Delusions of conception: of the history

Throughout the history of mankind, it was assumed that the characteristics and genetics of a child depends on the man. A woman was considered a vessel, a fertile ground for the cultivation of seed of a man, so the woman, unable to conceive a child, called "barren." Even some five hundred years ago, European scientists believed that the male seed initially contain microscopic embryos children who later develop and grow in the womb of a woman.

The role of women role in the conception and definition of physical and mental characteristics of the child has been recognized by scientists until the end of the XIX century. Obviously, things have changed to such an extent that today, a woman can get pregnant even without sex with a man. But something still remains the same: birth without sperm (ie men), it is impossible.

• Sperm

Sperm - a male sex cells are formed in the male sex gonads - the testes. The day produces about 10 million sperm. Ripe sperm from the testes through the seed channel in the penis (with ejaculation during intercourse) fall into the woman's vagina. Men's sexual organs also produce hormones under the influence of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating the pituitary gland. This is the same hormones, which are produced in women.

Within the seminiferous tubules of the testes are located (vas the way), which actually produced sperm that are pushed into an appendage, located behind and on top of the eggs. There sperm ripening within several weeks (about 5-6 weeks) at a temperature of 1-2 ° C below body temperature.

Sperm must be active and mobile to "swim" in the flow of seminal fluid. This fluid is called the male sperm. During sexual activity and muscle excitation special male genitals push the sperm from the testicle to the back of the appendages, and they get into the semen. In the process of ejaculation (ejaculation) sperm containing approximately 30 million sperm coming out of the penis. Not all sperm of these 30 million matured, but about 75% are viable and ready to fertilize the egg.

• Cervical canal

During sexual intercourse the sperm enters the cervical canal, which is a large part of the female menstrual cycle closed by a stopper of a thick sticky mucus. Because of this tube sperm unable to penetrate into the uterus. Rapid destruction of sperm contributes acidic vaginal environment. A woman at this time is naturally barren, that is not able to conceive. But for about four days of ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   the uterus produces a very different mucus, having the opposite effect and contains nutrients for sperm necessary to maintain their livelihoods in a few days.

Long way sperm

Of the tens of millions of sperm that enter the vagina, the fallopian tube to get only a few hundred .  To meet with the egg, the sperm will go all the way through the canal of the cervix, uterus and fallopian tube most of the .  This promotion is largely due to the contraction of smooth muscle of the female genital tract .  However, on the way there are obstacles spermatozoa: uterine cells reject foreign bodies, so many sperm are destroyed at this stage .  Those active sperm that manage to overcome this obstacle, finally get into the fallopian tubes, only one of which contains an egg ready for fertilization .  Going deep into the female body, and less into contact with seminal plasma, sperm begin to prepare for the possibility of fertilization, the probability is 50%, ie only 50% of the sperm gets to the right fallopian tube .  Of the 50% of the egg gets less than one hundred sperm overcome many natural obstacles and barriers that exist in the female reproductive system, and as a result only one "lucky" fertilizes the egg .

How to increase the probability of conceiving a boy - the son and heir

Why do some couples because it is the dream of a boy, son? For many reasons. Perhaps they already have a daughter, or even a few. Or, in the family and too many women and father of a family feel in the minority. Or maybe he just wants an heir and successor of sorts. In any case, the chances of conceiving a boy might increase, but no one can give an absolute guarantee that the boy was born.

If you are not sterile and are able to get pregnant, try these natural remedies to increase the likelihood of conception How to increase the probability of conception: the first steps to improve reproductive function   boy.

What to do

• First of all, you need to understand a key difference between sex cell with a Y-chromosome (male sexual carrier information) and sex cell with the X-chromosome (female sexual information carrier). The sperm carrying Y-chromosome is much smaller, lighter, more mobile and more active (and thus less viable) than the sperm carrying the X chromosome. Spermatozoa carrying the Y chromosome are viable for 24-48 hours, and spermatozoa carrying the X chromosome can live for several days. After examining their features and differences, you can create the conditions under which sperm carrier Y-chromosome first to reach the egg and fertilize it.
• If you want to conceive a boy, do not have sex in the first four days after the presumed ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? . Since the sperm carrying the female X chromosome, is very viable, they can exist in a woman's body for a long time, "waiting" matured egg. Viability - the main advantage of the sperm, but they are inactive.
• Men are advised to stop smoking and alcohol consumption. Since sperm carrier Y-chromosome no different vitality, drinkers and smokers men of sperm is less, and therefore, they are less likely to conceive a boy. A woman can help her man to cope with this task, hiding from him cigarettes and alcohol.
• Consider the possibility of fertilization in vitro. In the laboratory, "male" sperm is separated from the "female", and use them only for fertilization, which guarantees the male child. However, this method of conception is hardly a natural (or cheap), but its effectiveness repeatedly proved.

As the egg is ready for fertilization

Human eggs - this is not an inanimate body, whose existence begins only after the sperm will breathe life into it. No, it is a living organism that prior to contact with the sperm is doing everything possible to increase the chances of fertilization. Over the first fourteen days after the start of the menstrual cycle, the pituitary gland (located in the brain, endocrine gland) produces follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Follicle stimulating hormone regulates the activity of sex glands: promotes the formation and maturation of sex cells (eggs and sperm), affects the synthesis of female sex hormones (estrogens). Luteinizing hormone is necessary for normal functioning of the reproductive system. In the female body LH stimulates the secretion of ovarian estrogen, and increase of its peak level triggers ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? .

• Follicles

Approximately 10 - 15 eggs mature inside the ovarian follicles, and these follicles begin to produce increasing amounts of estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health . This estrogen stimulates the production of lubricating fluid in the cervix, which facilitates the path of sperm to the egg. Estrogen has a catalytic effect and plays an important role in normal processes of conception and pregnancy, as well as stimulates the production of FSH and LH hormones.

Almost perfect conditions for ovulation occur approximately in the middle of the menstrual cycle, when one egg (and sometimes several) matures, goes up and comes out of the follicle, breaking it, and then moves into the uterine (fallopian) tube. The remaining follicles gradually disappear. To have an idea of ​​the tiny amount of sperm, need to think about the egg, which is smaller than a pinhead, and it is about 100 times larger than the male participant in the process of conception.

Human egg as egg and other mammals contain the nutrients necessary for the development of the embryo. It also contains nutrients needed for her own life activity while traveling in the fallopian tube.

• Progesterone is

The bursting of the follicle after the release of a mature egg "pulls" cholesterol from the blood, causing becomes yellow, which explains the term "yellow body" - a temporary organ of internal secretion, which is formed on the site of the bursting of the ovary, and produces the hormone progesterone.

Progesterone produced by the corpus luteum Progesterone - norm and pathology   required for the development and preservation of pregnancy. Under his influence, the endometrium is converted into decidua tissue, prepared for implantation of an embryo and to ensure its life. Furthermore, progesterone blocks uterine contractions, but in the later stages of pregnancy strengthens the muscles of the cervix, which eliminates the risk of miscarriage.

The glands of the fallopian tubes Fallopian tubes: an important part of the reproductive system   produce nutritious fluid for the development of a fertilized egg. After that cervical fluid - specific allocation of the cervix, forming a dense stopper into the cervix and prevent fertilization of other eggs. After about 10 days after ovulation, if fertilization did not occur, the corpus luteum undergoes resorption and reverse development. At this time, there is a marked decline in the production of hormones by the endocrine glands and menstruation begins.

Your egg and you

Just imagine that all the egg cells in the ovaries of women were already there, even when she was an embryo in the womb. Is not it amazing? The number of eggs is determined at birth, throughout life they are not getting bigger, but only one is released for the month of conception during the reproductive period. The egg - a female sex cell. Inside its core (46 chromosomes) contain genetic material. The core is surrounded by a protective plasma protein shell known as vitellinovy ​​layer. Vitellinovy ​​layer has its own yolk, which nourishes the embryo after conception vital substances.

At the beginning of the period of ovulation chromosomes within the nucleus of the dominant oocyte, which is due out from the follicle, it becomes active. Twenty-three of the 46 chromosomes remain inside the egg, and the remaining 23 are attached to a small area of ​​the outer shell of the egg. At the moment of conception, when sperm meets egg, 23 chromosomes from the nucleus of the egg are joined with 23 chromosomes in the nucleus of the sperm containing the genetic material stored in the DNA. So baby inherits genetic characteristics of both parents. The outer shell of the egg does not break up until the embryo is not implanted (implemented) in the endometrium (uterine lining). This typically occurs after about 4 - 5 days after fertilization.