or bloody discharge from the nipple.
Intraductal papillomas can be formed in one or both breasts. They are benign and are not commonly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer
Breast cancer: what every woman needs to know
. Intraductal papillomas most often found in women older than forty years - this is due to natural changes in the breast that occur with age. If, however, intraductal papilloma detect abnormal cells (abnormal but not cancerous), it makes the risk of developing breast cancer in the future a little more likely.
Varieties of intraductal papilloma
There are two main types of intraductal papilloma, and one related to her condition:
- A single intraductal papilloma - there is one seal, more often near the nipple, and causes discharge from the nipple;
- Multiple intraductal papilloma - a few seals, located a little further from the nipple; usually do not cause precipitates and can not be detected by touch;
- Intraductal papillomatosis - the formation of a very small group of cells within the ducts of the breast, a kind of hyperplasia
Hyperplasia - do not be afraid
.
For the diagnosis of intraductal papillomas often use a biopsy and / or mammogram
Mammography - protection against breast cancer
. If a woman has discharge from the nipple, also take a sample of secretions for analysis.
Biopsy
During the biopsy, you can remove the affected part of the breast tissue - a minimally invasive alternative to conventional surgery. If you then continue discharge from the nipple and / or inflammation around them will appear, you may need surgery to remove the affected duct or ducts.
The operation is performed under general anesthesia. After surgery, the patient remains in the hospital for at least a day. Pain after surgery is usually not very strong - it usually can be removed with the help of non-prescription painkillers. Near the nipple remains a small scar, which eventually will become less noticeable. After surgery, the sensitivity of the nipple may be reduced. People with multiple intraductal papillomas, as well as those who were found abnormal cells in the future may require regular medical examinations.
How can manifest intraductal papilloma
The main manifestation of intraductal papilloma is nipple discharge of various kinds, which occur in the separation of papillary growths inside the duct because of trauma (for example, with pressure on the nipple). Discharge may be clear, bloody or greenish-brown (if the infection is now). Probe papilloma possible only when it is located in the main duct - in these cases, it is felt in the form of a small circular elastic slightly painful node, located in the areola, in the center, in large ducts that take place in areas near the areola area. When pressed on the node from the mouth of the duct on the nipple appear bloody drops, and the tumor disappears. Sometimes tumor thickened walls due to the inflammatory process, then around intraductal papilloma is a protective tissue swelling, and the swelling becomes dense.
Most papillomas are accidental discovery on preventive examinations.
Diagnostics
An experienced surgeon mammolog after a thorough examination can make a correct diagnosis. To confirm the diagnosis of an ultrasound and X-ray examination of the breast, as well as the laboratory study of discharge from the nipple.
Radiological research methods - a mammogram and ductography. Mammography - X-ray of the breast is, in this case pictures are clearly visible tumor. Ductography - radiography with the introduction of the milk ducts of contrast medium, it reveals that the tumor is inside the duct, breast cancer, and to identify other small benign and malignant tumors. Before ductography be completely ruled out trauma of breast (do not press, do not massage without express milk). Ductography The disadvantage is that the introduction of a contrast agent may be damaged duct. But this is a minor complication and runs independently.
Treatment
Intraductal papillomas treated promptly. Leave them usually does not make sense, since they are precancerous disease. Held sectoral resection (removal node papilloma together with the surrounding tissue) around the areola incision to expose the duct opening in the nipple ducts investigated modified are removed together with surrounding tissue removed tissue is studied in the laboratory to identify abnormal (malignant) cells. These operations can be conducted by endoscopic method (using special tools and small cuts).
Prevention
Prevention papilloma - a regular gynecological examination and treatment of inflammatory and hormonal disorders
Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous
female genitalia. Upon detection of a nodule in the breast and nipple discharge should immediately turn to a breast surgeon and conduct a survey.
Galina Romanenko
