Preductal applies in the case where a result of disrupted blood vessels spasms supply nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle, eye and ear. Preductal restore energy metabolism in cells and allow them to function fully in a lack of oxygen.

How does preduktal

The active ingredient is preductal trimetazidine, which prevents the occurrence of spasms of the coronary vessels and a beneficial effect on the myocardium (heart muscle) in general, improving it all the metabolic processes in a chronic lack of nutrients and oxygen.

Above all, the energy exchange preduktal normalizes he selectively inhibits fatty acid oxidation, which leads to an increased oxidation of glucose Glucose: The energy source   with release of energy in form of ATP. In a chain reaction that entails activation of all types of metabolism in cells and maintenance of the constancy of its environment (homeostasis). This reduces the number and duration of anginal attacks, the need for nitroglycerin, to prevent the development of complications in the form of angina pectoris myocardial infarction. In addition, it limits the variations in blood pressure without causing any significant effect on blood flow and heart rate.

Likewise, it maintains the state of vision and hearing, which suffered during the long flowing cerebrovascular accidents.

Clinical studies have confirmed the effectiveness of the drug. The greatest effect was observed after two weeks of continuous reception preductal.

Preductal well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, acting about a day, but its amount while gradually reduced, so it is recommended to receive two or three times a day with meals (food does not affect absorption preductal).

Who and how prescribers

Preductal take on prescription. This is not because it has many side effects (quite the opposite, side effects in produktala very little), but because of the disease, for which he was appointed is very serious and can not be treated independently.

Preductal prescribed for coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis develops in the background. At the same time the coronary vessels as "clogged" atherosclerotic plaques that the slightest spasm causes complete cessation of blood flow to the heart muscle. No power is instantly very strong pain in my heart Pain in the heart - always consult a doctor   - Angina Angina - oxygen deficiency . When prolonged attacks may occur necrosis of the heart muscle - Myocardial infarction. Preductal prevents attacks of angina and myocardial infarction. But if the attack has already started, it is necessary to remove it take nitroglycerin: preduktal not dilates coronary vessels.

Preductal also nominated for violations of the hearing aid of vascular origin. In this case, against the background of cerebrovascular accident in a patient may appear hearing impairment, tinnitus, dizziness, and so on. Admission preductal for two weeks reduces all these phenomena.

Exactly the same changes on the background of cerebral circulation can be observed on the part of the organ of vision. They may be accompanied by a decrease in vision and headaches. All these symptoms are reduced after taking preductal.

Preductal available in tablets of 20 mg and 35 mg (preduktal CF). Take preduktal on tablet two or three times a day with meals. Preductal CF take a tablet twice a day, and during the meal. Taking these drugs should be long, since after only two weeks of treatment with a positive effect can be seen. The duration of treatment depends on the individual and determined by the physician.

In some cases, preduktal contraindicated

Preductal contraindicated if you are hypersensitive drug. In all other cases, the contraindications associated with the fact that on certain groups of patients in clinical trials have not been conducted. So, during pregnancy preduktal can not be used, despite the fact that in vitro (in animal studies) showed no teratogenic (ability to cause fetal abnormalities) of the drug.

During feeding baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice   breast contraindications related to the fact that there is no data on the allocation of preductal with human milk. For children up to 18 years, patients with impaired liver and kidney functions were not conducted clinical trials.

Rare side effects preductal known allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Preductal - an effective and non-toxic medicament.

Galina Romanenko

Concor is a drug that lowers blood pressure, relaxes the blood vessels and reduces the heart rate. This highly effective drug that is taken only by a physician after all the necessary diagnostic tests.

What blockers

Biologically active substance adrenaline and noradrenaline plays an important role in the human body. These are called stress hormones How to beat stress? Create an oasis Since they have an activating effect on all organs and systems, preparing them for an attack: the heart rate speeds up, blood vessels constrict, bronchial tubes, on the contrary, are expanding (the body under stress requires extra oxygen), blood pressure rises. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters, ie a substance which is transmitted via the nervous excitement of the nerve cells. The mediator interacts with specific receptors which is susceptible to a substance. There are four types of adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1 and beta-2) located in different organs. For example, beta 1-adrenergic receptors located in the heart, and beta-2 - in the lungs.

In some diseases of the cardiovascular system are narrowed blood vessels, increases blood pressure, quickens the heartbeat - all this seriously affects the general health of patients. Such patients are often prescribed drugs that block the flow of adrenaline to beta1- adrenergic receptors, which are called selective beta1-blockers. Selectivity (selectivity) are called because they inhibit only one type of adrenergic receptor - beta-1.

The mechanism of action Concor

Concor (INN - bisoprolol) - is a highly selective beta1-blocker prolonged action, which is available in tablets of the Swiss pharmaceutical company Nycomed. Preventing the ingress of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the adrenergic receptors beta1-, Concor suppressed conductivity and excitability of the myocardium, reduces blood pressure, restores the correct heart rate and dilates coronary vessels.

Lowering blood pressure is associated with a decrease in cardiac output, expansion of coronary vessels is due to a decrease in the need of the heart muscle of oxygen, the heart rhythm is restored by removing the factors causing the breach.

If you take the drug at the recommended doses, it does not affect the organs containing beta2-adrenergic receptors (eg, bronchi). At high doses the effect on these receptors may occur, especially in the appearance of bronchoconstriction.

The drug is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream, where it comes into the tissue, and then output part unchanged, partly after decomposition products of metabolism in the liver through the kidneys.

Indications and contraindications for the appointment of Concor

Concor is prescribed for the following diseases:

• hypertension (high blood pressure);
• coronary heart disease with angina;
• chronic cardiovascular disease.

Admission Concor is contraindicated in:

• in acute cardiovascular insufficiency;
• in chronic cardiovascular disease decompensated (where there is already serious violations that can not be compensated);
• in cardiogenic shock caused by the disruption of the heart;
• in the collapse of a sharp sudden drop in blood pressure;
• blockade of transmission of nerve excitation from the atria to the ventricles (atrio-ventricular block II and III) and some other types of blockades;
• with a sharp decrease in heart rate below 50 bpm;
• with very low blood pressure (the upper pressure below 90 mm Hg. Art.)
• in severe asthma;
• in severe forms of peripheral circulatory disorders;
• the sudden metabolic disorders (metabolic acidosis), occurs against a background of severe diseases of internal organs;
• while taking certain medications (MAOIs);
• at the age of 18;
• in case of hypersensitivity to the drug.

With care use in patients with severe liver and kidney diseases in violation of their functions, increased thyroid function, diabetes, certain types of angina, depression Depression - a little more than a bad mood , Psoriasis, and in old age. During pregnancy and lactation Concor is applied only after careful weighing of the risks, as beta-blockers may reduce blood flow to the placenta.

Side effects that may occur while taking Concor

• from the heart - reducing the heart rate, a sharp drop in blood pressure, peripheral circulatory disorders, deterioration of the heart muscle;
• the central nervous system - dizziness, headache, fatigue, drowsiness, depression; sometimes - hallucinations, convulsions;
• side view - blurred vision, conjunctivitis, lacrimation decrease;
• by broncho-pulmonary system - bronchospasm;
• from the gastrointestinal tract - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, dry mouth, and sometimes - liver dysfunction;
• on the part of the musculoskeletal system - muscle weakness, cramps in the calf muscles, joint pain Joint pain - how to understand what is going on? ;
• on the part of the reproductive system - impotence Impotence - a female perspective on the problem ;
• from the blood - reducing the number of granular white blood cells (low immunity) and platelets (bleeding);
• allergic and skin reactions such as rashes, excessive sweating, and baldness.

Assigns konkor doctor.

Galina Romanenko