The term cancer of the blood is used to describe a large group of malignancies, which includes cancer of the bone marrow, blood and lymphatic system (lymph nodes and ducts, tonsils, thymus, spleen and lymphoid tissue of the gastrointestinal tract). Leukemia and myeloma, the development of which begins in the bone marrow, and lymphoma, which begins to develop in the lymphatic system, are the most common types of cancer ..

Leukemia and myeloma may impair the ability of bone marrow to produce normal, healthy and functional blood cells, including all their varieties - white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. This leads to frequent infections, anemia, easy bruising and hemorrhaging. Furthermore, myeloma produces a substance that weakens the bone, and stimulates the production of proteins that cause various symptoms affecting many parts of the body.

Nowadays, the treatment of cancer Cancer Treatment - difficult, but necessary   Blood doctors are increasingly unable to achieve remission, but this requires timely diagnosis and prompt initiation of therapy.

Symptoms of blood cancer

Symptoms of blood cancer at an early stage, when the patient may not know about their condition, are:

• Abdominal pain, especially in the upper part
• Pain in the joints and / or aches in the bones
• Frequent bleeding that is difficult to stop; easy bruising or bruising
• Increasing the size of the liver and lymph nodes
• Weakness, lethargy, apathy
• Fever
• Frequent infections
• Frequent urination

Nausea, which can be described by the patient as a sudden onset of malaise, sometimes accompanied by dizziness and vomiting; seasickness or motion sickness in the car, though earlier these symptoms were not observed

• Sweating at night
• Unexplained weight loss

The following symptoms of blood cancer usually occur in the late stages of the disease, and requires urgent medical attention:

• Bluish lips and nails
• Changes in the level of consciousness or increased anxiety Anxiety - how to distinguish normal from disease? ; fainting, lack of response to external stimuli
• Pain in the heart, feeling of tightness and pressure in the chest, palpitations
• High body temperature (above 38 C)
• Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
• Shortness of breath, difficulty and / or wheezing
• Convulsions
• Very severe abdominal pain
• Uncontrolled or very heavy bleeding

Risk factors

The exact causes of cancer of the blood is not defined, but there are factors that are likely to contribute to the emergence of the disease.

• Cancer history. Patients who had previously been treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy Radiotherapy in cancer treatment: irradiation aid   any other type of cancer increases the likelihood of developing cancer of the blood.
• Genetic diseases. Some congenital abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, increase the risk of blood cancer.
• Certain blood disorders such as myelodysplastic syndrome, also increase the risk of blood cancer.
• Exposure to high levels of radiation can cause the development of various cancers, including blood cancer.
• Exposure to certain chemicals. Working with toxic substances such as benzene, is associated with an increased risk of blood cancer.
• Blood cancer family history. It was found that people whose close relatives suffered from blood cancer, are more at risk of cancer than those whose family history of the disease is not present. Therefore patients are advised to undergo a medical examination thicket, especially if they have other risk factors for cancer of the blood.

White blood cells produced by the bone marrow and are divided into granules or granulocytes, which destroy infectious agents by absorption and digestion, and nezernistye - lymphocytes and monocytes. When ingested infection lymphocytes produce protein antibodies that attach to the infectious agent, forming insoluble complexes which are then excreted.

When blood cancer begins in the blood, there are many immature white blood cells (called blasts) that are not able to maintain a quality immunity. The number of blasts increases, they fill up the blood and internal organs. It blasts the main cause cancer symptoms Fifteen signs of cancer that women ignore   Blood: anemia (decreased number of red blood cells), bleeding, infections, disorders of the internal organs and systems.

Hemangioma kidney - is a rare disease, however, it occurs and may cause serious complications. In most cases, small hemangiomas occur unnoticed kidney, and in adults they are prone to reduction and even disappearance.

What causes kidney hemangioma

Hemangioma is a consequence of congenital renal vascular defect arises from the weave of their walls. Kidney hemangioma occurs rarely, like most benign diseases in this area. It develops most often in the medulla or in the wall of the renal pelvis (the beginning of the urinary tract). Sometimes it is found in the renal cortex, in this case there may be a massive hemorrhage.

As any hemangioma, hemangioma kidney tends to increase during the growth of the whole body, that is in childhood and adolescence. Adults hemangioma grows rare. However, there are also such hemangiomas, which first appear in the elderly.

Very rare benign tumors of the kidney and the possibility of malignancy (cancerous transformation process) makes each time it is suspected malignant process, fully examine the patient, while maintaining the suspicion of malignancy to remove the tumor.

How can manifest kidney hemangioma

Small hemangioma kidney often does not manifest, that is asymptomatic. But if it is increased, and the surrounding tissue compresses the blood circulation in them, usually in the early stages it is shown the appearance of blood in the urine Blood in the urine - a reason for serious concern   (hematuria). Sometimes hematuria appears suddenly and is massive.

With the growth of the tumor may appear such symptoms as fatigue, weakness, malaise, dull aching pain on the affected side.

If the urinary tract clots occur, it can lead to sudden and sharp strong fields lumbar - renal colic Renal colic: a signal that the danger in the bud That occurs when blockage of the urinary tract and blood circulation in this area.

When squeezing the growing tumor kidney veins can occur in men varicocele Varicocele - when it hurts the scrotum   - Varicose veins of the spermatic cord.

If growing tumor compresses the artery kidney, gradually the patient may develop resistant hypertension (high blood pressure), renal origin, but such cases are rare.

Signs of bleeding and rupture kidney hemangioma is the sudden appearance of severe pain in the lower back or abdominal pain, blood in urine, severe weakness, drop in blood pressure and, possibly, loss of consciousness.

Diagnostics

Hemangioma kidneys often are asymptomatic and are accidental discovery during ultrasound or X-ray studies for other diseases.

Since malignant tumors occur more often in kidneys, upon detection of a neoplasm primarily exclude them precisely. An ultrasound, x-ray, CT and MRI. Scintigraphy (radionuclide study of kidneys) allows you to check kidney function, detects a blockage of the urinary tract.

But not always, even with the full survey can be distinguished from a malignant tumor hemangioma Malignant tumor: cells are mad . In this case, the tumor was removed, followed by histological examination of tissue.

Treatment

Treatment hemangioma kidney (if the final diagnosis is established) begins with the observation of it. If the tumor is small (less than 3 cm in diameter), crush the kidney tissue and blood vessels do not grow and did not give signs of malignancy, it does not touch. Otherwise operative treatment.

Hemangioma kidney differs from other benign tumors of the fact that at the time of the survey is not conducted biopsies - taking tissue for histological examination of the tumor - it is fraught with bleeding. Therefore, histological examination is carried out while the patient is on the operating table. If the laboratory has not confirmed malignancy, then it is conserving surgery - partial nephrectomy within the healthy tissue. If the detected abnormal tissues (malignant) cells, the kidney was removed, and after the operation is performed using the combination therapy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

The prognosis for renal hemangioma is usually favorable and proper operation will no longer hemangioma develops. However, such patients require continuous observation and inspection in order to avoid recurrence of the tumor and its malignancy.

Galina Romanenko