L- carnitine ampoules used in cerebrovascular disorders including stroke when, in the human internal organs, chronic alcoholism, physical exhaustion, chronic fatigue syndrome Chronic fatigue - if life is not a pleasant experience   and other conditions requiring urgent recharge energy.

How does L-Carnitine in ampoules

L-carnitine - a natural substance nonsteroidal nature, related to B vitamins, which is actively involved in metabolism. It is involved in various stages of the energy metabolism, including the transport of fatty acids into the cells of the body and providing energy, exerts an anabolic effect (stimulates formation of new cells), promotes fat burning, retains and enhances the muscle tissue, stimulate spermatogenesis. L-carnitine has also antihypoxia and antithyroid action activates fat metabolism, stimulates tissue repair, increases appetite.

The mechanism of action of l-carnitine is associated with the fact that he is a part of enzymes involved in the metabolic processes in cells. It helps to reduce the basal metabolic rate, slowing the breakdown of protein and carbohydrates. This enhanced fat metabolism, fat from fat depots used for energy, successfully competing with glucose. Since energy from fat does not require the participation of additional oxygen (as opposed to energy production from glucose), l-carnitine is effective in acute hypoxia (lack of oxygen in the tissues, including the brain), and other critical conditions.

L-carnitine L-carnitine - gives the body energy   has beneficial effects on brain cells (neurons), slowing of self-destruction (apoptosis), limits the affected area and restores the structure of nervous tissue. As a partial antagonist of thyroid hormone Thyroid hormones: mechanism of action and physiological effects Inhibits basal metabolism in hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism: increased secretion of thyroid hormone   (increased thyroid function). In addition, it restores the alkaline reserve of blood, does not affect blood clotting, reduces the formation of toxic keto acids formed during the breakdown of fat, increases the resistance of tissues to their influence.

After intravenous administration of l-Carnitine readily penetrates cells in the brain, liver and heart muscle, slowly - in muscle. Report the news mostly in the form of metabolic products.

L- carnitine ampoules produced by different pharmaceutical companies. Thus, the Russian company Russian Cardiology Research and Production Center produces carnitine chloride dissolved in 5 ml ampoules. 1 ml of a solution containing 100 mg of carnitine chloride and 1 ml of water for injection.

Indications and contraindications

L-carnitine is administered intravenously ampoules with saline. It is used to treat such severe violations, such as:

• acute stroke, including ischemic stroke and transient (transient), cerebrovascular accident; the drug can be used in the acute, subacute and recovery;
• encephalopathy - a violation of the structure and function of the brain, which arose when a slowly progressive impairment of cerebral circulation;
• traumatic encephalopathy - the consequences of traumatic brain injury;
• toxic brain damage.

Contraindications for use of the drug is a hypersensitivity to carnitine chloride. Clinical trials of the drug in pregnant women and nursing mothers have not been conducted, therefore the question of its application to data of patients should be addressed individually, assessing the ratio of the possible risk to the child and the benefit to the mother.

Side effects and possible overdose

Because of the side effects of the drug are known allergic reactions, so the first infusion should be done with caution, watching the condition of the patient. Furthermore, the rapid introduction (80 drops per minute or more) may cause pain along the vein, passing speed reduction administration.

In patients with severe kidney disease and severe decrease in their function with administration of carnitine may cause muscle weakness.

No cases of overdose have been reported. If applied simultaneously carnitine chloride with glucocorticoid hormones, carnitine will then accumulate in tissues. Anabolic agents enhance the effect of carnitine.

Carnitine chloride solution - a drug that is used to treat serious diseases of the brain and injected intravenously.

Galina Romanenko

Aevitum - multivitamin complex in the form of capsules for oral administration appointed when vitamin deficiency (deficiency of certain vitamins, can provoke a series of disorders and diseases), and as an additional therapeutic agent, in some acute and chronic diseases. The composition of the capsules Aevitum include retinol (vitamin A) and tocopherol Vitamin E (tocopherol) - not to be carried away   (vitamin E).

As Aevitum effect on the body

Vitamin A is particularly useful for maintaining eye health and normal vision (vitamin A deficiency in the body leads to the so-called night blindness - that is, the inability to adapt to the vision in the dark). In addition, vitamin A is absolutely necessary for a number of processes in the skin - retinol, which is often seen as a part of anti-aging cosmetics for the care of aging skin, it stimulates the regeneration of the skin's natural mechanisms at the cellular level.

Vitamin E, in turn, is also useful for skin - especially as one of the most powerful antioxidants that neutralize the destructive effects of free radicals on the cells. In addition, Vitamin E helps normalize the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and restore normal blood flow in the capillaries.

Indications and contraindications

Lack of vitamin A and vitamin E (a vitamin deficiency, vitamin deficiencies), or diseases against which the body's need for vitamins increases - prolonged diarrhea, chronic cholestasis, certain liver diseases (obstructive jaundice, cirrhosis), thyroid disease Thyroid disease - women at risk   (including hyperthyroidism), infectious diseases, disorders caused by alcohol, nicotine addiction, drug addiction. Aevitum as an additional therapeutic agent may be appointed ophthalmologist in some visual impairment and eye diseases. Generally, the recommended dosage Aevitum - one capsule a day, the duration of the course of treatment may vary.

Aevitum recommended to receive in case of hypersensitivity (allergy) to any of the ingredients of the drug and hypervitaminosis (elevated levels of vitamins A and E), as well as children under the age of fourteen. Precautions Aevitum indicated for some diseases of the liver (cirrhosis, viral hepatitis Hepatitis - the scourge of our time , Cholecystitis), kidney (including with kidney failure), chronic disease of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism).

Nevertheless, the question regarding Aevitum harm during pregnancy is quite controversial: during pregnancy, the body's need for vitamins and nutrients increases, which can lead to a deficiency of vitamins and cause the need for vitamin complexes such Aevitum. On the other hand, Aevitum contains a very high dose of vitamin A, which increases the risk of teratogenicity of the drug - that is, the impact on the normal development of the fetus during pregnancy. Thus, it is best to take Aevitum during pregnancy only in cases where the drug is assigned a doctor, and be sure to follow exactly the instructions to the drug.

Possible consequences

Vitamins A and E belong to a group of fat-soluble vitamins that, unlike water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C retained in the body for a longer time, and because of their daily use is not required. This property constituting Aevitum potentially increases the risk of overdose, and because you need to take Aevitum in strict accordance with the instructions - too high dose of vitamins A and E can cause a number of rather unpleasant side effects. Among them:

• From the gastrointestinal tract: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain
• Skin: Symptoms of an allergic reaction - itching, rash, redness of the skin
• In case of overdose: lethargy, drowsiness, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, intense, in acute cases - confusion, in chronic cases - aches and bone pain, increased dryness of the skin, mucous membrane of the mouth, seizures

Who needs to take Aevitum

Aevitum appoint:

• The lack of vitamin A and E;
• in conditions of increased demand for vitamins A and E or reducing their intake of (after removal of the stomach with diarrhea, liver disease, and others.);
• in various diseases of the eye, including the night blindness (night blindness);
• with rapid weight loss, which led to the violation of a number of functions in the body;
• prolonged smoking;
• under long-term stress;
• upon receipt of iron products and neomycin;
• when occlusive disease (persistent narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels in the hands and feet).

Carefully:

• the abuse of alcohol and drugs;
• hyperthyroidism;
• during pregnancy, including multiple;
• lactation;
• diseases of the liver and biliary tract infections (cholecystitis, cirrhosis, viral hepatitis);
• conditions involving increased vascular permeability (e.g., chronic glomerulonephritis et al.);
• renal insufficiency;
• in old age.

Contraindications Aevitum

As with any effective medication Aevitum has a number of contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to retinol and tocopherol;
• hypervitaminosis A and E;
• children's age (14 years).

Side effects may occur while taking Aevitum

In overdose Aevitum can develop hypervitaminosis A: drowsiness, weakness, double vision, dizziness, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, osteoporosis (brittle bones), bleeding from the gums, dryness and ulceration of the mucous membranes of the mouth, peeling lips , skin (especially palms), agitation, confusion.

Symptoms of chronic intoxication with vitamin A: loss of appetite, pain in the bones, cracked and dry skin, lips, oral mucosa, stomach pain, vomiting, fever, lethargy, weakness, headache, allergic reactions to sunlight, frequent and increased urination, especially at night, irritability, hair loss, yellow-orange spots on the soles, palms, in the nasolabial triangle, increased intraocular pressure, menstrual disorders, hemolytic anemia (with the destruction of red blood cells), seizures, birth defects of the urinary tract system, growth retardation and early closure of the epiphyseal growth zones.

Symptoms of overdose of vitamin E: at the reception for an extended period at high doses - blurred vision, dizziness, headache, nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, weakness, malaise, increased risk of bleeding in patients with vitamin K deficiency, malabsorption of the thyroid hormones, sexual function disorders, thrombophlebitis, colitis (inflammation of the colon), enlargement of the liver, renal failure, bleeding in the retina, a hemorrhagic stroke, fluid in the abdomen (ascites).

Aevitum good drug, but it is not used for the prevention, because it contains no preventive and therapeutic doses of vitamins A and E.

  Galina Romanenko