Osteopenia - this is one of osteochondropathy Osteochondropathy: bone and joint diseases   (diseases of bone and cartilage), characterized by a decrease in bone density. If you have been diagnosed with osteopenia, which means that your bone density is reduced, but the figures are far from critical. Some decrease in density is the norm.

Bone density is measured by the so-called T-score. T-score less than -1.0 means that the bone mineral density lower than normal.

Low T-score does not necessarily mean that you are losing bone. Perhaps the density of your bones normally below average - tend to cause this are the genetic features. In addition, with age in most people bone density decreases, and it does not necessarily mean that a person has osteopenia. To make an accurate diagnosis is required to hold at least two tests on bone density - generally with osteopenia T indicators in each subsequent test will be significantly lower than in the previous year. By itself, osteopenia Osteopenia - decrease in bone density   - Is not a disease, but it may mean that you have a significant risk of osteoporosis Osteoporosis - he threatens you?   in future.

How to protect your bones

If the survey has shown that you have reduced bone density, you must start taking action to stop or slow down this process. With the help of the following methods can be prevented and the development of other types of osteochondropathy.

• Daily consume enough calcium. Women and men under the age of 50 years need 1000 mg of calcium per day. Women older than 50 should be consumed at least 1,200 milligrams of calcium a day. For men aged 50 to 70 years, the daily rate of calcium is 1,000 mg, after 71 years of - 1200 mg. It is desirable that all the calcium you consume come from foods, but if this is not possible, take vitamin supplements.
• Vitamin D. For people younger than 50 years of daily requirement of vitamin D is 400-800 IU (international units), after 50 years - 800-1,000 IU. Calcium can not be absorbed if the body lacks vitamin D, so it is necessary for the prevention and treatment of osteopenia.
• Regular physical activity is needed to maintain bone health. Bones are especially important these types of loads, like walking, running, jumping rope, and a variety of strength exercises.
• Be careful with the salt, caffeine and cola. Excessive consumption of these products is harmful to bone.
• Do not smoke. Smoking negatively affects bone health.
• Avoid alcohol abuse. Large quantities of alcohol weakens bones and causes harm to health as a whole.
• Consult a physician. Regular screening and counseling can help you to take more effective measures to maintain bone health.

Diseases of the spine and large joints are one of the main causes of disability and disability in the population. Not least in this process takes a painful muscle spasm that occurs in the area of ​​the lesion - it increases the pain and promotes persistent movement disorders.

How does sirdalud

Sirdalud - a drug that has the ability to shoot a spasm of skeletal muscles, that is, the capacity for muscle relaxation. The drug affects the centers in the spinal cord to suppress the release of excitatory amino acids in the synapses (compound places sprouting of nerve cells, which occurs in the transmission of nerve impulses). As a result, the transmission of nerve impulses is inhibited, which leads to a relaxation of the muscles. Sirdalud is also easy analgesic effect.

Available drug tablets which are quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (the pills independent of the meal - is not penalized for drug absorption), enter the bloodstream and enter the spinal cord. Thereafter sirdalud decomposed in the liver to inactive metabolites (metabolic products) and excreted through the kidneys. Therefore, patients with severe kidney disease, accompanied by violation of their functions sirdalud used with caution - it is more slowly eliminated from the body.

Who can receive sirdalud and contraindications for its reception

Sirdalud take on prescription in the muscle spasms that occur mainly in neurological diseases:

• if spastic condition caused by disease of the spine and large joints, accompanied by severe pain;
• in functional disorders of the spine and large joints, which are accompanied by muscle spasm without any organic (in violation of the structure) changes in these organs;
• after surgery on the spine and large joints, which are accompanied by muscle spasm, hampering movement and post-operative rehabilitation;
• in severe, long flowing neurological diseases (multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke), which are accompanied by spasms of skeletal muscles;

Admission sirdalud contraindicated:

• in case of hypersensitivity to the drug;
• in severe liver diseases in violation of its functions;
• in children - there is no experience with sirdalud in children as clinical studies in children have not been conducted;
• while feeding the baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice   FEEDING - medication in small amounts excreted in mother's milk.

Care should be taken when appointing sirdalud patients with severe kidney disease, accompanied by violation of their functions, pregnant women (pregnant women in the appointment of a doctor every time individually, decide to use it).

It is not necessary to apply sirdalud simultaneously with drugs that contribute to lower blood pressure - the pressure may drop too much.

Sirdalud can produce side effects such as fatigue, weakness, drowsiness, absent-mindedness, therefore patients who experience such changes during treatment sirdalud should not engage in activities that require high concentration and speed of reaction (eg, driving).

Side effects sirdalud

In addition to the main action has sirdalud side:

• the central nervous system - drowsiness or insomnia, lethargy, weakness, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations;
• on the part of the cardiovascular system - a slight decrease in blood pressure;
• the part of the digestive system - dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms , Time (during the dosing), liver problems, sometimes - acute hepatitis Hepatitis - the scourge of our time .

Admission medium therapeutic doses sirdalud transferred, as a rule, the patient is well. But the appointment of large doses sirdalud required to remove the existing long-term muscle spasm, a side effect of the drug can occur frequently.

Is it possible to overdose sirdalud

Yes, it is possible. Taking large doses of any effective drug may lead to an overdose. In overdose sirdalud appear the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, decreased blood pressure (especially if the patient receives some other antihypertensives), dizziness, sleep disturbances expressed Dreams: how to understand our dreams , Pupillary constriction (miosis), violation of the respiratory function and even coma.

In case of overdose, you should immediately call an ambulance, but before its arrival better to own stomach wash and drink 4 - 5 tablets of activated charcoal.

Sirdalud - effective medication, which is why when it is received and the possible side effects of an overdose.

Galina Romanenko