The effects of alcohol abuse on holidays

December 27, 2009

 The effects of alcohol abuse on holidays
 Studies of the effect of alcohol on health have revealed long list of short- and long-term effects of alcohol abuse, some of which may be very heavy. The greater the degree of alcohol, the greater the likelihood of adverse health effects.

 The effects of alcohol abuse on holidays

What consequences can cause alcohol abuse

Long-term effects of alcohol abuse can be divided into two main categories - disorders and diseases caused directly by alcohol, and those diseases, which increases the risk of developing long-term alcohol abuse.
  The main effects of alcohol abuse:

  • Alcoholic liver disease (hepatic dysfunction as a result of the toxic effects of alcohol)
  • Alcoholic pancreatitis
  • Alcoholic polyneuropathy Polyneuropathy - peripheral nerve  Polyneuropathy - peripheral nerve
   (damage to the central and peripheral nervous system caused by immoderate use of alcohol)
  • Alcoholic myopathy (muscle damage)
  • Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (caused by alcohol abuse dysfunction, heart failure)
  • Alcoholic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa as a result of excessive use of alcohol)
  • Congenital birth defects caused by alcohol abuse during pregnancy
  • Fetal alcohol syndrome (malformations in the fetus caused by alcohol from their parents)

Common consequences of alcohol abuse - worsening symptoms or increased risk of developing certain diseases, including:

  • Coronary artery disease
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Heart failure
  • Stroke
  • Diabetes
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Depression
  • Gallbladder disease
  • Some types of cancer

 The effects of alcohol abuse on holidays

Alcohol and liver

One of the most serious consequences of alcohol abuse - liver malfunction: excessive alcohol consumption - one of the most common causes irreversible damage to the liver, potentially threatens not only health but also human life itself. Abuse of alcohol can lead to the development of some serious diseases of the liver, including:

  • Alcoholic hepatitis Hepatitis - the scourge of our time  Hepatitis - the scourge of our time
  • Alcoholic fibrosis and sclerosis of liver
  • Alcoholic cirrhosis

Drinking six drinks per day for ten years, almost guarantees the development of cirrhosis or fibrosis of the liver in men, in women lead to similar consequences alcohol in lower doses. After the development of liver cirrhosis less than fifty percent of people with this diagnosis are able to live more than five years.

The risk of liver disease increases the following factors:

  • The amount of alcohol consumed and the duration of alcohol abuse: the more alcohol a person consumes, the greater the risk of liver disease;
  • Gender: Women who abuse alcohol, in a much greater extent than men, subject to the development of liver disease, and after the development of cirrhosis live less;
  • Malnutrition: a lack of nutrients in the diet, along with an excess of alcohol increases the severity of liver disease;
  • Viral infections: hepatitis A, B and C lead to liver damage;
  • Genetic susceptibility, some people use a great amount of alcohol for decades and, nevertheless, do not collide with liver diseases.

 The effects of alcohol abuse on holidays

Alcohol and the cardiovascular system

The most common effects of alcohol abuse are violations of the cardiovascular system, including:

  • High blood pressure
  • Damage to the heart muscle
  • Increased risk of heart attack
  • Increased risk of stroke

Mainly alcohol abuse increases the risk of stroke. Medical studies carried out over the past two decades have shown that alcohol abuse can cause ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Presumably, these effects of alcohol abuse are related to the fact that excessive consumption of alcohol adversely affects the circulatory system (increases blood pressure, stimulates blood clotting and reduces blood flow to the brain, and so on). On average, the risk of stroke after drinking one drink two and a half times higher than in the normal state.

 The effects of alcohol abuse on holidays

Alcohol abuse and central nervous system

Excessive use of alcohol can have a negative impact on the function of the brain and nervous system. Alcohol disrupts neurogenesis (the formation and growth of cells) and has a degenerative effect on the nervous system. In addition, eighty percent of all cases of long-term alcohol abuse is observed too low thiamine (vitamin B1), which could have a significant negative impact on the brain. The degree of brain damage as a consequence of the abuse of the brain depends on a number of factors. Among them:

  • Ration
  • The amount of alcohol consumed
  • The duration of alcohol consumption
  • Age and sex
  • A family history of alcoholism
  • Genetics
  • General health

One of the most serious consequences of alcohol abuse to the brain - the cerebral cortex atrophy and white matter of the brain. Low levels of thiamine can cause damage to the hypothalamus. Physical damage to these parts of the brain can lead to permanent or temporary cognitive impairment (brain damage). Particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol frontal lobe of the brain and the right hemisphere of the brain - imnno so many chronic alcoholics have problems with the expression of emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code  Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code
   and spatial recognition (the ability to determine your location). Finally, alcohol adversely affect the function of neurotransmitters that transmit nerve impulses, which can lead to depression, irritability Irritability - you try to control my temper  Irritability - you try to control my temper
 , Lethargy and seizures.


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Proper nutrition - it is rational

July 6, 2008

 proper nutrition
 Pledge of good nutrition - a balanced diet, which is based on the right balance of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. Eighty-five percent of all energy the body must be obtained from fats and carbohydrates, and the remaining fifteen per cent - of the proteins.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Why proper nutrition is necessary

Proper nutrition is absolutely essential for normal growth and development, health and wellness. Proper nutrition helps to prevent many different diseases, improve quality of life, increase its duration. In addition, a balanced diet helps maintain normal body mass index - the ratio of weight and height. Body mass index is the weight (in kilograms) divided by the squared height in meters. Large figures indicate the presence of excess fat and unhealthy diet (body mass index of more than twenty-five indicates overweight), and is considered a normal body mass index of between eighteen and a half to twenty-five.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Basics of good nutrition

Nutrients that are the foundation of good nutrition Proper nutrition - the basic precepts of healthy food  Proper nutrition - the basic precepts of healthy food
 It can be divided into six main categories: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and the fluid. Naturally, the liquid itself does not contain nutrients, however, it is absolutely required for the normal their assimilation by the body. Nutrients perform several different functions - provide the body with the necessary energy to be involved in the process of digestion, promote growth and development.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Energy Balance

Proper nutrition is largely dependent on the energy balance - the appropriate amount of energy that the body gets, splitting meals, to the amount of energy which the body needs. The excess energy body "stores" in the form of body fat, which in turn, provokes an increase in weight. On the other hand, lack of energy causes the body to compensate for a lack of energy, begins to burn stored fat - this principle is the basis of weight loss. Thus, proper nutrition helps to maintain energy balance in the norm and not consume more calories than the body needs. The average daily rate of calories for an adult male is two thousand and eight for women - eighteen hundred.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Carbohydrates

Proper nutrition and maintenance of energy balance suggest primarily adequate amounts of carbohydrates in the diet - the primary energy source of the human body. Carbohydrates are divided into monosaccharides (e.g., glucose, fructose, galactose), disaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose) and polysaccharides (starch and cellulose). During digestion carbohydrates are broken down to the simplest form of glucose Glucose: The energy source  Glucose: The energy source
 And only then the body can use them. From carbohydrates the body must receive not less than fifty-five percent of all energy - only for the normal operation of the brain is required not less than one hundred grams of glucose per day. In some cases the body can compensate for the decrease in the amount of carbohydrates by burning of fatty acids.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Proteins

"The structural unit" of tissue, protein is essential not only for tissue repair or the formation of new tissue cells, but also for a variety of processes in the human body: a variety of proteins involved in the synthesis of molecules that perform a protective function, regulate the processes within cells. Protein - "building unit" is not only of cells and tissues, but also enzymes, antibodies, hormones. Proteins, in turn, are composed of amino acids, eight of which the body is unable to produce its own. Such amino acids are called essential - they can only receive the body with food. For adults, the recommended amount of protein in the diet is approximately three-quarters of a gram per kilogram of body weight.

The largest number of proteins found in animal products, as well as legumes and cereals. Animal products (eggs, fish, milk, meat) contain the entire set of essential amino acids, unlike the vegetable products. Excess body protein, unlike carbohydrate store can not, therefore, an absolute condition for proper nutrition is the daily protein intake. Excess protein intake, however, is not recommended because stimulates excretion of calcium in the urine, which in turn increases the risk of developing osteoporosis.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Fats and oils

Fat - a major source of energy for the human good nutrition involves the fat content in the diet is not more than thirty percent. Almost all fats, which uses a person found in foods in the form of triglycerides. Triglyceride - three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule Glycerine: a miracle ingredient for skin and hair  Glycerine: a miracle ingredient for skin and hair
 . Fatty acids may be saturated or unsaturated, depending on the number of hydrogen atoms - for example, in the chemical structure of mono-unsaturated fatty acids are missing two hydrogen atoms, polyunsaturated fatty acids - more than two hydrogen atoms. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., linoleic and linolenic acids, the so-called omega-3 and omega-6) are considered essential - to synthesize their body can not. These acids are found in oily fish meat and fish oil, flax seed oil, nuts, sunflower oil. Especially useful for human omega-3 - they inhibit inflammation and help prevent a number of chronic heart disease and arthritis.

Saturated fatty acids increase blood cholesterol, unsaturated, on the contrary, reduced. Saturated fatty acids found in butter, meat, dairy products. "Artificial version" of saturated fat - the so-called trans fats, which also raise cholesterol levels and are considered harmful to health.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Vitamins

As is the case with amino acids and fatty acids, most vitamins body can not synthesize and they only come from food. All variety of vitamins are divided into two types - soluble and fat-soluble. Water-soluble vitamins (vitamin C, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid) are not able to store the body, so they must be consumed daily. The fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K) the body gets with food containing a particular amount of fat. Vitamins - a necessary condition for proper nutrition for many reasons: they are involved in the synthesis of hormones and blood cells act as "catalysts" in different biochemical reactions and prevent the development of certain diseases.

 Proper nutrition - it is rational

Minerals

Minerals - another essential element of proper nutrition. The most important minerals for the human body are:

  • Calcium is an important component of a healthy diet Healthy eating - do not limit yourself to eating  Healthy eating - do not limit yourself to eating
 Especially for women in menopause. Calcium is involved in the formation and maintenance of healthy bones. Calcium deficiency may lead to osteoporosis, bone fragility. In addition, calcium is involved in the clotting process.
  • Iron is one of the most useful for human health minerals, iron found in red meat, some vegetables (such as spinach), eggs. Digestibility of iron depends on the diet: for example, vitamin C and animal proteins improve the digestibility of iron, and tea and coffee, on the contrary, worsen.
  • Zinc: Although the human body contains only three thousandths of a percent of zinc, a mineral that is essential for protein synthesis of RNA and DNA. The main sources of zinc - meat, seafood, milk and egg yolk.

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  • proper nutrition




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