The teeth in children are beginning to be put on the fifth or sixth week of pregnancy. By 14-15 weeks of pregnancy begins to form hard tissue of the tooth - dentin, after which gradually formed a more hard tissue - the enamel. From the fifth month of pregnancy begin to develop permanent teeth.

As laid and teething in children under one year

By the time of birth of each child's jaw has 18 teeth follicles (10 temporary and permanent 8 - incisors, canines and first molars). Bookmark permanent molars occurs later: the first large molars - about six months, and the third (wisdom tooth) - the fourth-fifth year of life.

A child born without teeth and with some mandibular hypoplasia, but especially oral allow him to make effective sucking movements during which stimulated growth and forward movement of the lower jaw, which gradually leads to a normal relationship of the jaws. The development of the roots of deciduous teeth Milk teeth - how they are formed?   It begins shortly before the eruption of the crown, by this time almost completely formed.

Teeth erupt before the year according to certain rules: on certain dates (slight deviations), Couples (symmetric), and in a certain order.

In the lower jaw teeth usually erupt first, with the terms of the first teeth may deviate significantly from the norm (and often this is also a variant of the norm). By the year of the child shall be the average of eight teeth that erupt in the following terms:

• central incisors in the lower jaw in 6-8 months;
• central incisors in the upper jaw in 7-9 months;
• lateral incisors on the lower jaw of 8-10 months;
• lateral incisors in the upper jaw in 9-12 months.

Teething usually proceeds without complications common. Diseases of children during teething Teething: hard times   usually considered as a coincidence, and not a consequence of this process. But in children attenuated (e.g., after diseases depleted, diseases of the nervous system) disorders may worsen the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract. Complications with the eruption of primary teeth may include soreness and inflammation of the gums, as a rule, do not require special treatment.

Features children's teeth to a year

Enamel just erupted teeth covered with cuticle, very resistant to acids. Cuticle teeth quickly erased when chewing and enamel adults it is stored only on the side surfaces of the teeth crowns. After teething enamel gradually covered shell (pellicle) - purchased organic thin film composed of protein-carbohydrate complexes which precipitate from the saliva. From sediment protein-carbohydrate complexes are selectively adsorbed by the surface of the enamel. Pellicle is a structural element of the surface layer of enamel, an intermediate layer between the enamel and oral liquid medium. This semipermeable membrane involved in the regulation of the permeability of the enamel. Remove the pellicle can only abrasives or a solution of diluted hydrochloric acid.

Pellicle always covered with soft plaque, which is a whitish viscous non-mineralized bacterial deposits (plaque). The plaques are composed of bacterial cells, and specific intercellular substance liquid formed of salivary fluid or periodontal pocket (space between the gum and tooth) containing acid and alkali generated by microbes.

The teeth of children under one year have a bluish hue and smaller than the permanent teeth. Between the teeth there is usually a period - this is normal, allowing to grow the jaw bone.

Improper development of teeth

By the abnormal development of the teeth are violating the terms of teething, shape, size, number and position of teeth, the structure of hard tissues of the tooth. Causes of abnormal development of the teeth - a hereditary feature of the structure of the teeth and dental system, especially the diet of the mother during pregnancy, various diseases and intoxications (eg, smoking) during pregnancy.

For anomalies of eruption is premature or delayed teething. Very seldom a child is born with incisors have already erupted. Premature eruption occurs less frequently, but cases are known eruption of one or more teeth in the newborn. Tardy eruption is considered a deviation from the average turnaround time for 4-8 months.

The irregular shape of the tooth (as the crown and the root) is formed during the prenatal period, most often found in the upper lateral incisors. Abnormalities of magnitude of a tooth (changing its width, height, thickness) can vary due to various diseases of dental hard tissues. There are also anomalies in the number of teeth (erupt more or less the norm number of teeth).

In order to prevent a variety of diseases of the teeth, the child is required to annually inspect children's dentist who promptly detect all possible violations of the teeth and tell you when and how to treat them better.

Galina Romanenko

Tooth crowns are used to restore the shape, size or function of the tooth, and / or to improve its appearance. For example, they are used, if the teeth are badly damaged tooth decay More about caries - take care of your teeth until it's too late   or chipped.

Types Of Dental Crowns

• Metal crowns can be made of gold, nickel or chromium alloys, and other metals. Compared with other types of bits to establish a metallic crown, must be removed less dental tissue, and the opposite tooth wear will be minimized. Metal crowns can withstand great pressure upon chewing and typically are significantly longer than the others. In addition, metal crowns are very rarely broken. Their main disadvantage is the color, so the metal crowns often mounted on the molars.
• Metal-ceramic crowns, in contrast to conventional metal, the color look more like real teeth. However, they contribute to a more severe wear of opposing teeth. In addition, the ceramic part of the crown could break away if too much pressure.
• Crowns made of composite resin - the cheapest but least durable. They wear out quickly and rather easily broken.
• All-ceramic crowns are most attractive from a cosmetic point of view and are suitable for those who are allergic to metal. However, they are more fragile than the all-metal and metal-ceramic crowns, and wear opposing teeth to a greater extent than the crown of composite resins. All-ceramic crowns are perfect for front teeth.

Installing dental crowns

• The first visit to the dentist: the inspection and preparation of the tooth.

During the first visit, the doctor makes a few x-rays to check the roots of the teeth, which will be set crowns, and the surrounding bone tissue. If extensive destruction of the tooth and / or if there is a risk of infection or damage to the pulp may first be held treatment channel.

Before you start to install the crown, the doctor makes a local anesthetic. Then grind the tooth to make room for the crown. Exactly how much dental tissue is necessary to remove it depends on the type of crown that will be installed. If a significant part of the tooth is missing, the doctor uses a special material to "build on" the tooth, which will then hold the crown.

When given a desired tooth shape, the doctor makes an impression of the teeth, whereby the crown is made. If you are installing a ceramic or metal-ceramic crowns, dentist during the preparation of the tooth pick the color that most closely matches the color of teeth Teeth Whitening - miracles are possible, but whether it is desirable?   patient.

Then the doctor puts a temporary crown, which will protect the treated tooth is prepared in the laboratory crown.

As long as you are temporary crowns, avoid foods such as candy and gum, as well as solid food

• The second visit to the dentist: the installation of the permanent crown

During the second visit, the dentist removes the temporary crown and sets the permanent crown. The procedure goes using local anesthesia and, generally, does not take very much time.

Possible problems after installation of dental crowns

• The discomfort and hypersensitivity. Generally, these symptoms persist for only a few days after the procedure. If the pain occurs when you bite or chew, this usually means that the crown is too high. When such a problem, contact your dentist.
• Skol crown. This problem is particularly characteristic of all-ceramic crowns. If chipped a small piece of the crown, the defect can be repaired with composite resin. A more extensive damage may require replacement of the crown.
• Loosening the crown can occur if special cement is washed out from under the crown. At the same time the bacteria begin to penetrate under the crown and begin to destroy the remaining part of the tooth. In some cases the crown may fall off. If this happens, carefully clean the crown and call the dentist. He will tell you how to take care of their teeth as long as you will not be able to come to the reception.
• Allergic reaction. In very rare cases, the materials of construction for a dental crown, cause an allergic reaction in a patient Allergic reactions: how to understand why you tickle in the throat .