Developed in recent decades antipsychotic drugs allowed to withdraw most severe mentally ill people from psychiatric hospitals to treat them on an outpatient basis. This is great progress because previously lot of people had a permanent stay in a hospital. Patients also milder forms of mental illness on the background of the maintenance treatment became quite fit into the social life.

Antipsychotics

It has been over fifty years since the first psychopharmacological agents - chlorpromazine was used in a psychiatric hospital in France. Later, a number of drugs called neuroleptics the term neyrolepsiya - decreased motor and mental activity.

Today releases a lot of neuroleptics and your doctor may choose their patient based on his illness and the properties of a drug.

The mechanism of action rispolepta

Rispolept (INN - risperidone) - is an antipsychotic, which also has a sedative (calming), antiemetic and antipyretic effect.

Rispolepta mechanism of action is based on the fact that it blocks the transmission of neurotransmitters (biologically active substances, which are transmitted by nerve impulses) in nerve cells. The blockade of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin is an antipsychotic, antipyretic, and anti-emetic effects of adrenaline - a sedative.

Rispolepta antipsychotic effect is that it reduces the productive symptoms of schizophrenia (the appearance of uncharacteristic for healthy human mental phenomena - delusions, hallucinations), aggressiveness, while a lesser extent than classical antipsychotics cause confusion and consternation (catalepsy).

Risperidone also has a positive effect on patients with schizophrenia with negative symptoms (ie, the absence of any mental properties, typical for a healthy person, for example, poverty of speech, poverty, emotions, social detachment), reduces state of anxious depression in the background of schizophrenia.

To appoint rispolept

Rispolept used for the treatment of acute psychoses, as well as long-term maintenance treatment of mental illness:

• acute and chronic schizophrenia, including delusions (fixed ideas and concepts), hallucinations (patients see, hear and feel what is actually there), poverty, emotions and intellectual disabilities;
• affective (with severe neuropsychiatric excitation in the form of anxiety, aggression, depression, and feelings of guilt with the loss of control over their behavior) disorders in a variety of mental illnesses;
• behavioral disorders in elderly patients with mental retardation (dementia) when the signs of aggression (outbursts of anger, physical violence) and mental activities (agitation, delirium, hallucinations);
• behavior disorders in adolescents from 15 years and adult patients with reduced intellectual level they have in cases of aggression towards others or yourself;
• as part of combination therapy in the treatment of manic-depressive psychosis normalization of mood.

Who should not take rispolept

Rispolept not be taken in case of hypersensitivity to the drug and during breastfeeding.

With caution should be used in patients:

• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• with dehydration;
• when predinsultnyh states, brain tumors, Parkinson's disease and convulsions;
• in disorders of the liver and kidneys;
• when drug dependence (addiction, drug addiction), and abuse of drugs;
• when intestinal obstruction, acute overdose of drugs and Reye's syndrome (acute mental disorders on a background of diseases of the liver) - antiemetic effect rispolepta may mask the symptoms of these conditions would not allow to carry out proper treatment;
• in pregnancy and in patients under the age of 15 years, as the safety of the drug have not been established.

Side effects that may occur in the treatment rispoleptom

Perhaps the appearance of the following side effects:

• insomnia or drowsiness, agitation, anxiety, headache, dizziness, impaired concentration and clarity of vision; rarely - shivering, lethargy, stupor, salivation; in patients with schizophrenia may increase the volume of the liquid portion of the blood due to high fluid intake and inadequate development of antidiuretic hormone (it helps to eliminate excess fluid How to withdraw excess fluid from the body - all sorts of ways   from the body), involuntary rhythmic movements of the tongue and face, fever, muscle stiffness, instability, pulse and blood pressure, impaired consciousness and seizures;
• constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms , Impaired liver function, dry mouth or increased salivation, absence or increased appetite, increase or reduction of body weight;
• decrease or increase in blood pressure, heart attacks; very rare in older patients - stroke;
• reduction of protective and clotting properties of blood, pain in joints Joint pain - how to understand what is going on? ;
• menstrual irregularities, the expiry of milk from the breast, breast enlargement in men; very rarely - increased blood sugar;
• sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence;
• dryness and increased pigmentation of the skin, itching, increased sensitivity to ultraviolet rays;
• Allergic reaction: runny nose, skin rash, angioedema.

Rispolept - quality antipsychotic for the treatment of severe mental illness Mental illness - ashamed to ask for help?   (manufacturer - European pharmaceutical company Janssen-Cilag AG), it can be taken only on prescription.

Galina Romanenko

  The feeling of happiness - the feeling of the world demand. We all aspire to it, but not all manage to experience it as often as you would like. And most of all happiness bypasses hypochondriac people. Whatever such a person said that would not do, he turns everything upside down and ready to take offense at any innocent joke. He looks for attempts to hurt him, even where they may not be. To live with such a man is very difficult, but even worse, if you do suffer suspiciousness.

What is hypochondria?

Mistrust - that feeling that makes you mistakenly assume that others think you are worse than you really are. Typically, suspiciousness is peculiar to children and adolescents, but is not uncommon and it is adults who do not choose their children's problems.

This feeling interferes communicate with people, forcing again and again to experience negative emotions and to suspect all the guilty and innocent that they are obsessed with the idea to hurt you.

Suspiciousness really hinders be a happy man, and significantly beats the self-assessment. Usually suspicious people are not too sociable, prone to irrational acts, touchy and overly jealous.

Reasons suspiciousness

The reasons for hypochondria enough, but they are rooted in the past. Therefore, to understand where the "grow legs" in this issue, you should always look back.

The main reason for this feeling - the problematic relationship with his parents as a child. Perhaps your parents impose excessive demands, too often point to failures and rarely praised and demanded what was for you can not afford. Often, parents leave the child to blame even where he is not guilty, and this also affects the formation of suspiciousness.

Another cause of this feeling is a negative experience. For example, undermine the credibility of a friend, gossip, deceit and betrayal on the other side, where it was impossible to wait. It causes a person to defend himself and see the possible danger everywhere.

Suspiciousness formed by rejection of the man himself. If you are sure that you do not represent anything meaningful if you have low self-esteem clearly, there is nothing surprising in the fact that mistrust - one of your qualities.

How to deal with suspiciousness?

First we need to understand at what moments of your life you really hurt, and what you it only seemed. Surely you realize that most vain people suspected that they were not going to do.

Try to ignore the situation when you think that someone deliberately wants to hurt you. Look at everything from the outside. You do not change your feelings?

Despite the fact that someone says or does something not very good in relation to you, is it somehow affects you? You become worse? You have become really the way you believe the abuser or is it a misconception? Do you tend to trust more than yourself or another person, who may not know you well, or said some things on purpose? Thinking, surely you understand that many do not have to do with you.

If the abuser does not calm down, and you feel that the situation is hurting you, just say so. Nothing prevents you to stop is not a pleasant conversation, relationship.

Do not blame yourself. Do not try to look for a reason for which you have offended or attempt to justify the abuser. Locate the points where you are right and keep a thought that no one has the right to insult or offend you.

In that case, if the situation gets out of control, and you still continue to drive themselves into a corner, is to see a specialist. Perhaps the reason your suspiciousness so deep and serious that deal with them alone, you just can not. An experienced psychologist will help you understand these reasons, forgive yourself and those who are to blame for your suspiciousness and change.

Suspiciousness often occurs in our lives. She can not withstand even a very strong people, but it is important to understand that these emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code   hurt us, and therefore, it is not necessary. No one can hurt you if you do not want to - this should be the position of an adult. If the child can not stand up for themselves, the adult shall be protected from any attacks. Nona is to see an enemy in everyone he met - for the most part people are busy with their own problems and they do not care about others. Close the people are not concerned about how to ruin your life, because you do not want this. Learn to trust people and to prevent disturbances on the little things, then the mistrust necessarily disappear from your life.