Everyone knows that pregnant women have a heightened attention to their health. But not all during pregnancy depends on the expectant mother. For one of these cases is low placentation during pregnancy. Many women heard such a diagnosis from a doctor, immediately panic. Although, in fact, the reason for this is not (subject to compliance with all medical recommendations). Low placentation is not pathological, and to the border states, and often, at the end of pregnancy does not pose a threat. Currently, about 30-40% of women (especially living in urban areas) are faced with this condition during pregnancy. And 99% of these births are completed safely.

The role of the placenta during pregnancy

The placenta, or a child seat, a flat cake diameter of about 15 cm and a weight of about 1, 5 kg. In the placenta are many blood vessels that provide a link between the organism of mother and fetus.

Placenta secretes hormones, especially progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology Who is responsible for maintaining pregnancy. Also, it is through the placenta to the fetus receives all the nutrients, vitamins, minerals and oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. On how the fetoplacental (plodovoplatsentarnaya) system depends on the state and development of the child.

What is a low placentation

Normally, the placenta is located on the front or rear wall of the uterus, some going into her bottom. This localization of the placenta is optimal, it is well-developed circulatory system, which creates favorable conditions for the functioning of uterine blood flow. About low placentation say, when the placenta is below 5, 5 cm internal os. You can placentation low compared with incomplete placenta previa (when the child seat covers the internal os partially or completely). However, the low placentation has a favorable course.

Usually low placentation detected in the first trimester, third trimester, but the specific reasons for the unrest there. The fact is that during pregnancy, the placenta may itself migrate, i.e. to rise above the bottom of the uterus. It occurs in late pregnancy, lasts about six to ten weeks and ends at 34 weeks. Migration of the placenta depend on the uterine wall on which it is located. With the localization of the placenta on the anterior wall of the uterus it is faster migration.

Reasons for low placentation

The exact causes of the low position of the placenta are unknown. But noted that the low placentation more common in multiparous women than in nulliparous. Low placental contribute to changes in the internal wall of the uterus (the endometrium) caused by inflammation. Predisposing factors include low placentation:

• obstructed labor (post-partum bleeding, manual removal of placenta, postpartum endometritis);
• abortion and diagnostic curettage of the uterus Curettage - how dangerous it is? ;
• uterine fibroids, endometriosis Endometriosis - a serious problem with serious consequences   uterus;
• chronic endometritis;
• Cesarean section or removal of fibroids;
• multiple pregnancy;
• smoking;
• the woman's age (over 35 years);
• placenta previa previous birth;
• Parity (a large number of births).

What is the effect on pregnancy low placentation

With the growth of the fetus increases the pressure on the uterus. There is compression of blood vessels of the placenta, which is a violation of utero-placental blood flow. This leads to the development of chronic hypoxia of the fetus, sometimes lagging behind its intrauterine development. Pregnant marked low blood pressure, weakness. Any physical stress can cause bleeding. Often develop anemia Anemia - when you do not have enough blood   pregnant.

Recommendations for pregnant women

At low placentation pregnant women should comply with certain conditions:

• sexual rest;
• any limitation of physical activity;
• avoid stress, fatigue;
• do not raise your hands up sharply;
• avoid public transport.

Anna Sozinova

Inflammation of the ovary is the most common diseases of the pelvic organs. Especially dangerous inflammation of the ovaries during pregnancy. Acute inflammation of the ovaries during the childbearing rare, often exacerbated by a chronic process. That is why doctors strongly recommend to pass a full medical examination and appropriate treatment is still at the planning stage of pregnancy, as any pathology, including inflammation of the ovaries, which appeared during pregnancy can lead to irreversible processes, up to the interruption.

The role of the ovaries in the female body

The ovaries are a pair of sex glands and are located in the pelvic area. The main objective of the ovaries is the maturation of oocytes and child bearing. Ovaries synthesize sex hormones, which are responsible for the growth and development of follicles and, if pregnancy occurs in one of the sexual glands formed corpus luteum to produce progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology . Progesterone maintains pregnancy, and is produced during the entire period of gestation of the child. The corpus luteum in the ovary lives up to twelve weeks and then resolves his function assumes formed placenta.

During pregnancy, the ovaries are in "hibernation." They suspend their activities for the maturation of eggs, some increase in size (by increasing blood circulation in them) and change their location (growing uterus "pulls" the ovaries up). Sometimes pregnant women feel the nagging pain or discomfort in the abdomen, but such feelings are associated with stretching of the abdominal muscles and pelvic bones divergence.

It causes inflammation of the ovaries during pregnancy

About ovarian inflammation Inflammation of the ovaries - the invisible disease   Oophoritis or say when the gonads there is an inflammatory process. It is known that inflammation of the ovaries trigger factors that lead to a weakening of the immune system. Pregnancy is one of these factors, on the background of hormonal changes the body suppresses its protective function, which is aimed at the prevention of rejection of the fetus as a foreign agent.

In addition, the predisposing factors for inflammation of the ovaries during pregnancy include:

• diseases, sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis);
• hypothermia (wet feet);
• failure to comply with the rules of personal hygiene;
• infectious processes (flu, SARS);
• surgery;
• varicose veins in the pelvic area;
• inflammation of nearby organs (pyelonephritis, colitis, appendicitis).

The clinical picture

As noted above, acute oophoritis rarely develops during pregnancy. Especially dangerous is the presence of chronic inflammation of the ovaries, which almost certainly will worsen during pregnancy. The main features oophoritis during pregnancy include:

• or aching pain in the acute and in the middle of the abdomen (as the ovaries during pregnancy raised);
• pain in the lumbar and sacral areas;
• the emergence of abundant purulent discharge from the vagina Vaginal discharge   (often with an unpleasant smell);
• itching and burning of the external genitalia;
• attaching signs of intoxication (fever, nausea and vomiting);
• painful and frequent urination, constipation, and diarrhea.

During a pelvic exam Gynecological examination: an important component of women's health   determines the increase and soft womb (gestational age, respectively) and painful, softened and somewhat increase in the size of the ovaries. The displacement of the cervix and causes pain.

It should be noted that untreated inflammation of ovaries during pregnancy leads to a threat of interruption, and even to spontaneous abortion.

Diagnosis oophoritis during pregnancy

Diagnosis inflammation of ovaries during pregnancy is the following:

• the collection of complaints and anamnesis (the presence of chronic oophoritis);
• gynecological examination;
• laboratory tests (complete blood count, vaginal swabs);
• identification of infections, sexually transmitted infections;
• ultrasound of the pelvic organs (signs of inflammation of the ovaries and the threat of termination).

Anna Sozinova