Angina during pregnancy: Treatment

During pregnancy, women who have previously been angina usually continue to take beta-blockers (e.g., atenolol and metoprolol) and / or calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine, verapamil Verapamil - indispensable for angina and hypertension , Diltiazem and amlodipine. These drugs can cause low blood pressure, swelling of the extremities, and constipation, but their use in angina exceeds the associated risks. In addition, your doctor may recommend low-dose aspirin intake. It not only reduces the likelihood of new episodes of angina, but also reduces the risk of developing pre-eclampsia. Low-dose aspirin can cause bleeding during pregnancy, but in most cases its use is tolerated very well.

From the group of nitrate medicines during pregnancy may be used only nitroglycerin. It belongs to the category of drugs that can be prescribed to pregnant women only when reasonably necessary. In women suffering from angina, the need is definitely there. Long-term observations of the patients show that in most cases, nitroglycerin is safe for both mother and fetus. Expectant mother diagnosed with angina should always carry nitroglycerin with you, and be sure to replace it if the shelf life of the drug expires.

In addition, women suffering from angina pectoris, have over the whole period of pregnancy to take additional measures to reduce the risk of new attacks. It plays an important role good nutrition Proper nutrition - the basic precepts of healthy food . It is necessary to minimize the consumption of foods rich in saturated fats (fatty red meats, sausages, butter, cream, hard cheese pastry products, the content of coconut or palm oil), to use less salt and sugar. The daily diet of pregnant women should include fresh vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, and foods containing saturated fats - fish, avocados, nuts, seeds, olive oil, sunflower oil.

These measures will help to maintain a healthy weight during pregnancy is very important for any cardiovascular diseases. Most experts believe that the weight of the pregnant woman must not increase by more than 10-12.5 kg, although the rate may vary depending on the initial weight of the patient: a woman with a normal weight can gain during pregnancy more weight than women who are overweight or obese.

Finally, expectant mothers who identified angina, it is essential to avoid severe stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis . Do everything you can for your own psychological comfort during pregnancy - in many cases it can significantly reduce the risk of further strokes.

What are the amniotic fluid

Amniotic fluid surrounds the developing fetus, along with the fruit they are enclosed in the amnion (periconceptional bag). Using amniotic fluid all metabolic processes occurring between the pregnant woman and fetus, ensuring its growth and development. The amniotic allocated and all metabolites fetus (urine, mucus, exfoliated superficial layers of the skin and so on). In the amniotic fluid the fetus is in limbo, which protects it from external physical influences. When it is time delivery, amniotic fluid under pressure to the cervix and cause to unfold.

The amniotic fluid contains proteins, free amino acids (and their degradation products, e.g., urea), hormones, minerals, vitamins and enzymes.

In the first six weeks of pregnancy, amniotic fluid is very small, but over time, their volume increases and 38 weeks is about one and a half liters. In the next two weeks, the amniotic fluid becomes smaller (about 600 ml) - a sign that will soon begin delivery.

What malovidie and its causes

Water shortage - a small amount of amniotic fluid (less than 500 ml). Water scarcity is rare (3-4 cases per 1000 births). The causes of water scarcity are not fully understood. Typically, water scarcity due to insufficient development of the epithelium lining the inner surface of the amnion or decrease its secretory capacity.

In most cases, water scarcity develops in prolonged pregnancy. Often it develops in one of the identical twins If you have twins: Ten Smiles   when polyhydramnios another, due to the uneven distribution of the total circulating in placenta blood. Such a condition can occur in chronic diseases, after an infection, metabolic disorders Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things   and hormonal levels, smoking, alcohol abuse, as well as gestosis (late toxicosis of pregnancy). Water scarcity can lead to stunted growth and development of the fetus.

Signs of water scarcity

With a significant oligohydramnios in women may appear weak, aching pain in the abdomen Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm? , Dry mouth, nausea Nausea - there may be problems with the nervous system .

When oligohydramnios often have spontaneous abortions and premature births. Pregnant experiencing pain during movement of the fetus. During labor, contractions are painful and ineffective, cervical dilatation is slow. Childbirth is prolonged, at the opening of membranes follows only a little thick, viscous, colored meconium (fetal feces) liquid.

After twenty weeks of pregnancy, the baby starts to move a lot and if the amniotic fluid is small, then they lose their cushioning function, whereby the child may get injured. Furthermore, a stay in a relatively stationary state may contribute to violations of the spine and the large joints (mainly the hip). It is also possible merging of the fruit with the amnion and education had malformations. The fetus suffers from a lack of oxygen that can cause disorders of the central nervous system, so often for health reasons such women performed caesarean section. Water shortage contributes to low birth weight and insufficient and vitality.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made by water scarcity was insufficient (compared to the normal for the period) the size of the uterus, its thick consistency, limited mobility of the fetus. Confirmed diagnosis of fetal ultrasound (including ultrasound Doppler study of blood flow in the arteries of the uterus, umbilical cord and brain of the fetus). ALWAYS cardiotocography (CTG) - Simultaneous recording fetal heart rate and uterine contractions, which gives an indication of the health of the fetus.

How to treat oligohydramnios

After identifying oligohydramnios pregnant women prescribed drugs that improve blood circulation and metabolism in the placenta. If, despite treatment, the child's condition is not improving (according to ultrasound and CTG), then a sufficient gestation performed cesarean delivery.

Pregnancy at oligohydramnios usually ends successfully in cases where there is a woman doctor regularly and get timely adequate treatment.

Galina Romanenko