Menstrual cycle and its characteristics - Key issues

The main problems of the menstrual cycle

It is believed that the normal menstrual cycle lasts, on average, twenty-eight days, ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   It occurs regularly, and menstrual bleeding continued for three to seven days. However, the problems associated with the menstrual cycle are not insured by any one woman. Although in some cases a violation of the periodicity of the menstrual cycle - a phenomenon quite harmless, often irregular menstruation - a sign of more serious health problems of women.

Painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea)

Some pain during menstruation is quite natural - they are the cause of uterine contractions during menstruation. Relieve pain helps a variety of means - from physical activity, normalize blood circulation, to painkillers, which can advise the pharmacist. However, if the pain is so intense that it begins to affect the daily routine, you should consult your doctor.

In case there are several options dysmenorrhea alleviate symptoms, including - hormones and intrauterine system.

Excessive bleeding (menorrhagia)

The duration and intensity of menstrual bleeding - especially individual performance, but if menstrual bleeding profusely so that causes discomfort and begins to have a negative impact on life, there are several treatment options.

First of all, when it detects signs of menorrhagia should consult a doctor who will help determine the cause of heavy menstrual bleeding with the help of blood tests and other methods.

There are several basic ways to treat menorrhagia Menorrhagia (menorrhagia) - excessive blood loss , Including:

• Some types of hormonal contraceptives, including tablets, injections, suppositories
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Progestogen (drugs - synthetic versions of progesterone)

In some cases where conventional treatments do not help, it is recommended to treat menorrhagia surgery (surgical intervention is necessary if menorrhagia caused by problems with the uterus, including the formation of fibroids). In the most severe cases, surgery may be needed not only for the removal of structures, but also for the removal of the uterus.

Irregular menstruation

Typically the duration of menstruation period is two to seven days - average menstrual bleeding continues for five days. In some cases, however, the frequency of the cycle can be broken - the gap between periods, intensity and duration of menstrual bleeding vary. The reasons for irregular menstruation can be many - from the banal stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis   or wrong way of life to more serious problems with the reproductive system.

The absence of menstruation (amenorrhea)

The absence of menstruation, as a rule, it is a symptom of an illness. In some cases, however, the absence of menstruation is associated with rapid weight loss.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

It is believed that the appearance of the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome provokes changes in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. Not all women experience PMS, and even women who regularly suffer from premenstrual syndrome, its basic symptoms can vary.

In the most severe cases of premenstrual syndrome may adversely poyavliyat on the personal and professional lives of women, complicate its communication with others. Among the most common symptoms of PMS include:

• Mood swings
• Irritability
• Depression
• Headache
• Abdominal distention
• Increased breast tenderness

PMS symptoms occur and increase gradually during the second half of the menstrual cycle, and after the menses become less visible, and finally disappear. In some cases, you can alleviate the symptoms of PMS by making certain changes in lifestyle - for example, keeping a balanced and healthy diet, avoid alcohol and caffeine. In addition, to cope with premenstrual syndrome, and various additives help - for example, studies show that in alleviating the symptoms of PMS useful and magnesium fatty acid omega-6 group.

In some cases, to suppress the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome may be used:

• Combined contraceptive pills
• Certain antidepressants

Sometimes the symptoms of PMS confused with the effects of a certain psychological state - in this case, even after the end of menstruation symptoms persist and require assistance for the treatment of a psychotherapist.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis - abnormal cell proliferation of endometrial lining of the uterus. Usually suffer from endometriosis pelvis, ovaries, fallopian tubes.

During the menstrual cycle under the influence of hormones begins the process of oocyte maturation, and at the same time - a thickening of the uterine lining. If the egg is not fertilized by sperm, the endometrium breaks down and is gradually emerging from the body with the menstrual bleeding. Endometrial cells in other parts of the body are destroyed, which causes inflammation, pain, scarring of tissues.

Not all women suffer from the symptoms of endometriosis, but the main group of symptoms of the disease include:

• Painful, heavy menstrual bleeding, a violation of the periodicity of menstruation
• Pain during or after sex
• Possibility of issue extinct
• Bowel problems

Of course, the appearance of one or more of these symptoms does not mean it is the presence of endometriosis, so for an accurate diagnosis in such cases, a special procedure - laparoscopy.

The main ways to treat endometriosis include:

• Painkillers
• Hormonal treatments - such as a progestogen, a synthetic analogue of progesterone
• Hormonal contraceptives - birth control pills, contraceptive patch, spiral
• Drugs that inhibit the production of the hormone in a woman's estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health   and for a certain period of time causing a state of menopause

In particularly serious cases, removal of structures caused by endometriosis require surgery. In some cases, it may be a consequence of endometriosis infertility.