Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

November 19th, 2012

 hormonal treatments for endometriosis
 The treatment of endometriosis must be comprehensive and long held. Eliminate endometrioid pockets is practically impossible, but spent therapy allows to stop severe pain, regulates the menstrual cycle and increases a woman's chances of getting pregnant. Traditional treatment of endometriosis is conducted with the help of medication or surgical (laparoscopic) surgery. Particularly noteworthy are hormones that are prescribed for endometriosis Endometriosis - a serious problem with serious consequences  Endometriosis - a serious problem with serious consequences
 . Hormone therapy is pathogenetically justified, affects the mechanism of the disease and prevent the progression of endometrial lesions.

 Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

Hormone therapy for endometriosis

Antiendometrioidnye drugs are anti-hormones that inhibit the system of regulation of reproductive function at various levels, starting with the ending of the hypothalamus and target organs. This action is carried out:

  • by inhibiting the biosynthesis of endogenous (own) Gomonov organism;
  • neutralizing the effect of hormones in the circulating blood by specific antibodies;
  • competitive intervention of exogenous hormones on the level of the target cells by blocking their receptors.

Among a wide variety of hormonal preparations Hormonal treatments - not only contraceptives  Hormonal treatments - not only contraceptives
 Which is used to treat endometriosis, the following groups:

  • combined estrogen-progestin drugs (oral contraceptives);
  • progestins;
  • antiestrogens;
  • inhibitors of gonadotropins;
  • GnRH agonists.

 Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

Estrogen-progestin preparations

Drugs in this class include a combination of synthetic estrogen and progesterone analogues. Mechanism of therapeutic action associated with oral contraceptive suppression of gonadotropin-releasing factor and, as a consequence, blocking the secretion of FSH and cyclic luteinizing hormone. This leads to the formation of anovulatory cycles. The ovaries in patients receiving oral contraceptives decrease in size, contain a greater number of follicles atrezirovannyh and are characterized by structural changes that are inherent in premenopausal. The direct effect of estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health  Estrogen - the key to bone health
 -gestagennyh preparations manifested in the fact that in the context of their admission is not the response of the ovaries. Oral contraceptives taken continuously (without week break), which creates an artificial menopause, and helps to slow down the process.

 Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

Progestin

Progestins (progestogens pure) - a synthetic compound that acts by a mechanism similar to natural progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology  Progesterone - norm and pathology
 . There are two groups of progestins: hydroxyprogesterone derivatives (medroxyprogesterone Hlormadion) and derivatives of 19-nortestosterone (Levonorgestrel, Norgestrel, norethisterone). Synthetic progestogens actively bind to ER and PgR in target tissues, thus releasing the androgen receptors, i.e. have a direct anti-estrogenic effect and antiprogesteronovym.

 Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

Antiestrogens

Tamoxifen is a nonsteroidal compound that possesses agonistic and antagonistic activity towards estrogen. Tamoxifen antiestrogen effect attributed to blocking estrogen-dependent receptors in target cells, as well as to the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis.

 Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

Inhibitors of gonadotropins

Preparations of this group is Danazol. The effect of danazol is manifested in the development of an artificial menopause. The drug has antigonadotropnym action blocks the release of FSH and luteinizing hormone, inhibits the formation of sex hormones in the ovaries, binds androgen and progesterone receptors in the endometrium and inhibits the proliferative and secretory activity of the endometrial lesions.

 Hormonal treatments for endometriosis - a barrier to progression

Agonists gonadotrin-releasing hormone

The use of synthetic agonists of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (Zoladex, Sinarel, Dekaptil) leads to the development of medical "castration". Drugs in this group inhibit the production of gonadotropins by blocking receptors in the anterior pituitary. As a result, ovarian steroidogenesis sharply reduced, and the level of sex hormones in the blood of postmenopausal correspondence.

Anna Sozinova


Article Tags:
  • treatment of endometriosis

Endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis - an excess of estrogen

June 20, 2013

 endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis
 Hyperplasia endometrial cancer and endometriosis have the same underlying cause - excess female hormone estrogen. Estrogens promote proliferation of the inner uterine mucosa (endometrium), which leads to the formation of precancerous disease endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial proliferation of sites in other organs and tissues (endometriosis).

 Endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis - an excess of estrogen

Causes of endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis

Hyperplasia (overgrowth) of the endometrium occurs in disorders of the first half of the menstrual cycle due to an excess of female hormones estrogen under the influence of which the endometrium is growing rapidly and is long (proliferation phase).

Typically, this condition is accompanied by a lack of the female hormone second half of the menstrual cycle, progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology  Progesterone - norm and pathology
 That normally should suppress proliferation and promote secretion phase when endometrial cells starts to separate secret prepares the uterus for the introduction of an embryo. If this occurs, the endometrium continues to increase for a long time (extension of the first phase of the menstrual cycle and rare menses). Then sprawling rejected the endometrium, which is accompanied by a strong menstrual bleeding with significant blood loss. In some cases, estrogen allocated waves for a long time, resulting in not so abundant but prolonged bleeding.

Endometrial hyperplasia occurs under the influence of various factors, disruptive neuroendocrine system cerebral cortex - the hypothalamus - pituitary - ovary. It may be difficult neuro-psychological stress, stress, traumatic brain injury, diseases of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, endocrine diseases (eg, obesity, diabetes), gynecological infectious-inflammatory processes, uterine fibroids, polycystic ovarian disease, abortion, conditions after gynecological surgery and so on.

At the heart of endometriosis are the same reasons. When rejection overgrown endometrial bleeding and there is a strong cast of individual cells of the endometrium with the blood flow to various organs and tissues where they grow and follow the same cyclical changes as the rest of the endometrium. But in order to develop endometriosis, hormonal disorders few, should also be an immunity. The fact that in normal casting endometrial cells into the surrounding tissue occurs very often, but the immune system destroys the cells, preventing them to get accustomed to other tissues. Only when the immune system is not working, developing endometriosis.

 Endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis - an excess of estrogen

Signs

Endometrial hyperplasia is manifested in the form of rare very strong menstrual bleeding or not such plentiful, but prolonged bleeding (menorrhagia). Sometimes it can occur and bleeding not related to the menstrual cycle - metrorrhagia. Regular blood loss leading to iron-deficiency anemia, which is manifested by weakness, fatigue, decreased performance, paleness, headaches, dizziness, fainting.

Most women with endometrial hyperplasia menstrual disorders in the form of bleeding combined with infertility and other endocrine diseases (obesity, diabetes, thyroid disease), as well as high blood pressure, and impaired liver function.

For endometriosis also characterized by menorrhagia Menorrhagia (menorrhagia) - excessive blood loss  Menorrhagia (menorrhagia) - excessive blood loss
   and metrorrhagia, but, in addition, endometriosis is always accompanied by severe pain in the abdomen Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm?  Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm?
   during menstruation and bleeding. Regular blood loss leading to iron-deficiency anemia.

 Endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis - an excess of estrogen

Diagnostics

If you suspect endometrial hyperplasia Hyperplasia endometrial cancer - requires timely detection and treatment  Hyperplasia endometrial cancer - requires timely detection and treatment
   or endometriosis held:

  • gynecological examination;
  • ultrasonography (US) of the pelvic organs, including the uterus and its appendages, both through the anterior abdominal wall and using a vaginal probe; it reveals abnormal proliferation of the mucous membrane of the uterus, and changes in other organs;
  • blood analysis on hormones;
  • hysteroscopy - endoscopic examination using an optical instrument (hysteroscope), allows for multiple increase good look at the structure of the uterine mucosa and take a small piece of tissue from the most suspicious areas for histological examination to exclude malignancy; A similar study can be performed using a laparoscope, which is inserted through a small hole on the anterior abdominal wall;
  • hysterosalpingography - x-ray of the uterus with appendages using a contrast agent, which allows to estimate the extent of endometriosis in the wall of the uterus and the fallopian tubes, as well as to assess the degree of tubal patency;
  • magnetic resonance or computed tomography (CT or MRI).

Galina Romanenko


Article Tags:
  • endometriosis




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