Women after 35 years begins to gradually decrease the secretion of female hormones estrogen. Estrogens promote the development of the body of the female type, maintain the good condition of the skin and its appendages (hair and nails), and a positive effect on all the other organs and systems. Reduction of estrogen leads to an aging woman.

The action of hormonal contraceptives on a woman's body

All modern hormonal contraceptives are combined, they contain synthetic or natural analogues of both female hormones - estrogen and progesterone. A large number of sex hormones affects the allocation of pituitary hormones - is reduced. And since under the influence of pituitary hormones matures the egg and ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? This process is inhibited, the egg is not released from the ovary and fertilization occurs.

In addition, hormonal contraceptives cause effects such as thickening of the mucus of the cervical canal (it does not pass into the uterus sperm) and changing the status of the uterine mucosa (fertilized ovum it difficult to implement).

Current hormonal contraceptives usually contain a minimum dose of hormones that can suppress the secretion of pituitary hormones. Therefore, they are usually very well tolerated and produce few side effects.

Today, we try to produce hormonal contraceptives for different ages. The hormonal contraceptives for very young women (lindinet 20 Jess) they contain less estrogen (in young women and so they generated sufficient) which are able to increase the weight of the body and cause edema (which can further enhance the symptoms, such as premenstrual syndrome) .

Lindinet 30

The composition of this monophase hormonal (all dosage tablets contain the same hormones, which creates one phase of the menstrual cycle) combined contraceptive estrogen include ethinyl estradiol analogue at a dose of 30 mg progesterone analogue and gestodene in a dose of 75 micrograms. In addition to the relatively high content of estrogen (30 mcg, 20 mcg against Lindinet 20 and Jess) lindinet 30 different active synthetic analogue of progesterone, which is superior in activity as natural progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology And the other of its synthetic analogues, can therefore be used in smaller doses - this reduces the possibility of side effects.

Lindinet 30 is assigned as to the purpose of contraceptive and therapeutic. He shows, for example, a tendency to bleeding woman. Of course, this drug can only be assigned to fully examined women, including those with an established cause of bleeding. Independently, without a doctor's recommendation and a preliminary examination of women can not take it. Proizvolitel this hormonal kntratseptiva - Hungarian pharmaceutical company Gedeon Richter.

Klayra

It is also a low-dose combined hormonal contraceptive. But unlike lindinet 30, Yasmin, Janine, regulon and some other low-dose oral contraceptive for older women, it is a four-phase, i.e. comprises four kinds of tablets with the hormones to different dosage and another kind of tablets, which do not contain hormones (placebo) . This reduces the dosage of hormones, which, respectively, and reduces the incidence of side effects.

Another feature klayry is that it is composed of not synthetic, and natural analogue of estrogen - estradiol valerate. This preparation gives significantly fewer complications from liver than synthetic analogs of progesterone. Contained in klayre synthetic analogue of progesterone dienogest has some anti-androgenic properties. Perfectly complementing each other, these drugs have a positive effect on metabolism Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting Lowering blood concentration of low-density lipoprotein, which lead to the formation of atherosclerosis.

Indications and contraindications klayry are the same as in the rest of similar drugs. Side effects of this drug provides very rarely, but still in front of his adaptations must be examined. Releases klayru German pharmaceutical concern Schering.

Women after 35 years is especially important to take hormonal contraceptives as intended and under medical supervision, because with age, the number of contraindications to taking these drugs increases.

Galina Romanenko

Currently, there are many ways of preventing unwanted pregnancy. Naturally, each contraceptive method has its advantages and disadvantages, indications and contraindications. In modern society, more and more popular hormonal contraceptives. They are represented in different embodiments. It can be a tablet, injection, or subcutaneous implants. Hormonal injections - one of the most convenient methods of contraception. Furthermore, they can also be used for therapeutic purposes. Usually this type of contraception resorted mature women. This is usually explained by the high percentage of diseases in later reproductive years.

Hormone injections

Hormonal injections - a way of hormonal contraception, in which drugs are administered parenterally. Hormonal injections are prolonged contraception drugs. There are two types of hormone injections:

• progestogen contraceptives (containing progestogen only);
• injection preparations containing a combination of estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health   and progestin.

Progestogen drugs are administered intramuscularly (in the buttocks) every 12 weeks (three months). Combined injectable use once a month (every four weeks). Progestogen combination drugs are used more frequently. The most famous progestogen drug - is Depo-Provera, a single injection containing 150 mg of active substance. Unlike injectable hormone tablets by the fact that they are derived from the slow muscular depot. This allows you to use them less often.

The mechanism of action of injectable progestational

The contraceptive effect of Depo-Provera consists of three points. The first point is the local (local) impact on ovarian function, which causes almost 100% of the total blockade of ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? . The second point made by affecting the cervical mucus, which manifests an increase in its viscosity and obstructs the passage of sperm. The third point involves effects on the endometrium. In the endometrium occur morphological and biochemical changes, unfavorable for implantation of the egg. In addition, Depo-Provera affects the corpus luteum, causing it to reverse the development and reduces the contractile activity of the fallopian tubes. It becomes clear that Depo-Provera can be used during breastfeeding.

Contraindications to the use of Depo-Provera

Despite the ease of use, Depo-Provera contraindicated in the following cases:

• bleeding from the genital tract with an unknown cause (suspected cancer of the genitals);
• pregnancy (before the introduction of the drug is mandatory to exclude pregnancy);
• in the case of violations of blood coagulation or anticoagulation;
• in the case of delivery less than two months ago (Depo-Provera retards healing of the wound surface in the uterus);
• depression (possible deterioration during treatment with Depo-Provera);
• genital cancers in history.

Benefits of using Depo-Provera

The apparent advantage of this method of contraception is its high contraceptive efficacy. Furthermore, the use of Depo-Provera very convenient, since the injection should be done three months, and the tablets should be taken each day. Depo-Provera is a wonderful alternative to the combined oral drugs in case of contraindications to it. Among other things, Depo-Provera reduces the risk of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs (due to the increased viscosity of the cervical mucus) and ectopic pregnancy. The drug does not pass through the liver, which reduces the amount of metabolic disorders. Depo-Provera as a contraceptive agent, particularly indicated for women with endometriosis in premenopausal Premenopausal women - one step in a woman's life .

Disadvantages of the drug

A disadvantage of injecting progestogens, including Depo-Provera are amenorrhea The absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) - ambiguous symptom   and the possibility of acyclic bleeding of varying intensity. Also, the inability to quickly launch Depo-Provera, which may cause a delay in restoring fertility to 5-7 months.

Anna Sozinova