Pregnancy and biopsy

Biopsy cervix during pregnancy is not usually performed. While most types of uterine biopsy is absolutely safe for pregnant women, treatment is usually deferred until the delivery and held for at least twelve weeks after the birth, after the cervix is ​​restored. The results of the biopsy of the cervix, which is done immediately after birth, may be unreliable.

Some types of cervical biopsies performed during pregnancy, while others are not recommended during pregnancy. In general, it must be remembered that the risk of side effects and complications after biopsy of the cervix during pregnancy is negligible - the procedure does not affect the normal course of pregnancy and the baby's health.

After a biopsy of the cervix during pregnancy

By itself, the biopsy cervix during pregnancy does not differ from the standard procedure and is in the same order. A biopsy of the cervix during pregnancy can cause discomfort and pain spasmodic nature, like pain, observed during menstruation. Such pain - in any case, not a sign of a possible miscarriage. Biopsy Procedure during pregnancy, taking into account pre-colposcopy takes fifteen to thirty minutes, depending on the complexity of the procedure. For normal daily routine can return immediately after the biopsy - it is only necessary to follow a few basic rules.

The risk of complications after biopsy of the cervix during pregnancy is minimal. Medical care should be treated, if after the procedure observed:

• excessive vaginal bleeding,
• abnormal vaginal discharge Vaginal discharge   greenish or yellowish color with a sharp unpleasant odor,
• increased body temperature,
• long (over two days), abdominal pain spasmodic nature.

Contraindications and consequences

Any violation of the tissues of the cervix in pregnant women can be detected during a routine pelvic exam Gynecological examination: an important component of women's health , Running during pregnancy. If the violations are significant, or there is suspicion of malignancy in the tissues of the cervix requires biopsies of the cervix. In rare cases, a biopsy is performed in early pregnancy, since in such a situation the procedure may increase the risk of miscarriage. Most often, when having to perform a biopsy in the detection of any abnormality in the cervix early in pregnancy, the procedure is postponed for the second trimester of pregnancy.

Under normal biopsy of the cervix, or with a slight dysplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of the first degree, CIN 1) abnormalities do not require treatment or delayed before the birth and is appointed by an average of three months after the baby is born. If the results of a biopsy of the cervix during pregnancy shows third-degree dysplasia (CIN 3), requires, as a rule, re-execution of colposcopy in the third trimester of pregnancy to detect anomalies in the rate of development. It must be remembered that even the presence of third-degree dysplasia does not mean cervical cancer: cervical dysplasia of the third degree - a precancerous condition that responds well to treatment.

Adenomyosis - causes and risk factors

To determine the possible causes of adenomyosis, the team analyzed the medical records of 160 patients undergoing hysterectomy Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) - a terrible need   (surgical removal of the uterus). In 69 of them were diagnosed with adenomyosis. The average age of women with adenomyosis was 45.7 years.

According to the analysis, patients who smoke risk of adenomyosis is significantly higher than that of women who never smoked. Furthermore, the risk increases depending on how long she smokes. Chance ill adenomyosis significantly higher in women who smoke more than ten years, than those who smoke less than that period.

The link between the use of any hormonal contraceptives (pills, IUDs, patches, vaginal rings) and the development of adenomyosis in the study were found.

Patients who have given birth at least one child, the risk of adenomyosis is higher than in women who have never given birth. It is believed that damage to the uterus and hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy and after childbirth create favorable conditions for the germination of endometrial tissue in the myometrium.

Spontaneous abortion and abortion surgically also increase the likelihood that a woman will begin to develop once adenomyosis. Perhaps this is due to the damage of the uterus. In favor of this hypothesis is the fact that medical abortion does not increase the likelihood of developing adenomyosis.

Irregular menstrual cycle is recognized as another risk factor for the development of adenomyosis - in women with normal cycle of this violation occurs much less frequently.

In addition, the probability of disease adenomyosis increased in women who began menstruating at age 15; to find out the reasons for this, further research is needed.

The causes of uterine adenomyosis

The exact cause of uterine adenomyosis Adenomyosis of the uterus - the problem of women forties   unknown, but there are several factors that may potentially lead to the disease.

• Operations on the uterus history

Caesarean section is associated with many risks, as the recovery process after it lasts longer than after a vaginal birth. Most often a cesarean section becomes a direct or indirect cause of infections, as well as damage of the uterus.

Tubal ligation - surgical procedure designed to ensure that the egg can not enter the uterus, can cause damage to the uterine lining. Such types of surgery can cause the germination of endometrial tissue in the myometrium.

• Abortion

Both surgical and non-surgical termination of pregnancy and spontaneous miscarriage, can cause complications such as uterine perforation and pelvic infection. It is believed that the risk is highest when the woman did abortion.

• Endometriosis

Endometriosis - a disorder in which endometrial tissue begins to grow out of the endometrium, is often accompanied by the development of adenomyosis.

• The dominance of estrogen

Estrogen dominance is a condition in which the body produces an excess of estrogen, progesterone wherein Progesterone - norm and pathology That balances their effect is not produced at all, or is produced in very small quantities. Reduced levels of progesterone after about 35 years is normal, but if estrogenic dominance of this process is too fast. This increases the risk of adenomyosis - probably because tumors that are formed at the same infringement, to the effects of estrogen-sensitive Estrogen - the key to bone health .

• Inflammation of the endometrium

After delivery, the woman's uterus can penetrate a lot of bacteria and viruses. Sometimes this leads to inflammation and subsequent damage to the inner lining of the uterus, which facilitates germination of endometrial tissue in the myometrium.