- Angina - oxygen deficiency
- First aid
Angina begins when the heart muscle does not get enough oxygen. The main symptom of angina attack - a squeezing pain in the chest
Chest pain is one symptom - a lot of diseases
Which usually appears in the chest and then may start to be given to the arms, shoulders, neck, jaw or back. I feel the pain may resemble heartburn or indigestion, but many patients say that it is difficult to describe, and they can not tell exactly where it is localized.
Symptoms of angina attack
There may be signs of an attack and angina such as nausea, weakness, shortness of breath, heavy sweating, dizziness. Women during the attack more often than men feel discomfort in the neck, jaw, back or stomach. In particular often complain of shortness of breath suffering from angina, the elderly and people with diabetes.
Sometimes, in older people because of the extreme weakness, severe dizziness, and confusion other symptoms of angina are less pronounced, and it is important not to ignore symptoms, and time to help the patient.
Symptoms of angina may depend on whether a particular form of the disorder in the patient developed.
In stable angina
Stable angina - one of the manifestations of coronary heart disease
chest pain appears when increasing the load on the heart, usually during physical activity or during stress.
The attack, if not the first, the patient does not become a surprise - the pain always occurs under certain loads, and all attacks occur about the same. Typical stable angina attack lasts less than five minutes, his symptoms quickly subside after the patient stops the activity that led to the attack, or taking medication. The manifestations of this form of angina are often similar to the symptoms of indigestion or gas formation strengthened, while violations of the pain is often given in the arms, back and other parts of the body.
In unstable angina attacks can occur after minor physical activity, mild to moderate stress and at rest.
Patients with this type of violation of angina attacks at night, during sleep, are also not uncommon. Predict when an attack will happen next, it is practically impossible, and manifestations of unstable angina patient is always caught by surprise. The attacks are usually more severe than in stable stenokradii and last longer - up to half an hour; their symptoms are not always begin to subside after medication. Over time, the attacks may become more difficult, and in some cases they are harbingers of impending heart attack.
For variant angina
Variant angina - severe and under-studied form
(aka - Prinzmetal angina) characterized by seizures at rest, including - at night and early morning. They occur with severe symptoms, but it is soon cut off, as a rule - for two to five minutes. Relief of this type of angina attack nitroglycerin almost always gives a quick result - as opposed to unstable angina
Unstable angina - alarm organism
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Microvascular angina attacks are more severe and last longer than episodes of violation of any other species. They can start in the absence of obvious precipitating factors (e.g., exercise), or in periods of more or less severe stress. The attack may be accompanied by symptoms such as shortness of breath, difficulty sleeping, lack of energy.
Prevention of angina attacks
After the first episode of angina patients carefully examined, then it is assigned a treatment that will prevent new attacks or at least make them more rare as possible.
The patient needs to know what level of physical activity leads to attack, and to pause to rest before the heart begins to lack oxygen. For example, if the chest pain you get when you pass the six flights of stairs, stop after the third flight, and take rest. If the pain is still there, immediately take nitroglycerin.
Patients are also advised to avoid or limit the effects of stressors. Often make it very difficult, because stressful situations occur regularly at work and at home - that is where we spend most of the time. Try to follow the old, but always true advice: change your attitude to things that you can not change. Always remember that stress can lead to an attack, and regularly ask yourself what is more important: their own health or dispute with a colleague or boss. Besides, in most cases it is possible to avoid conflict and simply ignore the many little nuances of everyday life that so often cause irritation. To remove the accumulated stress, it is useful to engage in sports (in moderation, as mentioned above), as well as find time for relaxation.
Patients diagnosed with angina, it is not recommended to eat at once hearty and abuse of heavy food. The optimum diet for them includes four to six meals a day, in small portions.
Finally, the patient must know how to remove angina exactly how you need to take nitroglycerin (or another drug), and when to call an ambulance. Recommendations in the event of heavy attack should be given and the members of his family.
