Progesterone - a female hormone that supports the second phase of the menstrual cycle (phase corpus luteum) and pregnancy. Its quantity in women depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle, the presence of pregnancy, and age. Lack of progesterone negatively affects a woman's ability to have a child. And if there is an excess of progesterone?

Which organs produce progesterone

Female sex hormone progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology   Pregnancy is synthesized mainly temporary endocrine gland the corpus luteum, which is formed immediately after ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   (release of the egg from the ovary) in place of the bursting of the follicle. The amount of progesterone in the second phase of the menstrual cycle, first increases, reaches its peak and then decreases.

During pregnancy, the corpus luteum grows and begins to produce increasing amounts of progesterone until the 16th week of pregnancy. After this period begins to produce progesterone matured placenta.

Furthermore, progesterone is produced by the adrenal cortex and seminal vesicles male testes.

In what diseases and conditions increased progesterone levels

Physiological increasing the amount of progesterone in the blood is pregnancy associated with phases of the menstrual cycle, the second phase of progesterone is many times greater than the first. Significantly increased and constantly growing amount of progesterone during pregnancy.

But apart from these states may be pathologically increased progesterone-related diseases of which it is produced - the ovaries, placenta, adrenal glands, testicles.

Diseases of women who can lead to increased levels of progesterone

The most common such diseases is the corpus luteum cyst of hormone Corpus luteum cyst - when hormonal changes Which is formed during the second half of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy. Such cysts can cause menstrual disorders, for example, the emergence of inter-menstrual bleeding, which in turn can cause severe iron deficiency anemia. Danger cysts and corpus luteum that may come its rupture or torsion of the legs. Therefore, if the cyst does not go on their own, then it is removed.

The reason for increasing progesterone in the blood can be a malignant neoplasm, for example, horionepitelioma that developed in situ ovarian pregnancy. They can also produce progesterone lipidokletochnye ovarian tumors.

Another reason for the increase in the blood of women progesterone - molar pregnancy. This disease, which is based on abnormal development of the ovum, leading to his death and grozdevidnomu proliferation of fetal membrane. Moreover, the body produces a large amount of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which stimulates progesterone secretion by the ovaries. This leads to ovarian hormone producing tekalyuteinovyh cysts. After removal of hydatidiform mole, these cysts regress.

The reason for increasing progesterone in women can also be disease and adrenal tumors. Furthermore, in chronic renal failure can be disrupted progesterone excretion from the body, leading to an increase in its concentration in the blood.

Diseases men which may lead to an increase in progesterone

In the body, men, progesterone is produced by the seminal vesicles located in the testes. Tumors of the testes may produce progesterone in large quantities.

Also, in men, progesterone produced by the adrenal cortex, which also may develop benign and malignant hormone producing tumor. Men may be congenital hyperplasia Hyperplasia - do not be afraid   (accrementition) adrenal glands, which is also produced in an increased amount of progesterone. Kidney disease in violation of their functions may be causing the delay of progesterone in the body that will be reflected in the increase of its concentration in the blood. Therefore, an increase in the blood of men progesterone should be the reason for the survey.

Progesterone - a hormone that the body needs for a woman, so that she could conceive, carry and give birth to a child. But the persistent increase in its concentration in the blood of women and men can talk about serious illness.

Galina Romanenko

All vitamins and minerals are very important for metabolism, and thus participate in the process of procreation. But vitamin E is in this process a special role - it has a direct positive impact on gonadal function.

Effect of vitamin E on the reproductive function of women

Sexual function of women is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian. The hypothalamus controls pituitary and in anterior pituitary gonadotropic hormones produced (follicle-stimulating and luteinizing FSH - LH), which stimulates the activity of the ovaries. Under the influence of FSH in the first half of the menstrual cycle matures inside the follicle with his egg. Furthermore, FSH stimulates the secretion of female hormone estrogen.

After the egg matures, this signal is supplied to the brain and from there into the pituitary, which decreases the secretion of FSH and LH secretion increases dramatically, which leads to the rupture of the follicle and release of an egg from the ovary, i.e. ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? . LH also stimulates the formation of the bursting of the follicle in place a temporary endocrine gland corpus luteum gland and production of the female hormone progesterone. LH and progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology   "Kingdom" in the second half of the menstrual cycle.

The menstrual cycle (MC) woman is a mechanism that monthly prepares a woman in the process of conception. In the first half of MC occur oocyte maturation and growth of the mucous membrane in the uterus, and the second - complete preparation of the mucous membrane of the uterus to receive the embryo. If pregnancy does not occur, then the hormonal support is reduced, and the mucous membrane of the uterus is torn away - begins menstruation.

The positive effect of vitamin E on the reproductive function of women is that it stimulates the pituitary gland and is involved in the formation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone - FSH and LH, thus affecting the function of sexual glands, the process of oocyte maturation, ovulation and prepare the uterus for the introduction in its wall embryo.

Infertility is always a consequence of a violation of the menstrual cycle. Depending on which phase of the menstrual cycle is broken more in the treatment of infertility Infertility Treatment - What principles are priority   woman introduced certain hormones. Vitamin E in preparation for pregnancy and infertility treatment is appointed always, as it gently stimulates all the phases of the menstrual cycle.

In addition, vitamin E, and has a mild anti-inflammatory effect, which is also important when planning pregnancy, as is often the cause of female infertility is a chronic inflammatory processes.

Vitamin E and pregnancy

In the future, if pregnancy occurs, vitamin E can help a woman to bear a child, reduces the toxic effects of metabolic processes, since it is an excellent antioxidant Antioxidants: the truth about the notorious benefits That is has the ability to inhibit the toxic effects of free radicals. During pregnancy a woman's body carries a double burden, it accumulates a large amount of toxic products of metabolism, so vitamin E is so necessary in this woman her condition.

Vitamin E has a positive effect on the development of the fetus, as having a positive effect on the operation of the placenta, it improves blood circulation, and hence the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the baby. It also prevents the risk of newborn infants hemolytic anemia (destruction of red blood cells arising due).

Effect of vitamin E on the sexual function of men

Vitamin E is involved in the process of spermatogenesis (formation of sperm), which are formed in the testes of males. Lack of vitamin E results in degenerative degeneration of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules of the testes. As a result, it violated the formation of sperm and men's ability to fertilize.

In preparation for pregnancy is usually examine both spouses in case of any obstacles to conceive a child they prescribe. Certainly, infertility in men alone vitamin E do not require more serious treatment. However, a mild stimulating effect of vitamin E on the pituitary and gonads men overemphasized. Therefore, for any reason, that caused male infertility, in the complex treatment is always included vitamin E.

Vitamin E is called the vitamin of reproduction, since it is selective and has always a positive effect on sexual function of men and women, including helping to conceive and bear a child. Will my parents be well balanced diet, sedentary life and avoiding harmful habits.

Galina Romanenko