"Monthly - a necessary evil" - considered by many women and fundamentally wrong. In fact, when God created woman, he made it more perfect than men. The menstrual cycle is a kind of biological clock, the duration of which various deviations from the norm (lengthening or shortening, the changing nature of menstruation, etc.) may be suspected problems not only in the woman's reproductive system, but also throughout the body. But in order to better navigate in their menstrual cycle, you need a calendar month. This calendar helps solve a lot of problems associated with menstruation, and should be conducted every woman.

Menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle - a periodic change in a woman's body, which affect not only the genital organs, but also all the others. The menstrual cycle consists of four phases: follicular, ovulatory, and luteal deskvamatsionnoy. Duration of the menstrual cycle is determined on the first day before the first day of menstruation following. The length of the menstrual cycle, each woman is individual and is normally 21-35 days (median 28 days).

During the menstrual cycle, there is a maturing of the follicle, leaving it "finished" egg (ovulation) and prepare the endometrium for implantation (in the case of an event of conception). If fertilization has occurred, the desquamation phase begins, or menstruation, during which the rejection of the functional layer of endometrium.

Ovulation occurs on average in the middle of the menstrual cycle, for example, if the cycle is 28 days, ovulation to occur on the 14th day. Knowing the time of ovulation, it is possible to calculate the so-called "dangerous" and "safe" days of the menstrual cycle.

Calendar of menstruation

Calendar month - a kind of women's calendar, which helps to determine the length of the menstrual cycle, the nature of menstruation (their duration, the amount allocated to the blood), the day of ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   and time of the next menstrual period. In a simplified version of the woman herself can make a calendar for a piece of paper, which will be marked not only the days of the menstrual cycle The days of the menstrual cycle: Four phases , Including menses, and nature of the discharge. Calendar month will help:

• determine the date of the last menstrual period and the date of the next;
• calculate the day of ovulation (for successful conception);
• calculate "dangerous" and "safe" days to protect against unwanted pregnancy (suitable only for women with regular menstrual cycles);
• provide all necessary information about the menstrual cycle, your doctor;
• the expected date of birth in the case of the ensuing pregnancy;
• days of premenstrual syndrome (in advance to prepare for the future "trouble");
• to determine the basal temperature, followed by the construction schedule;
• plan the sex of the baby (it is believed that the "male" sperm more active than the "female", and if the sexual act occurred on the day of ovulation, then we should expect a boy);
• calendar is essential for the diagnosis of infertility (together with the schedule of basal temperature);
• and finally monitor their menstrual cycle.

The days of the menstrual cycle

Calendar month will help keep track of the days of the menstrual cycle and resolve problems:

• 1-2 days of the menstrual cycle

Woman experiencing aching pain in the lower abdomen or back pain, headaches, irritability, fatigue. May cause nausea and lack of appetite.

• 3-6 days of the menstrual cycle

Overall condition returns to normal, feeling fine.

• 7-11 days

The woman continues to enjoy life. This period coincides with the "safe" days, you can not protect themselves. The optimum time to go to the gynecologist.

• 12-15 days of the menstrual cycle

The period of ovulation. Woman gets naughty and flirty, passionate and loving. The ideal time for conception.

• 18-22 days of the menstrual cycle

Life is beautiful, the mood is excellent.

• 23-28 days of the menstrual cycle

Begin to appear symptom of premenstrual syndrome: mood swings, irritability Irritability - you try to control my temper , Tearfulness. Nagrubayut and become breast tenderness, swelling of the feet are possible Swelling of the legs - do not leave without attention .

Anna Sozinova

The menstrual cycle is one of the most delicate and sensitive mechanisms in the female body. That is how the menstrual cycle occurs, it depends on the ability of women to bear children. Violations of the menstrual cycle can cause a lot of factors, such as stress, chronic and acute diseases, pathology of the reproductive system, and more. Equally important for the menstrual cycle has a body weight of women. As a rule, as insufficient and overweight accompanied by menstrual irregularities. It is known that in the developed countries of Obesity (overweight), affects more than 25% of the population. World Health Organization, there was a trend of increasing body weight with each subsequent year.

Being overweight or obese

Obesity is nothing else but an excess of adipose tissue in the body. Overweight is considered excess body weight more than 15% of normal. The factors that lead to overweight include: genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors (overeating or lack of exercise), various hormonal disorders (including diabetes mellitus), the environmental situation. Obesity (overweight) increases the risk of various diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease Pathology of the cardiovascular system, etc.). Furthermore, being overweight is not only menstrual dysfunction, but also causes anovulation (no ovulation) and, consequently, infertility.

Violation of the menstrual cycle when overweight

Body weight plays a big role in the formation of menstrual function. It is known that adipose tissue is involved in regulation of the menstrual cycle, since it is also synthesized by the female hormones - estrogens. Overweight in adolescent girls can lead to earlier puberty Puberty child - stages of a complex path In particular, the early onset of menses.

The increased amount of adipose tissue (more than 15-20%) causes disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system. Obesity may be a factor in the emergence of polycystic ovary syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by irregular menstrual rhythm, endocrine infertility, excessive hair growth, alopecia (hair loss on the head), seborrhea and acne. Polycystic ovary syndrome, which occurs in obesity, is associated with the conversion of excess estrogen produced in adipose tissue to androgens (male sex hormones).

If you have a lot of excess weight (about five to six times) more often observed menstrual disorders such as oligomenorrhea Oligomenorrhea - too short menstruation   (infrequent menstruation) and amenorrhea The absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) - ambiguous symptom   (absence of menstruation). In turn, this leads to the development of primary and secondary infertility. But obesity can not only delay or absence of menstruation, and uterine bleeding as a result hyperestrogenemia. Quite often in overweight status observed proliferative endometrium (hyperplasia and endometrial precancer). These processes increase the risk of endometrial cancer, ovarian and breast cancer.

In turn, the various violations of the menstrual cycle when excess weight and influence on the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. During pregnancy increases the percentage of gestosis, broken heart activity, increased blood clotting.

Treatment of

The complex treatment of menstrual disorders include:

• weight loss with special diets;
• physical exercise;
• medicated preparations for weight reduction;
• normalization of menstrual hormones.

It was noted that approximately 80% of women after the normalization of body weight is restored menstrual cycle and reproductive function without the use of drugs. The use of drugs, which act by reducing weight contributes to the effective loss of excess body weight and prevent relapses.

In polycystic ovary syndrome, developed against obesity, in order to normalize the menstrual function successfully used wedge resection of the ovaries.

Anna Sozinova