Failure of the menstrual cycle is nothing else than its violation. A similar problem faced by virtually all women. Any shift of the menstrual cycle, whether its elongation, or, conversely, shortening, is considered a violation. Causes that can lead to failure of the menstrual cycle are very numerous. It is not necessary to hope that the menstrual cycle will recover on their own, this problem is best left to professionals. Cycle disorders can occur at any age, like a teenage girl, and a woman's menopause. It should be remembered that the deviation from the norm of the menstrual cycle may be indicative of any disease.

The normal menstrual cycle

The average length of the menstrual cycle is 28 days, but it can vary and be both day 21 and 35. The duration of menses should be no less than three days and not more than seven. Total blood loss normally does not exceed 150 ml. The first menstruation in girls begins at the age of 12-15 years, and a regular menstrual cycle is established through 1-1, 5 years.

The reasons that lead to failure of the menstrual cycle

As noted above, the causes of menstrual disorders are numerous and varied. The failure of the menstrual cycle can cause stress, climate change, severe loss or weight gain. In addition, infectious diseases such as influenza or SARS also are reasons to bring down the menstrual cycle. Violation of the menstrual cycle can be due to various gynecological pathologies (uterine fibroids, endometriosis Endometriosis - a serious problem with serious consequences , Inflammation of the reproductive organs) and infections, sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis Ureaplasmosis - inflammation of the urogenital system , Trichomoniasis). Also, the failure of the menstrual cycle result in a variety of chronic somatic diseases (diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.). Equally important in violation of the menstrual cycle, and have a variety of endocrine disorders (pathology of the adrenal or thyroid gland). Wrong lifestyle (alcohol abuse, drug abuse or smoking) affect the menstrual cycle and lead to its abuse. And, of course, it should be noted that the failure of the menstrual cycle often observed in premenopausal and adolescence.

The clinical picture of the failure of the menstrual cycle

Violation of the menstrual cycle is primarily due to a failure in the neuro-endocrine regulation that can occur at any level of the regulation loop. Furthermore, failure of the menstrual cycle - is not just its elongation or shortening, but changing the nature of menses. First of all a woman should alert the increase or decrease in blood loss, the appearance of spotting before or after menstruation, the occurrence of unpleasant odor from menstrual blood.

Types of violations of the menstrual cycle:

• amenorrhea (absence of menstruation for six months or more);
• oligomenorrhea (infrequent menstruation, about once every three or four months);
• algomenoreya (very painful menstruation, accompanied by weakness, loss of appetite, dyspepsia, headache);
• gipomenoreya (decrease menstrual blood loss and shortening the duration of menstruation);
• polimenoreya (frequent, about every two weeks period);
• menorrhagia (increased amount of menstrual blood loss);
• metrorrhagia (irregular menstrual cycle, the intensity of menstruation is different).

Treatment

Treatment of menstrual disorders is to identify the causes that led to the failure and fix it. So, with stress recommended sedatives Sedatives - take valerian and be happy? , Consultation of a psychologist or therapist. In case of genital infections shown anti-inflammatory treatment. If too low, or, conversely, high body weight is assigned to appropriate diet, aimed at normalizing weight. In the case of violations of the cycle on the background of endocrine diseases is carried out corresponding correction. When hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous   is assigned to hormone therapy.

Anna Sozinova

Menstruation - one of the many physical signs that a girl becomes a woman: the beginning of the menstrual cycle accompanied by a stage of puberty Puberty child - stages of a complex path . And, like other changes associated with puberty onset of menstruation may be due to some problems: some girls are looking forward to the beginning of the month, the other is this aspect of the process of growing up seem scary or unpleasant. Moreover - many girls do not even imagine what actually happens during the menstrual cycle and what the female reproductive system.

With the onset of puberty (usually between the ages of eight to thirteen years) and begin changing physiological and psychological. Hormonal changes stimulate the rapid development of the body - including the rapid growth of breast augmentation. After the two - two and a half years after the beginning of the growth of breasts usually begin menstruation.

After about six months of the start of the first menstrual cycle, you will notice an increase in the amount of vaginal discharge. This is - a common phenomenon, about which absolutely no need to worry (you need to pay attention if vaginal secretions cause itching, have a strong odor or change color).

Starting menstruation also called menarche. The first menstrual period begins only when all the elements of the reproductive system of the body, and finally evolved perform the functions together.

Female reproductive system

The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus. Ovaries oval located on both sides of the uterus in the lower abdomen - in the pelvic area. The ovaries are formed egg. Near the ovaries are long and thin fallopian tubes - they are, in fact, connect the ovaries to the uterus, a pear-shaped organ located in the center of the pelvis. The muscles of the female uterus is strong enough and able to contract and expand, making the uterus can accommodate a developing fetus, and then, during labor, to push him out.

With the onset of puberty, the pituitary gland produces hormones that stimulate the production of estrogen in the ovaries Estrogen - the key to bone health   and progesterone. These hormones have a multifaceted impact on a woman's body: in particular, they are responsible for the maturation, growth, emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code .

Once a month the mature egg leaves one of the ovaries - a process called ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   - And into the fallopian tube, gradually moving to the uterus. A few days before ovulation hormone estrogen stimulates thickening of the endometrium, causing its walls become more dense and soft. This process - the preparation of the uterus for a possible pregnancy. If the egg is fertilized by sperm, it is attached to the uterine wall, gradually developing. If conception has not occurred - as it happens in most menstrual cycles - egg does not attach to the uterine wall, flaking and slimy with blood and unfertilized egg comes out through the vagina. This process is called menstruation.

The menstrual cycle is repeated every month for several decades, a woman's life (except, of course, the gestation period) to menopause.

Frequency of menstruation

As puberty begins all at different times, the same applies to menstruation. Some girls first menstruation begins at the age of ten, in others delayed until the fourteen or fifteen years.

The time interval between periods called menstrual cycle (the number of days from the beginning of menstruation to the next). In some cases, the length of the menstrual cycle is of standard twenty-eight days, however, the menstrual cycle may be either shorter (twenty four days) or longer (up to thirty days). Typically, early puberty, menstrual cycle duration varies and can range from twenty-one to forty-five days. And after two or three years, the cycle is normalized to an average of twenty-one - thirty-four days.

Irregular menstruation - quite common for girls who have started menstruation recently. The body takes time to adapt to rapid changes so often at this time, you can observe a violation of the periodicity of menstruation. Typically, in a year or two menstrual cycle becomes more regular, but in violation of the periodicity of menstruation often face and adult women.