During feeding baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice   breast pain often appear in the mammary glands. In most instances, such pain associated with engorgement (lactostasis) or inflammation in the mammary gland (mastitis). In this and in another case, a woman need the help of a doctor.

Pain in the chest when lactostasis

Lactostasis called milk stasis in the breast. Lactostasis usually develops within a few days after birth, when the breast milk comes sharply. This happens when a child is sick, weakened or for some reason was not applied again to the chest.

Mammary lactostasis become dense, shiny, very painful, and flattened nipples, making them difficult to grapple baby during feeding. Since there is an overflow of breast milk and swelling of the tissues, then a squeezing of the blood vessels and ducts, poor circulation, which in turn causes a reduction in the amount of milk in the mammary glands dramatically congested.

The work of the mammary glands based on the principle: the more the child will suck the milk, the more it will come. If milk has been sucked it is small, and it will arrive a little. Thus lactostasis reduces the quantity of milk.

Compounded lactostasis often mastitis - inflammation of breast cancer Inflammation of breast cancer: what is more dangerous - acute or chronic? . May occur and breast abscess - abscess Abscess - why it is so dangerous ulcers? .

Prevention and treatment lactostasis

To prevent lactostasis woman who is breastfeeding, you can not wear tight bras - this leads to compression of the breast, in violation of their freedom of movement and circulation of the milk ducts. Bras from synthetic fabrics cover the air access to the breast, which also contributes to lactostasis.

It has the meaning and proper care of the breast: it wash with warm water before and after feeding, with soap and water - no more than twice a week (otherwise there is dryness of the nipples on them cracks - the gateway for entry of infection). Hardening of the breast reduces the risk of mastitis. It is recommended several times a day to make air baths - to keep the chest open for fifteen to thirty minutes.

If lactostasis appeared, the need to express her milk, better to do it with two hands under a warm shower. When lactostasis it is difficult to express milk from the fact that her nipples are flat. In such cases it is recommended to take a high cup, fill it with half a moderately hot water (but not boiling water, you do not accidentally burn yourself) and drop to the chest so that the nipple does not touch the water, and the chest is completely closed top circles. In this case, the circle appears negative pressure (vacuum) which extends from the breast milk.

Mastitis

Mastitis often occurs against a background lactostasis. In this case, swelling, impaired circulation to the breast through small abrasions and cracks in the nipples penetrate pathogens infections and the inflammatory process begins.

To distinguish from the beginning lactostasis mastitis easily. If lactostasis Lactostasis - stagnation of milk in the mammary gland   breasts enlarged and the color of their uniform is not changed, when mastitis appears redness and swelling in a particular area of ​​the breast, in the same field appears sharp pain. When mastitis is also necessarily fever.

Mastitis proceeds in two stages. Initially, the site of inflammation swells and it starts very palpable painful infiltration. The skin over the swollen and reddened infiltrate. The second stage of mastitis - the formation of an abscess. In the middle of the melt infiltration tissue tends to a large number of white blood cells (they destroy pathogens) and form pus. The temperature can be raised even higher, impaired general condition of women, while breast palpation can detect fluctuation (fluctuation) in the place of the formation of an abscess, which says that within the soft tissue is a liquid (pus).

How is mastitis

Mastitis needs to be treated only in the office of the surgeon. Alone it can not be treated, as it can have serious consequences. Purulent mastitis may be complicated by an abscess, as well as blood and lymphatic vessels spread to many organs and tissues.

Treatment depends on the stage of mastitis. At the stage of formation of infiltration is conducted conservative treatment. Antibiotics, warming treatments, physiotherapy. In the formative stage can only help the ulcer surgery - opening the abscess. Especially dangerous in this period to carry out any warming procedure.

Mastitis prevention is timely treatment lactostasis and proper care of breast cancer.

Galina Romanenko

Dostinex is a drug for the treatment of diseases caused by or associated with increased blood levels of the pituitary hormone prolactin. It may be a violation of the menstrual cycle (MC), infertility, hormone-dependent tumors of the pituitary gland, and various endocrine disorders. Furthermore, dostineks administered to suppress lactation.

Dostinex - a drug to suppress the secretion of prolactin

Dostinex (INN - cabergoline) is produced by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer Italian in tablets of 500 mg. Other pharmaceutical companies cabergoline is available under the trade names cabergoline, agalates, bergolak.

Dostinex is an inhibitor (inhibits secretion) secretion of prolactin. The amount of prolactin in the blood decreases within three hours after taking the drug and lasts for one to four weeks in patients with initially high prolactin levels and within two to three weeks in the suppression of lactation after birth. Inhibition of prolactin occurs quite slowly - over two to four weeks after initiation of treatment.

These properties allow the use of Dostinex it not only to suppress postpartum lactation, but also for the treatment of many hormonal disorders.

Dostinex for the suppression of post-partum lactation

The mechanism of action is associated with the stimulation of Dostinex secretion and promotion of neurons (nerve cells) of the neurotransmitter (a substance with which the jitters is transmitted by neurons) dopamine. This leads to a reduction in blood pituitary hormone prolactin, which stimulates the production of breast milk. In some cases, you want to suppress lactation and then appointed dostineks.

To suppress postpartum lactation (for example, if a child died in childbirth or the mother can not feed him for medical reasons) dostineks administered at a dose of 1 mg (two tablets) immediately after birth. Typically, this dose is sufficient to suppress lactation has not started yet. To suppress the already established lactation the drug is prescribed for half a tablet (250 mg) twice a day for two days. Take Dostinex while eating, drinking water.

Dostinex in the complex treatment of menstrual disorders

Dostinex suppression of prolactin secretion may help restore the menstrual cycle, if the violations were associated with an increased content of this hormone in the blood. As a result, reduce the amount of prolactin in the blood is restored one at secretion of pituitary hormones that affect the menstrual cycle (gonadotropin-releasing hormones - follicle - FSH, it operates in the first half of the MP and luteinizing - LH acts in the second half MC) and the number of female sex hormone estrogen. Increased secretion of LH in the middle of the MP leads to the formation of ovulation (with the release of egg from the ovary) of the menstrual cycle, that is, to overcome infertility.

Since increased concentrations of estrogen in the body, improves the condition of women who have had a lack of these hormones, accompanied by symptoms such as weight gain, swelling, loss of bone calcium (steoporoz). Estrogens inhibit the action of male sex hormones androgen, which improves diseases such as acne Acne: facial trouble , Male pattern body hair and so on.

For the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with elevated prolactin levels, dostineks designate half tablets (250 mg) once or twice a week. In further dose increase (if there is a need and controlled laboratory findings) to two tablets per week (1 mg) was also divided into two steps.

Dostinex in the treatment of sexual dysfunction in men

Some men may also be elevated prolactin in the blood. This leads to a decrease in sexual function of a lack of sexual desire and impotence Impotence - a female perspective on the problem . It can also develop breast enlargement, there are discharge from the nipple - a condition called gynecomastia Gynecomastia - known since ancient times .

Dostinex inhibits prolactin, while reducing the amount of blood it immediately increases the level of male hormones. It is used as well as an increase prolactin levels in women.

Prolactin in the treatment of hormone-dependent tumors of the pituitary gland

By pituitary hormone-dependent tumors which are associated with increased prolactin levels, relates primarily pituitary adenoma Pituitary adenoma - a benign tumor dangerous . With a decrease in the blood levels of prolactin adenomas may regress. The dose of Dostinex in this case is individually controlled laboratory and radiological studies.

Dostinex - a drug that has an active effect on the entire reproductive system, so it should be used under medical supervision.

Galina Romanenko