Any urinary tract infection - a serious disease. In order to promptly seek medical care, need to know the main symptoms of the most frequent diseases of the urinary tract - cystitis, because only quickly and correctly prescribed treatment can prevent the transition of acute to chronic.

What happens in the bladder cystitis

Changes in the bladder for acute cystitis usually limited to the mucosa, it becomes red and edematous. In more severe cases, the process extends deep into the bladder wall, in some areas the epithelium of the mucous membrane exfoliated, the formation of erosions and ulcers in the urine there is a large amount of blood - formed hemorrhagic cystitis Hemorrhagic Cystitis: always seriously .

In the most severe cases, especially when combined infection of the bladder with blood circulation in his wall comes necrosis (necrosis) of the mucous membrane, followed by sloughing - developed gangrenous cystitis. When melting the muscular layer of the bladder may occur spontaneous rupture (perforation) of its wall.

In chronic cystitis is inflammation inside the walls of the bladder and affects all of its shell. All the shell of the bladder is inflamed, swollen, stretch the bladder is reduced, especially in the field of vesical triangle (the portion of the bladder wall in its bottom, between the point of entry and exit of the ureters urethra). Inflammation of the area called trigonitom and inflammation in the transition region of the bladder into the urethra - cervical cystitis.

Sometimes the bladder wall there are small pustules (microabscesses), after opening formed in a small sores. Sometimes ulcers occur on the background of metabolic disorders in the bladder wall. After a scarring ulcers formed scarring of the bladder, and the ulcer begins elsewhere, this is called interstitial cystitis. It leads to a complete loss of bladder function.

Symptoms of acute cystitis

Signs of acute cystitis is the emergence of pain in the lower abdomen and pain during urination (dysuria). All these signs appear some time after the cold, a viral infection, receiving chemicals that irritate the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder. The intensity of pain during urination increases, the pain becomes almost constant. Sometimes, because of the severe pain patients are unable to hold urine.

The severity of symptoms of acute cystitis may be different. Sometimes (at a less severe) patients feel only the severity of the abdomen, frequent urination, and a few small pains at the end of urination. In some cases, these phenomena are continuing 2-3 days and go away without treatment.

But most acute cystitis Acute cystitis: Treat treated responsibly   It lasts for weeks, even if he is being treated quite correctly. Such prolonged slightly during talks about what to look for the cause, which helps prolong the inflammatory process. It may be some slight violation of passage of urine (for example, due to the narrowing of the urethra).

Severe acute cystitis occur with fever, violation of general condition. Urine is small and it is muddy, malodorous, contains flakes (a protein fibrin), sometimes pieces of mucosa, blood. The blood can stain the urine entirely isolated as clots that impede the flow of urine.

The diagnosis of acute cystitis usually put on the basis of characteristic features, the general analysis of blood and urine, and urine culture.

Symptoms of chronic cystitis

Symptoms of chronic cystitis depends on its causes and how well were treated. The main symptoms are the same as in acute cystitis, but less pronounced. Chronic cystitis Cystitis: urgently take action   It can take place in a continuous process with the presence of constant complaints and changes in urine. Another variant flow - recurrent, in which exacerbation replaced by light intervals, during which symptoms are absent.

In order to confirm the diagnosis of chronic cystitis, one small laboratory. ALWAYS cystoscopy - Inspect the inside surface of the bladder using a cystoscope. It is possible to see the smallest changes in the bladder wall.

In the long chronic cystitis necessarily exclude anatomical changes in the urinary tract that can impede the movement of urine. This may be a narrowing of the urethra, the return throw urine from the bladder into the ureters (vesicoureteral reflux) or a violation of the nervous regulation of the bladder. If such changes exist, they do not eliminate them, to cure chronic cystitis Chronic cystitis: a correct diagnosis - the main   It will be impossible.

If a person periodically show signs of urination, the sooner it will be a full examination and begin treatment, the more chances he has to get rid of cystitis.

Galina Romanenko

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy

Cystitis - a phenomenon quite common in pregnancy and associated with increased levels of specific hormones of pregnancy in the body, leading to changes in the urinary tract microflora. This in turn increases the risk of bacterial infections of the urogenital system, and in particular, cystitis.

In some cases, cystitis Cystitis: urgently take action   during pregnancy may be asymptomatic or mild symptoms. In such cases, usually performed by a urine test, which allows you to make an accurate diagnosis and determine the presence of infections, diabetes or pre-eclampsia. Some of the symptoms of cystitis - such as frequent urination, burning sensation when emptying the bladder - similar to the symptoms of vaginal infections (eg, thrush). That is why the treatment of cystitis in pregnancy requires mandatory implementation of urine. Increasing the amount of fluids you drink, and emptying the bladder immediately after the occurrence of urination reduce the risk of cystitis.

Upon detection and confirmation of the diagnosis of cystitis test results for the treatment of infections appointed antibotiki safe for pregnant women. Delay treatment of cystitis in pregnancy Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy - careful treatment   It can not, because of the risk of complications, eventually can cause miscarriage Miscarriage - can you protect yourself from it?   or premature birth.

Antibiotics: the main method of treatment of cystitis in pregnancy

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy suggests a course of antibiotics, the duration of which is usually seven days, and the symptoms of cystitis Cystitis - symptoms: spasms, cramps and discomfort   usually disappear after a few days after the start of antibiotic treatment. In the treatment of cystitis during pregnancy it is very important not only to take drugs in strict accordance with the instructions of the physician, but also to bring the treatment to the end, to eliminate the possibility of recurrence of symptoms of cystitis. Antibiotics are used to treat cystitis during pregnancy is safe for a pregnant woman and will not harm the child's health.

If a few days after the start of treatment of cystitis symptoms of infection during pregnancy did not disappear or become more acute, you should consult your doctor - this may indicate the presence of bacterial resistance to certain types of drugs. The presence of antibiotic resistance reveals the corresponding urine sample. In such cases, the medical treatment of cystitis in pregnancy require a change of drug.

The situation with the treatment of cystitis in pregnancy is fundamentally different than in the case with the treatment of cystitis in non-pregnant women and men: in normal cases can afford treatment independently, at home, the treatment of cystitis in pregnancy requires mandatory reference to the doctor and taking antibiotics.

Painkillers

To facilitate the particularly sharp and unpleasant symptoms of cystitis, whether pain diskomfrt or high body temperature, recommended painkillers - for the treatment of cystitis in pregnancy is best paracetamol, which can be bought over the counter without a prescription.

Increasing the amount of fluid

Increasing the amount of liquid - the traditional advice for the treatment of cystitis in pregnancy: it is believed that increasing the amount of fluid consumed helps to "wash out" infection of the bladder. Although direct evidence of the relationship the amount of fluid at a rate of cure of urinary tract infections not, there is no doubt that an adequate amount of fluids helps prevent bacterial infection and thus avoid the need for treatment of cystitis in pregnancy.

After the treatment of cystitis during pregnancy and complete the course of antibiotics is usually performed repeated analysis of urine to test the effectiveness of treatment and to determine the presence of bacteria in the urine.