Ovaries - a body that performs the hormonal function, that is, secretes hormones. In some cases, the ducts through which flows a secret glands are clogged, resulting in a so-called retention cysts. Depending on what structures are produced ovarian hormones are formed various types of cysts.
Structure and function of the ovaries
The ovaries are paired female sex glands, located on either side of the uterus. The main function of the ovaries - secretion of sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) and "growing" egg.
Each ovary has a weight of not more than 8g, it is inherently half a million germ cells in a special bubbles - follicles. The follicles mature several eggs each month, but the stage of a large mature follicle usually reaches only one, the others are subjected to change it back.
Ovarian cysts are retention of education (ie, are closed duct glands). There are endometrioid (endometriosis - growths in the ovary cells of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus there), follicular, tekalyuteinovye, inklyuzionnye cysts and corpus luteum cysts
Corpus luteum cyst - when hormonal changes
.
Follicular cyst of ovary
Follicular cyst occurs most often in women of childbearing age in the period before menopause. It is a single chamber are usually thin-walled cavitary formation filled with liquid. In most cases, follicular cyst located in one of the ovaries, its value reaches 2-7 cm in diameter.
Signs of follicular cysts are determined by the degree of its hormonal activity (which can produce the female sex hormones estrogen) and the presence of other diseases. In those cases when the brush exhibits hormonal activity observed proliferation of the inner layer of the uterus (the endometrium), uterine bleeding in girls - precocious puberty
Puberty child - stages of a complex path
. When cysts larger patients complain of pain in the abdomen.
The cyst may be complicated by torsion of her legs, tears and suppuration, which can lead to peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum - the thin serous membrane that lines the inside of the abdominal cavity). Cyst rupture can occur after exercise or a sudden change in body position. At the same time there are strong pains in the abdomen, extending to the perineum, sometimes all the signs of torsion rapidly. If any patient follicular cysts her first watched and treated conservatively (resorption cysts helps, for example, electrophoresis with potassium iodide or progesterone), and if it continues to increase, then remove the operational method.
Cyst of the corpus luteum of the ovary
Yellow body - this is a temporary endocrine gland, which is formed in the second half of the menstrual cycle on the spot ruptured follicle (egg comes out of it), and produces the female sex hormone progesterone
Progesterone - norm and pathology
. Once menstruation begins, the corpus luteum will cease to exist and in its place formed a scar. If pregnancy occurs, the corpus luteum continues to exist even 12 weeks (the corpus luteum of pregnancy). Corpus luteum cyst occurs much less frequently than the follicular. It also often occurs in women of childbearing age as in the corpus luteum of the menstrual cycle, and in the corpus luteum of pregnancy.
The size of the corpus luteum cyst can be up to 7 cm in diameter. Hormonally active cysts (they produce progesterone) can cause menstrualnopodobnye bleeding during menopause, and women of childbearing age - symptoms similar to an ectopic pregnancy (pain in one half of the lower abdomen, spotting). Large cysts are usually the corpus luteum hormone inactive. When you break a cyst may start to bleed heavily. Most cysts of the corpus luteum are alone - atrophy (decrease in size), the walls of them falls down, in their place, a so-called white body.
Tekalyuteinovye ovarian cysts
Tekalyuteinovye cysts often are bilateral and multiple. Their magnitude varied, but may occur and large, up to 15-20 cm in diameter. In the lumen of them contained a pale yellow liquid. The formation of such cysts associated with the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin, which is also called the pregnancy hormone. This hormone is produced naps introduced in the uterine wall of the embryo. In addition, hCG is produced by the so-called trophoblastic disease associated with metabolic disturbances. Often education tekalyuteinovyh cysts associated with multiple pregnancy, the use of certain drugs for the treatment of infertility.
Under these cysts complaints may not be, but can stomachache
Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms
and menstrual irregularities. When you break the cyst may be internal bleeding. Special treatments such cysts do not require that they often resolve on their own.
Surface inklyuzionnye ovarian cysts
They are also called superficial epithelial cysts. Inklyuzionnye cysts are as multiple and single. This small closed cavities, which are often precursors of cystic tumors. Inklyuzionnye cysts occur due to the introduction of the ovarian surface epithelium in its tissue.
Treatment of ovarian cysts growing mainly operational. When single cysts in women of childbearing age make organ surgery, such as resection of the lesion.
Galina Romanenko