Ductal breast cyst Cyst of the breast - a sign of hormonal trouble   It can occur at any age, beginning with puberty Puberty child - stages of a complex path   and ending with menopause. However, most of ductal cyst observed in women aged 48 years and older. The disease takes one percent of all benign tumors of the breast.

Ductal breast cyst is considered a precancerous condition, but reliable data on the rebirth of education in cancer have been identified. And yet, the disease requires referral to a specialist.

What is ductal breast cyst

Ductal cysts (or intraductal papilomma tsistoadenopapilomma) is represented by small growths (papilommami) inside the milk ducts and refers to the benign diseases of the breast. Externally intraductal papilomma looks like cavity papilliform projections, which is filled with a liquid mixed with blood, so called ductal breast cysts.

There are single (solitary) and multiple intraductal papilommy. Multiple ductal cysts are localized primarily in the lateral (side) areas of the breast, and a single peripapillary area. Ozlokachestvlyayutsya often multiple intraductal papilommy. Dimensions ductal cysts can vary from several millimeters up to one - two centimeters.

Causes

The main factors of intraductal breast papilomm are various hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous   in the body. It can be: dysfunction of the ovaries, inflammation of the ovaries Inflammation of the ovaries - the invisible disease   and the uterus, abortion, excessive body weight, endocrine diseases (diabetes, thyroid disease), chronic stress, and so on. In addition, at high risk of developing ductal breast cysts include nulliparous and female smokers. There was a link between the emergence and presence of intraductal papilommy fibrocystic breast. Also not ruled out the hereditary factor.

Clinical manifestations

The main clinical manifestation of intraductal papilommy is a discharge from the nipple. Discharge may be clear, bloody, brown or greenish in color (in the case of accession of infection). Palpable ductal breast cysts is possible if it is localized in the area of ​​the main ducts. This palpable dense rounded education, painless on palpation. When compression of the tumor from the nipple appear allocation, and education itself disappears. As a rule, intraductal papilomma detected by chance during routine inspection.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis intraductal papilommy includes inspection and palpation of the breast, as well as additional methods of examination. When inspection and palpation of the breast specialist determines the dense, small-sized formation, while compression of the juice marks the appearance of secretions and their character. The next stage of the survey is to discharge smear cytology in determining the presence or absence of atypical cells. Upon detection of the last doctor prescribes an analysis for tumor markers of breast cancer.

Also used mammography and ultrasound breast cancer, although the exact diagnosis, these methods do not allow. Mammography and ultrasound are appointed to rule out other pathology of the breast.

The only true and accurate method for diagnosing breast intraductal papilommy is ductography. Ductography - a breast X-ray examination, during which the milk ducts in the injected contrast agent. Ductography assign absolutely to all women, regardless of age, if the patients are observed discharge from the nipple. Wherein (manipulation takes about thirty minutes) in the nipple catheter, through which the contrast agent is injected, and after the X-ray examination is carried out.

Anna Sozinova

Mastopatia is diffuse and nodular or focal. And if diffuse disease of the breast Diffuse breast disease - affects the whole breast   in varying degrees, there are many women, and is not considered a dangerous disease, the alopecia may be regarded as a precancerous condition. Therefore lobular breast disease is treated only operatively.

Lobular breast and reasons for its development

Mastopatia relates to hormonal disturbances. If the woman's blood has a significant number of female sex hormones estrogen and pituitary hormone prolactin, it leads to certain changes in the mammary glands.

Normally, during the first half of the menstrual cycle under the influence of estrogen in the breast glandular tissue proliferation occurs and the milk ducts. In the second half of the cycle, when the main hormone progesterone becomes Progesterone - norm and pathology It suppresses the growth of tissue and causes it to allocate a secret. By the end of the menstrual cycle hormonal support dries up, and all changes in the mammary glands regress.

When mastitis in many blood estrogen and progesterone is not enough, so the breast tissue continues to grow, including increasing the milk ducts, and around them grows connective tissue. Part of the duct becomes blocked, forming small cysts. Such changes occur equally in both breasts and are called diffuse mastopathy.

In the long diffuse mastopathy it goes into an anchor or focal. At the same time instead of multiple small cysts in the breasts are formed one or more major painless nodes - cysts, surrounded by dense connective tissue. If diffuse mastitis breast pain was linked to the phases of the menstrual cycle, in this connection, the nodal almost none.

The development of mastitis and its transition to the node shape closely related to the endocrine and central nervous systems, as well as inflammatory diseases of female reproductive organs, and liver disease. Thus, the breast often appears after the abortion, diabetes, thyroid disease, liver, pelvic inflammatory disease and neurosis.

As shown

Lobular breast Breast - the mirror Women's Health   It manifested in the emergence of large female breasts painless nodes with clear contours. Sometimes, before menstruation, these nodes may be painful, but not as much as in diffuse mastopathy and gradually the pain may disappear entirely, that is not a very good sign.

In some women, the pain of focal mastitis are permanent, while others remains more or less pronounced changes associated with the menstrual cycle and edema. Soreness sometimes appears only in the area of ​​the unit, but in some cases extend to the whole breast or giving arm, collarbone.

Once menstruation begins, the pain and swelling of the pass and then the node in the breast can be felt very clearly. As a rule, it is painless, elastic, dense, irregularly shaped, with sharp contours, agile, not soldered to the skin. A feature node mastitis is that, in contrast to cancerous tumors, it is impossible to test the components in the supine position (the so-called negative symptoms Koenig).

When focal mastitis nipple can appear transparent or spotting Spotting - it is important to rule out pathology . They can be as small and heavy. Spotting can talk about mastitis focal degeneration into cancer.

Diagnosis and treatment

Alopecia is considered a precancerous breast disease, so women spend a full examination. The survey is conducted in the second week of the menstrual cycle at this time decreases swelling of the breast tissue. Spend X-ray examination of the breast and its ducts, ultrasound tests of the mammary gland secretions, blood analysis on hormones. From the assembly by needle taken punctate, which is studied in the laboratory.

When violations of hormonal women appointed its correction in the form of progesterone, and drugs that suppress the secretion of pituitary hormone prolactin (eg mastodinon). In addition, all being treated foci of infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, liver disease.

The nodes in the mammary gland is removed quickly, while during the operation conducted laboratory study remote nodes in order to eliminate cancer. If the remote site were found abnormal (typical for cancer) cells is carried out radical surgery with removal of axillary lymph nodes and subsequent treatment by the rules provided for cancer.

Galina Romanenko