In the medical literature of the last century, it is often called into question the very possibility of the healing of any bacteria in the stomach. This is explained by the fact that the concentration of corrosive hydrochloric acid in the stomach is quite high and dissolves, among other things, and germs. However, in 1982, Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, scientists from Australia, made a revolutionary discovery in the field of medicine, in which became clear the root cause gastric diseases - the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), the ability to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach.
The main culprit - microbe
Many people, having a gastroscopy
Gastroscopy - when they look inside
- A method of examination of the gastric mucosa - and learned from a doctor that they had discovered gastritis, often lightly waving his hand: "Gastritis, it is all there," he says, the problem is not great. However, gastritis, quite a serious illness and close to his eyes can not. Not only that, gastritis leads to malabsorption of a number of nutrients and vitamins needed by the body. But also, gastritis, anemia
Anemia - when you do not have enough blood
(anemia) because the stomach stops producing factor involved in hematopoiesis (antianemic factor Castle). In addition, against gastritis (subacid gastritis), gastric tumors can develop.
If you there is a sensation of pressure and fullness in the region nadzheludochnoy after eating, heartburn, nausea and sometimes dull pain, decreased appetite, unpleasant taste in the mouth, it is likely that this gastritis. Its occurrence is influenced by many factors ranging from eating disorders to a genetic predisposition to the disease. However, most often the cause of gastritis and stomach ulcers, and subsequently, is an infection of the microbe Helicobacter pylori.
Generally, two possible transmission paths: the fecal-oral and, to a lesser extent, the oral-oral. The most common: the fecal-oral route. The bacterium is transmitted through contaminated drinking water or by eating raw vegetables, which are used for watering the untreated waste water. It can be safely attributed catering, with its poorly washed dishes, as well as the unknown of what to do, salads. Oro-oral route is less common, but the medical data have a high survival on Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva. Often, the cause of infection by this bacterium is a failure to comply with the rules of personal hygiene. Wash your hands before eating! - For the bacterium Helicobacter pylori resides in the stomach for a long time, and the treatment takes its eradication is only 80-90%.
If the disease is not properly treated, complications develop. The fact is that the breeding, the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is capable of destroying the cells of the stomach. Namely, release of harmful substances causes chronic inflammation and lead to gastritis. The weakening of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenal ulcers, and contributes to the emergence of an increased risk of stomach cancer
Stomach cancer: genetics and lifestyle
. That is why it is imperative to treat gastritis. Usually, in such cases, after the diagnosis is accurate and etiology of the disease, the course is conducted so-called eradication therapy - a modern method of treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer.
As a primary prevention of gastritis recommended a full and balanced diet, adherence to diet, abstinence from alcoholic beverages, smoking. It is necessary to monitor the condition of the oral cavity, promptly treat diseases of other organs of the abdominal cavity. Patients with chronic gastritis, especially with low acidity, should be at the dispensary and comprehensively surveyed at least twice a year.
True, there is another type of chronic gastritis. Such diseases are less common, and their origin is not associated with infection Helicobacter pylori. In such cases, the causes are typically other diseases and immune processes in the body, as well as smoking, malnutrition, receiving toxic and irritating the stomach wall substances (drugs, alcohol), metabolic disorders in the body (e.g., diabetes) .
When it's time to sound the alarm
Signs of different forms of gastritis are generally identical. And in the case where they are found, and the visit to the doctor - gastroenterologist delayed, this leads to the aggravating effects of gastric ulcer. Recognize where "even gastritis" and where "already plague" - are often feasible only on the basis of gastroscopy, for the symptoms of these diseases are quite similar. First of all - it's a pain (especially characterized by pain on an empty stomach in the morning) in the epigastric region. Heartburn. An unpleasant sour taste in the mouth, nausea
Nausea - there may be problems with the nervous system
And sometimes vomiting. Treatment of stomach ulcers is very difficult and involves several steps, such as:
- the elimination of the factors that led to the disease (destruction or Helicobacter pylori eradication prevents ulcer recurrence)
- drug therapy
- nutritional care
- various physiotherapy, laser therapy, magnetic therapy, etc.
During acute illness require hospitalization for treatment in a hospital, which lasts until scarring ulcers, much more efficient and allows maximum self lengthen the intervals between exacerbations. However, after leaving the hospital, the patient is still in the period of three months should be treated on an outpatient basis. Long nonhealing ulcers require surgical intervention. During the operation, there is a removal of the affected part of the stomach, and to reduce gastric acidity cut the number of nerve branches.
Prevention of gastric ulcers is to reduce the number of exacerbations.
To do this, you must follow some rules:
- diet (excluded from the diet spicy, fatty and salty foods)
- limit alcohol consumption (at the time of treatment to give up completely)
- stop smoking
- taking anti-ulcer drugs (especially in spring and autumn)
- visit the doctor-gastroenterologist 1 - 2 times a year
It should also be noted that approximately 30% of gastric ulcers are not a consequence of infection by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, but due to the corrosive effect of the drugs such as aspirin, as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In these ulcers when there is no infection by bacteria, treatment is carried out only with the lowering drugs acidity.
The main threat to H. pylori is a bacterium that this predisposes to such changes in the stomach, which, as scientists say, cause cancer of the stomach
. On this basis, we can definitely say that the most "trivial" gastritis, and is the first alarm, which many, unfortunately, do not pay attention
. The fact that the bacterium can exist for a long time in the body and could not in practice be
. However, sometimes it is enough occurrence of one of the risk factors, such as the power of rhythm disturbances, emotional stress, increased acidity, as immediately begin more developed ulcers or stomach cancer
. It is believed that in Russia today, the bacterium Helicobacter pylori infected almost 100% of the population, but accurate statistics on gastric diseases there is no
. However, today, it is not difficult to destroy Helicobacter body
. Therefore, the high statistics of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer - is primarily a consequence of disregard for their health
. As long as the average person is not aware that the health of burn - it means to burn his life, the situation is unlikely to change for the better
.
Vladimir Burylin
