Demodex - cause long-term inflammatory processes occurring in the skin. On the surface of our bodies contain a large number of bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa. Most often, they do not show themselves from time to time, but sometimes still cause various diseases. This occurs most often with a decrease in immunity. One of these opportunistic pathogens is demodex.

Subcutaneous demodex

Demodex is the simplest - subcutaneous mite that "lives" in the sebaceous glands located in the skin or in hair follicles. It is present on our skin almost always, but certainly when it does not manifest itself. To demodex cause disease, he needs special favorable conditions.

Demodex can be seen only under a microscope, as its length is less than a millimeter. The body is covered with very dense mite-layer protective shell that has no external openings, which guarantee the survival of this particular simple. Such a structure makes it particularly demodex resistant to any type of treatment.

Under certain conditions, a harmless for the time Demodex can cause long flowing skin disease called demodex. Conditions for reproduction and demodex occur most often in violation of hormonal teenagers.

Under the influence of hormones sebaceous glands located in the skin, begin to produce large amounts of sebum altered chemical composition and high viscosity. At the same time it reduced immunity and impaired permeability of the walls of small blood vessels. All this creates the perfect conditions for life and reproduction of demodex. A large number of mites and violation of skin immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults   allow to overcome the barrier of the skin and cause inflammation.

Due to the deterioration of the ecological environment, large amounts of stress and chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases demodex today extends more and affects not only teenagers but also adults. To treat a disease caused by them is very difficult - constantly having his aggravation.

The main symptoms of demodectic mange

The main symptom is severe demodectic mange, is prolonged and not amenable to conventional treatment acne Acne: facial trouble . The rash becomes confluent in some places, it is inflammation and swelling of the skin, giving the face a characteristic appearance. Most lesions located in places where the sebaceous glands in the hair follicles, where the immune system is changed and acidity of the skin. Eruptions are first character of the redness, but then gradually appear white pustules head - a sign of additional bacterial infection. A continuous flow of inflammation causes the skin in this area is more coarse and thick. In some places it is covered with purulent crusts.

Relapses of the disease are most often in the off-season - spring and autumn. Symptoms of the disease and the duration of its current manifestations are similar to a severe disease - systemic lupus erythematosus. Demodekoz often combined with other skin diseases, which cause the infectious agents of any other origin.

Diagnosis and treatment of demodectic mange

To confirm the diagnosis of demodectic mange from the skin in the area of ​​greatest congestion rash scraping is taken which is then examined under a microscope. Also studied skin cells and sebum. In order to properly make the collection of material for research, patient warned that he should not use the drugs for at least ten days, and during the last days - do not wash.

Sometimes a biopsy method to study a piece of tissue is taken. Even if demodex in biopsy material is detected, confirming the diagnosis of demodectic mange may be changes in the skin: dilated small blood vessels with thickened walls, overgrown oil glands, hair follicles destroyed.

Treatment of demodicosis begin with the appointment of a diet that helps to improve the overall condition of the skin. From diet excludes fatty, fried, spicy, smoked, sweet and rich dishes, as well as sodas, alcohol and smoking. It should also carefully observe the regime of the day: to eliminate high physical and mental stress, regulate sleep Dreams: how to understand our dreams . It should also avoid exposure to direct sunlight, adverse weather conditions (high winds, dust, frost and so on). You can not bathe in the bath Sauna and health: the benefits and harms of bath procedures From water treatment are allowed to take only slightly warm shower.

Drug treatment of demodectic mange includes restorative treatment (including strengthening the immune system), and the appointment of special drugs that kill demodex, for example, metranidazol (Trichopolum) and tiberal. At the same time assigned a therapy to restore normal state of small blood vessels in the skin (capillaries). Appointed and local anti-inflammatory treatment.

Recommended daily change of underwear and bed linen, sanitize it, and obey all rules of hygiene.

Clotrimazole ointment used mainly for skin fungal diseases, which are accompanied by increased dryness of the skin. Unlike clotrimazole cream, which has a drying effect, an ointment base having fatty contrast, keeps skin moist.

Clotrimazole cream - how it works

The ointment for external USAGE clotrimazole includes active substance - with clotrimazole antifungal and adjuvants - emulsifying wax, cetostearyl alcohol, monoglycerides, polysorbate 80, propylene glycol, glycerol, castor oil, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate and purified water.

After application to the affected skin ointment covers it with a protective layer, not allowing the moisture to evaporate from the skin. Simultaneously active substance ointment penetrates the surface and middle layers of the skin, providing anti-fungal and antibacterial properties. The blood of clotrimazole is practically not absorbed and has no general (systemic) effects on the human body.

In the surface layer of the skin (epithelium) produced very high concentrations of clotrimazole, much more than is required to kill the infectious agent. The concentration in the deep layers of the epidermis is higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration for dermatophytes - agents microsporia trihofitii and athlete - fungal infections are difficult to treat. Penetrating into fungal cells, clotrimazole inhibits the formation of membranes required for substances and this leads to disruption first permeability, and then to death.

Simultaneously, the high concentrations of clotrimazole penetrates into fungal cells and interacts with intracellular enzymes - this leads to the formation of cells in large amounts of hydrogen peroxide having a toxic effect. This further enhances the antifungal effect of clotrimazole.

Sensitivity to clotrimazole exhibit many fungi that cause infections in humans, including dermatophytes (causing microspores trichophytosis and athlete), yeast fungi genus Candida, pathogens scaly (colored) stripping and erythrasma.

To prescribe ointment clotrimazole

Clotrimazole ointment prescribed for fungal and bacterial, fungal skin infections of the skin caused by organisms susceptible to clotrimazole, and accompanied by increased skin dryness. This is a fungal disease of the skin caused by dermatophytes such as microsporia trichophytosis and smooth skin, jock itch Jock itch: fungal infection . These diseases are accompanied by increased dryness and flaking of the skin.

Candidiasis smooth skin also sometimes accompanied by dryness and flaking - in this case, to treat them well suited clotrimazole.

Clotrimazole ointment prescribed for pityriasis versicolor and erythrasma, which are also accompanied by dryness and peeling of the skin, as well as mixed bacterial and fungal infections.

Application

Clotrimazole ointment applied thinly to the cleaned using soap with neutral pH and dry skin and gently rub. The procedure is performed two - three times a day. The duration of treatment depends on the diagnosis: the ringworm and candidiasis smooth skin it lasts four weeks, with pityriasis versicolor - from one to three weeks. When the foot fungus treatment is recommended to complete disappearance of all symptoms of disease and after another four weeks.

Contraindications

Clotrimazole ointment should not be used if you are hypersensitive to its components, and the body of the patient in the first trimester of pregnancy. It is not necessary to use the ointment in the weeping and inflammatory processes - in this case it is better to use clotrimazole cream - it has a drying effect.

Precautions clotrimazole ointment applied to the remaining stages of pregnancy, during feeding baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding (ointment applied to the skin of the mammary glands during lactation can not), as well as abnormal liver function.

Side effects

Clotrimazole ointment was well tolerated, but can sometimes cause side effects such as irritation, itching and burning of the skin. In some cases, appear on the skin edema Prevention and treatment of edema - it is important to understand the root cause , Redness, peeling skin and impaired sensitivity. In this case, the decision to continue or discontinue treatment takes a doctor.

If the skin around the affected area after applying the ointment appeared urticaria (a sign of an allergic reaction), you should immediately discontinue treatment.

Ointment clotrimazole effectively help in the treatment of fungal infections Fungal infection: to prevent and defeat Accompanied by dryness and flaking of the skin.

Galina Romanenko