High pressure in women

According to research data, an adult woman is in the early stages of hypertension during the testimony of 120-139 systolic and 80-89 diastolic pressure. Women with diabetes or chronic kidney disease, blood pressure can be in the range of 130/80 mmHg or higher. Already noted as a result of research that women aged 60 years and above clearly suffer from high blood pressure than men, and with age the risk of hypertension in women increases significantly.

Risk factors

The exact cause of high blood pressure has not been studied thoroughly. You should immediately consult your doctor in identifying the symptoms and, if necessary, proceed to the medication. We must always remember that high blood pressure - it is an incurable disease, it is only necessary to control.

There are, however, factors equally affect both men and women. In the risk group are people whose heredity burdened with similar disease. Incidence is also determined by the sensitivity to salt in some people. Stick to a low-salt diet, foods rich in potassium, low in cholesterol.

Also, people prone to overweight, you should monitor your blood pressure and diet, as they too are at risk.

Drinking alcohol in excess of one drink a day for women and more than two drinks for men ensures slowly but surely preparing the body for such incurable disease. It should also be excluded from the list of risk factors of tobacco, because nicotine is known, not only has the ability to "kill certain animals," but also to provoke high blood pressure.

Dilute a measured, but devoid of the active activities of life a couple-three of exercise, and you will not know what the pressure. Also, gloomy weather, troubles, problems and other negative phenomena that lead to stress and depression Depression - a little more than a bad mood Create a "perfect" foundation for hypertension. Not only does stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis   and depression adversely affect the general mental and emotional state of a person, because they are still provoke and stimulate kidney disease or metabolic Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things , Not to mention diabetes, which has always been a "friend" of hypertension.

Woman during pregnancy is very sensitive to all kinds of changes and differences in the body. This is not surprising. A pregnant woman can not control the processes in the body, when he controls the whole process of pregnancy and birth of a new man. However, you should know that blood pressure during pregnancy can harm the unborn baby. Especially dangerous gestational blood pressure, and in the third semester of pregnancy almost all women are subject to changes in pressure. A slight increase in pressure may occur in pregnant women after 20 weeks of pregnancy, which lasts up to 3 months of pregnancy and until the baby is born, while not revealing themselves in any way. This is called gestational high blood pressure. After giving birth, the pressure is normalized.

Gestational blood pressure is at high risk for women who suffer from high blood pressure in the previous pregnancy; for women suffering from obesity has until pregnancy; Women who become pregnant before 20 or after 40 years. A woman with chronic kidney disease and diabetes in the lead almost in the risk group.

On the basis of long-term observations, doctors have found that high blood pressure has a devastating effect on the kidneys, thereby disrupting the process of blood flow to the baby. And throughout pregnancy it is recommended to regularly measure blood pressure. High blood pressure prior to pregnancy, it is considered chronic hypertension. Usually it is detected at the first examination of the pregnant woman, although it may be acquired. Chronic hypertension can be divided on essential hypertension and symptomatic. If the root cause of high pressure is in the family history, before you essential hypertension. If high blood pressure stimulates kidney disease, narrowing of the arteries of the kidneys and adrenal tumors, this type is classified as symptomatic hypertension.

Doctors recommend that women with hypertension initially, to undergo treatment before pregnancy. In extreme cases, doctors may recommend only prematurity. It is assumed that a woman can have a baby alone, even in such critical conditions; otherwise it will be a cesarean section.

Toxemia or medical language, pre-eclampsia - high blood pressure is caused solely pregnancy. Preeclampsia usually occurs during the first pregnancy. Pregnant women usually state quite threatening the health of women and child occurs in the second or third trimester, during labor and for a period of up to six weeks after birth. This state may befall you suddenly or gradually you will learn about his approach. Normal urine and pressure measurements help identify toxemia at any stage of pregnancy.

Hypertension is the most common complication of pregnancy and is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. In the presence of hypertension in pregnancy significantly increases the risk of intracranial hemorrhage, eclampsia, renal dysfunction, premature labor, malnutrition and premature newborns, perinatal mortality.

Treatment of hypertension in pregnancy is often a challenge. Women with chronic hypertension Hypertension - when suffering heart and brain   (a term used to refer to situations where the hypertension present before pregnancy), it is desirable to plan tactics and risk assessment prior to conception and / or in early pregnancy .  Low-salt diet for the control of hypertension in pregnancy is usually not shown (except in patients with hypertension obemozavisimoy in some cases of kidney damage) .  Pregnant women with hypertension usually do not require fluid restriction .  It is not now generally accepted opinion on the effectiveness of ASA in the prevention of pre-eclampsia .  In pregnant women with hypertension is not necessary preventive use of sedation and anticonvulsants .  The vast majority of pregnant women with hypertension to control blood pressure requires the appointment of more than one antihypertensive agent base .  The use of combination antihypertensive therapy shows more than 70% of pregnant women with hypertension .

Coronary heart disease and the basic methods of treatment

Coronary artery disease Heart disease and heart attacks: that every woman should know   (CAD) occurs when the reduced lumen of the coronary arteries which carry the heart muscle of oxygen and nutrients. The main reason for coronary artery disease - blockage of the lumen of the coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques. The heart muscle begins to feel a lack of power, suffering her cell, giving "distress" in the form of pain (angina). In some cases, the heart muscle cells die off (necrosis). Tissue necrosis of the heart muscle is called a myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction - the most formidable diagnosis   - A very dangerous condition that can lead to death of the patient. After a while, instead of necrotic tissue grows connective, that is, the heart muscle is deprived of all of the muscle tissue, which can not but affect her work: the heart pumps hardly necessary volumes of blood. Stagnation of blood causes swelling and impaired functioning of all organs - a condition called heart failure Heart failure - when the heart is unable to cope with the work .

Ischemic disease treated conservatively by various drugs that enhance the lumen of blood vessels. But it gives a temporary effect. In the mid-sixties of the last century for the treatment of ischemic heart disease began to apply coronary artery bypass grafting, which is able to radically change the status of the patient. Currently, expand coronary vessel is also using balloon angioplasty (with the help of crushed plaque in the arteries) and the subsequent introduction of a stent - a special device, which does not allow to close the artery lumen.

What is heart bypass surgery

The correct name - coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) - a surgical procedure aimed at restoring the blood supply to the heart muscle. It allows to restore blood flow in the coronary arteries of the heart by bypassing the constriction of a coronary vessel via shunts. In our country, such operations first started doing Leningrad professor V.I.Kolesov in the mid-sixties of the last century. Today, all these operations are significantly improved. Modern medical equipment allows them to do both with disconnection of the heart (heart blood instead of enriched oxygen to the tissues and delivers heart-lung machine), and without turning off, creating the stillness of the heart only in the treated area.

Before the surgery, the patient carefully examined. The most informative method of investigation in this case is coronary angiography - radiopaque research method that allows you to pinpoint the nature of the place and the degree of narrowing of the coronary arteries.

Coronary artery bypass surgery performed under general anesthesia and takes a time of about 3-4 hours or more, depending on the amount of operation. Extracorporeal circulation can be used, and can not be used. Usually it is used in the case where there are multiple coronary vessels.

The skin incision is made in the middle of the chest, then released coronary artery disease. During the operation and the skin incision legs or arms for bypass.

After isolation Discharges in women when there is cause for concern   coronary artery bypass grafting is carried out: the shunt is connected at one end to the aorta, the other - to the coronary artery below the site of its restrictions. If the restriction is only in one artery, it is called bypass isolated if many - the one shunt sequentially sewn (anastomose) each modified coronary artery bypass surgery is called a sequence. But not all bypass artery subject, but only those that are more than one mm in diameter.

After bypass surgery

After surgery, the patient is in the intensive care unit to the full restoration of the general condition. Time spent in this compartment is dependent on the amount of the initial operation and health of the patient. After resuscitation, the patient is transferred to a regular room. In a hospital it is about 10 days, at the end of this period remove the stitches in the chest and leg (or arm, depending on where the shunt was taken). Gradually, the blood circulation in the veins of the donor site is restored and there remains no discomfort.

Coronary artery bypass surgery is currently the most effective treatment for coronary heart disease.

Galina Romanenko