It is no secret that many holidaymakers are taking a trip with him to the children. With boys and girls of school age special problems usually arise: they are independent enough to have the necessary understanding of the rules of behavior on the road, and, by and large, are able to maintain themselves in everyday terms. Traveling with a child of preschool age - a kind of art: you have to arrange it so that the pleasure of kids and not to spoil the holiday itself.

Very young children who have not yet turned two years old, doctors strongly advised not far from the house to take away, even if the journey is not associated with a radical change of climatic zones. A child in any case have to move acclimatization, and his body may not be ready for this severe test. Colds, gastrointestinal disorders, goiter Dysbacteriosis - what brings self , Viral infections - this is not a complete list of surprises, trapping you when traveling with a child under the age of two to three years. Although trains and planes, you can see a lot of passengers with small children, this does not mean that they are an example worthy of emulation. As long as the kid is not grown and become stronger, better not to expose it to the health of such risks. And if the child has turned at least three years, you can go on a journey in his company.

How to choose the appropriate mode of transport?

First, you must determine the choice of transport, which would have to move from one city to another. The ideal option would be to travel by plane - it takes relatively little time, and the conditions in the salons of air transport is much more comfortable than the train or in the long-distance bus. However, some children are afraid of heights and start crying when the plane rises into the air. Therefore, it makes sense to advance psychologically prepare the child for the flight: for example, to tell him how great climb high into the sky, as it is interesting, and what amazing adventures await him.

To go by train, of course, more profitable from an economic point of view: on children under five years of age, there is no need to buy separate tickets. It is assumed that when traveling by train a child could share the bed with accompanying adult. But on the narrow bunk in the car alone is unlikely you will be comfortable, even if the baby is used to sleep at night. You can not save on children's tickets and take care of a separate place for the child in the car, but then it must necessarily be lower shelf.

Many parents believe that it is safer and more convenient to just go with the child to travel in his own car. However, this option also has its pluses and minuses. Modern safety regulations require that during a trip in the car baby sitting in a special chair, and was tightly strapped. But not all children enjoy this prospect: they can not be carried out in a sitting position for several hours without a break. Therefore, about every hour and a half drive necessary to make stops lasting from fifteen to thirty minutes, so that the child at this time could get out, breathe the air, to warm up, go to the toilet.

What are the things you need to bring?

If you go on a journey child, collect baggage on the principle of "take only what you need" will not succeed. We need to grab a sufficient amount of clothing and linen for the baby, do not forget any of comfortable pajamas to sleep Dreams: how to understand our dreams Or of woolen sweater or windbreaker in case of insulated cooling. Yes, and one pair of shoes in any case be limited.

Of the products preference should be given to those who are capable of a relatively long shelf life without refrigeration: dry liver, hard fruits like apples fresh, juices, yogurt and milk in packages such as "Tetra", porridges made from natural herbs noodles. Do not interfere, and vegetables, fruit and meat canned in jars included in the traditional menu of infants: after a meal can be fed and grown-up children.

In order for the child during the trip is not bored, you can take with his favorite toys (such as a doll, bear or typewriter), a couple of fascinating books, comic books, album for drawing, coloring, and a set of markers, puzzles or small and convenient constructor.

Another mandatory item - road kit. It will include bandages, iodine or brilliant green, cotton buds and cotton wool in fact, activated carbon Activated carbon - old but indispensable , Preservatives, antipyretics and analgesics, as well as drugs for allergies and insect bites. It is best to consult with before the trip pediatrician. He will give the necessary recommendations on the formation of the individual first aid kit for your child.

Svetlana Usankova

Many people avoid talking about sexual abuse of children, despite the fact that it can happen to any child. Unfortunately, the sexual abuse of children - a terrible reality. According to statistics, every fourth girl and every seventh boy are sexually exploited before 18 years. It is believed that the latent sexuality of children susceptible to exploitation by the media, which abound sexually explicit material. Therefore it is very important to prevent sexual violence and to help the child to perceive the world, if it actually happened.

Objectives: To help your child to appreciate your body.

Prepare the child to develop his sexuality without interfering with it and thus without causing concern. Parents must learn to control anxiety about the well-being of their children, no matter how much they love them. The concern of parents, in turn, causes anxiety in children.

"Areas of the iceberg":

• The physical body - is not only a repository of physical organs that are important for health, but also a refuge for the soul and spirit.
• Parents should focus on their children's personality, values, passions and prejudices and to focus on a correct and healthy thinking their child.

What is the norm:

• Self-stimulation, but not often.
• Curiosity and questions about sexuality Nine ways to experience their sexuality .
• Questions about pregnancy and procreation.
• Role playing.
• Masturbation at home or in public places. In most cases, masturbation is not a serious problem. Parents should in a gentle manner to prohibit the child to masturbate in front of others, just to focus on the best abilities, the development and changes, the thoughts of the child, to help him escape.

The main objectives of the development phase of the child

• Provide child's understanding of the functioning of the human reproductive system
• Explain how to relate to the opposite sex
• Explain how to relate to persons of the same sex
• To teach the child to control their behavior, including reactions and responses. The child needs to learn self-control, which, in turn, generates an adequate self-esteem and provides less interference from the parents.
• Identify the boundaries associated with the personal life of the child.
• Teach the child to express his thoughts and emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code .
• Explain how to communicate with their peers, including those with the opposite sex.

How to cultivate a healthy sexuality and morality in this age

Monitor the child's access to the media. Be prepared to impose limitations in accordance with the level of development of the child. Browse his favorite television programs, videos and music. Choosing the right moment, explain how a certain song or a TV show support, or vice versa contrary to the system of values ​​that exist in your family. Limitations associated with the media, require more attention, as parents have the right to determine the child's developmental level. Experts advise parents to view programs, video and print media together with their children and discuss how they impact on family values.

It is also necessary to conduct interviews with children about pornography. Children need to understand that any image, whether it be photography, video or images on the Internet that offer the human body; or any text and cartoon, which put human body or sexual conduct in a bad form, is pornography. Children should also explain that alcohol, drugs and cigarettes are addictive, and then from them is very difficult to refuse.

Parents should monitor the child's relationships with other children - those relations should be age-appropriate.

It is recommended to discuss the slang and offensive words that match the names of body parts and sexual behavior. It is important to specify the child at the appropriate words for certain parts of the body.

It is important to ensure the child's physical, emotional and spiritual support. Love of parents promote healthy sexual development of children.

Parents are encouraged to talk with their children about their development, tasks and important events in their lives.

What to avoid

• Ridicule men, women, sexuality, and other parts of the body.
• Do not underestimate the child's feelings to other people, especially those with whom he is experiencing discomfort or to whom he dislikes. For example, for older children or adults.
• Imprudent to think that children are the first attempt to understand and remember the meaning of the terms and concepts. Sometimes, new information must be secured by resorting to the help of repetition or other way to explain terms that the child does not know.
• It is important to try not to show irritation at the large number of questions on the subject, which may cause embarrassment parents.
• You do not need to allow children to go home or other places where the materials are easily accessible on sexual themes (the library, at home, where there is access to the Internet, and so on) without supervision.

What to do if you are concerned about the child's development

Parents should call the children to open and unobtrusive talk about the security of their life experiences, their impressions of the modern culture and so on. Children need to be completely honest with their parents. Parents are encouraged to share their thoughts and experiences, and ask children questions, such as "What do you think? Your thoughts are important to me! "During the conversation.

Experts recommend that parents take an interest in experiences, thoughts and feelings of children. Questions should be specific, but at the same time, those that can be interpreted in different ways (ie questions that can not be answered simply "yes" or "no").

Discuss the various conflicts that occur in children with their peers.