The flu shot is now part of national immunization schedule. This means that its free annual routinely makes certain populations. The rest of the people can be vaccinated against the flu at the request of acquiring the vaccine alone for a fee.

Why get a flu shot

Influenza - an acute respiratory viral infection, which runs hard with a high fever and complications. There are two main types of influenza viruses - A and B, but the problem is that these types of viruses change slightly each year so people recover from the flu this year and has a good immune system, may be seriously ill and in the following year. Some strains of influenza viruses cause severe disease, with significant mortality. Especially hard flu occurs in children, the elderly and those with chronic diseases.

In order to prevent the flu Influenza - expect the unexpected but always   or at least reduce the severity and duration of the disease, the World Health Organization (WHO) annual process of identifying strains of influenza viruses that are expected to cause disease in the next autumn-winter season. Based on the research recommendations are made to producers on the creation of a vaccine against influenza.

Each year, a new flu vaccine. The flu shot will protect the people in all countries in this year, and next year a new vaccine is created, and again require vaccination against influenza. The seasonal influenza vaccine contains two different strains of influenza A and one strain of influenza B. Immunity against influenza after vaccination develops within two weeks after the administration and lasts for about a year.

Types of influenza vaccines

All influenza vaccines are divided into live attenuated and inactivated (killed). Live vaccines are administered by spraying into the nose, and inaktivirvannye - by injection. In recent years, mainly used in inactivated vaccines. They also are different:

• It consists of whole - they contain killed thoroughly cleaned, but not destroyed influenza viruses;
• split vaccine or split (for example, VAXIGRIP company Sanofi Pasteur, France) - they contain viruses destroyed - proteins of the virus, its surface and internal antigens; Split vaccines are characterized by high purity and low reactogenicity; These vaccines are the most effective;
• subunit vaccines (eg influvac, Abbott, the Netherlands and Grippol plus Petrovax Trade company, Russia) - contain only surface antigens that are most important for immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults ; most such vaccines are safe.

The flu shot - to whom it should be required to do?

Flu shots do free a certain segment of the population that are most at risk for the flu or get as a result of a complication of the disease. It:

• children six months of age; before the age of flu shots are not made in order not to infect the child vaccinated should do his relatives;
• children attending children's groups: nurseries, kindergartens, schools,
• students of higher and specialized secondary educational institutions;
• health workers;
• employees of educational institutions;
• seniors over 60 years;
• people with chronic diseases.

The flu shot to all other segments of the population done at their request and for a fee.

The flu shot is carried out by intramuscular injection. Adults injection is made into the deltoid muscle of the shoulder, and children up to three years - in perednenaruzhnuyu thigh.

Vaccination against influenza - contra

Flu vaccines can not be administered:

• for any acute illness or exacerbation of chronic diseases accompanied by fever; After lowering the temperature in the minor illnesses can be vaccinated; if the disease was severe, the inoculation is done 2-4 weeks after recovery;
• children under the age of 6 months;
• with severe allergies to certain substances, traces of which may be found in the vaccine, a protein of chicken eggs, formaldehyde, neomycin;
• When the previous administration of influenza vaccine it had expressed reaction;
• if for 1, 5 months after the previous administration of the vaccine in a patient manifested Guillain-Barre syndrome - an acute autoimmune (due to allergies to their own tissue), inflammation of the peripheral nervous system (polyradiculoneuropathy).

The flu shot - side effects

Current inactivated influenza vaccines rarely produce side effects. However, they may be in the form of local and general reactions. At the site of injection of the vaccine may cause redness, swelling, pain, seals.

Common reactions may manifest as fever, malaise, shivering, fatigue, headache Headache: Causes and Complications , Pain in muscles and joints, allergic reactions Allergic reactions: how to understand why you tickle in the throat .

The flu shot can protect against severe disease.

Galina Romanenko

Vitamin and mineral supplements are needed in the spring for everybody, as the body for a long winter lost the entire supply of vitamins and minerals that are found in fresh fruits and vegetables. But without these components our metabolism Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting   It can not actively work here - weakness, malaise, headaches and insomnia.

What action has on the human body Supradin

Supradin - a vitamin-mineral complex, which is composed of 20 active ingredients - vitamins and minerals, as well as auxiliary substances that contribute to their better absorption. Manufacturer Supradin - the oldest pharmaceutical company Bayer (Switzerland), which is distinguished by the highest quality of products.

Supradin actively influences the metabolic processes that are determined by the complex in its composition of vitamins and minerals:

• Vitamin A - affects the processes of growth, the state of bones, teeth, skin, nails, restores sight;
• Vitamin B1 - promotes normal functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous system;
• Vitamin B2 - restores tissue, including the skin;
• vitamin B6 - supports normal bones, teeth and gums, helps to restore the red blood cells (RBCs) and nerve cells;
• Vitamin B12 - is involved in the formation of red blood cells, promotes normal functioning of the nervous system;
• Vitamin C - strengthens the walls of blood vessels, is involved in maintaining the function of bones, teeth and gums;
• Vitamin D3 - regulates the exchange of phosphorus and calcium in the body, restores normal bone;
• Vitamin E - protects against damage to cell membranes (antioxidant), thereby preventing premature aging;
• Biotin - is actively involved in metabolism Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things Including a process of assimilation of the protein;
• pantothenic acid - is involved in the metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates;
• Folic acid - is involved in the formation of red blood cells;
• nicotinamide - an active participant in redox processes, ensures the transfer of hydrogen phosphate;
• Calcium - strengthens bones, teeth and nails, restores normal blood clotting;
• Magnesium - is necessary for the operation of the musculoskeletal system (especially for the heart muscle);
• iron - is part of hemoglobin (it is part of red blood cells) that facilitates the transport of oxygen to the tissues;
• phosphorus - together with calcium is necessary for the development of the musculoskeletal system, is involved in the energy metabolism;
• Manganese - helps proper mineralization of bones and teeth;
• Copper - involved in the metabolism of red blood cells, and iron;
• Zinc - is a part of many enzymes and hormones involved in immune reconstitution;
• Molybdenum - is a part of enzymes involved in the oxidation-reduction reactions in the body.

Vitamins and minerals that make up the Supradin involved in many biochemical processes, which are part of the overall metabolism:

• in protein metabolism, resulting in the updated cells of our body, strengthens the immune system;
• in carbohydrate metabolism, which release energy required to carry out all biochemical processes, as well as for any human activity;
• in fat metabolism - fats are involved in almost all biochemical processes.

Vitamins are especially needed by the body during growth, during pregnancy, infant feeding Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding, in the elderly, in convalescence after a serious illness, the treatment with antibiotics, chemotherapy Chemotherapy - it always falls the hair?   in the treatment of malignant tumors, with eating disorders (eg, extreme diets), and gastro-intestinal diseases (if they disrupted the process of absorption of vitamins in the intestines).

Indications and contraindications for receiving Supradin

Supradin recommended one tablet a day with food, drinking water:

• at various eating disorders;
• high physical and neuropsychiatric loads;
• during convalescence after severe diseases;
• chronic alcoholism, which contributes to violations of all types of metabolism;
• with antibiotic treatment (developing dysbiosis and vitamins are poorly absorbed in the gut);
• after a course of chemotherapy used to treat cancers.

Application Supradin contraindicated:

• if you are hypersensitive to the components of the drug;
• at elevated levels in the blood of vitamin A or D (giprevitaminozov), serum calcium (hypercalcemia);
• during treatment with drugs containing vitamin A;
• If the kidney function.

What you should know

When receiving Supradin may cause allergic reactions such as skin rash, in this case taking the drug will no longer worth it. Urine when the reception is painted in bright yellow color - it is not dangerous. It can not simultaneously take other vitamin-mineral complexes.

Supradin - a quality vitamin and mineral complex, which will surely bring benefits to the body, especially in the spring.

Galina Romanenko