This type includes candidiasis candidiasis of the oral mucosa (oral candidiasis), gums, tongue, palate mindadin, pharynx and lips. All this can inflame simultaneously (diffuse oropharyngeal candidiasis) or separately in the form of small, local processes that often are chronic.

Causes

Oropharyngeal candidiasis may be the result of external contamination or reproduction of their own kind of yeast fungus Candida, which are in the mouth almost all adults.

External (exogenous) infection is characterized mainly for infants who have a body yet fungi genus Candida. They are infected by the mother (for example, if she has a yeast infection of genitals), or other relatives, staff of maternity hospital.

The internal (endogenous) reproduction of fungi of the genus Candida occurs mainly in adults and is a sign of low immunity. Oropharyngeal candidiasis always threatening to patients with diseases such as immunodeficiencies. Oropharyngeal candidiasis often occurs in the elderly, long-term chronic diseases, debilitating their immune system. In most cases, oropharyngeal candidiasis is a complication of gastrointestinal candidiasis.

The development of oropharyngeal candidiasis also promotes acceptance of glucocorticoid hormones, oral contraceptives, antibiotics, alcohol, drugs - all these substances suppress the local (in the mouth), or general immunity.

Kinds

Oropharyngeal candidiasis may occur acutely and chronically. Acute oropharyngeal candidiasis is often generalized, ie, affects all the mucous membranes of the oropharyngeal region. For chronic oropharyngeal candidiasis more common lesions of the mucous membranes of certain organs.

Symptoms of acute oropharyngeal candidiasis

The disease begins abruptly with the deterioration of general condition and the appearance of small (low grade) fever, weakness, malaise, and therefore it can be initially mistaken for a viral or bacterial infection. But in general, the general condition of the patients almost does not suffer. Then inflamed and swelling of the mucous membrane of the mouth, tongue, gums, lips, tonsils and back of the throat appear characteristic white cheesy raids, which at first can be easily removed with a spatula, and then tightly fused with the mucous membrane, grow and merge together to form a film .

For oral candidiasis (candidiasis of the oral mucosa) is characterized by the appearance of such elements on the inside of the cheeks and lips, sometimes moving to the outside of the lips (cheilitis candidiasis), including at the corners of her mouth (perleches or angular cheilitis). Acute oral candidiasis is typical for children under one year. He rarely goes to the mucous membrane of the tonsils and posterior pharyngeal wall, however, it is required to timely detect and treat as reduced immunity infant Baby man, though with a little finger   allow the fungi of the genus Candida freely distributed throughout the body.

Acute candidiasis language (candidiasis GLOSS) is characterized by the appearance of similar elements in language, acute tonsillitis candidiasis - in the tonsils, acute tonsillitis candidiasis - on the back of the throat.

It occurs as an acute atrophic oropharyngeal candidiasis, which is manifested soreness, burning and dryness in the mouth and throat. The mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx with the bright red, dry tongue becomes crimson. Characteristically Candida almost no plaque, which complicates diagnosis.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis Chronic

Chronic oropharyngeal candidiasis - a combination of thrush Stomatitis - to breath fresh , Cheilitis, glossitis Glossitis - when it hurts language   and pharyngitis. It may be atrophic and hypertrophic.

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis oropharyngeal appears as whitish plaque and plaque on reddened and slightly edematous mucosa of the oral cavity and pharynx. In the long process of plaque turns into a yellowish film tightly welded to the mucosa. If they are separated from the mucous membrane, the formed small sores.

For chronic atrophic oropharyngeal candidiasis characterized by dryness, burning and soreness in the mouth, usually in a particular area of ​​the mucosa. This type of candidiasis often occurs when wearing dentures.

Treatment

Treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis should be individualized for each patient, as the matter is not only symptoms of the disease, but also its co-morbidities, as well as the state of immunity.

Treatment starts with the application of topical medicaments. They are used to complete disappearance of symptoms (it may take up to three weeks) and the week after their disappearance. Assign topical antifungals as lozenges, sprays, rinses (flukonozol, ketoconazole, natamycin). When Candida Hale Hale - if sick lips   lip treated with aniline dyes (eg methylene blue) and antifungal ointments (such as nystatin).

If topical treatment does not help, then prescribe antifungal drugs for systemic effects. At the same time required to carry out the correction of immunity and treatment of intestinal candidiasis.

Galina Romanenko

Pimafutsin - is an antifungal drug to treat fungal skin and mucous membranes of different origin. A feature of this antibiotic is that it works only locally: on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes, including the intestine without being absorbed into the bloodstream.

The mechanism of action pimafutsin

Pimafucin (INN - natamycin) - is an antifungal polyene (having more double bonds in the molecule, and produced by fungi, actinomycetes) macrolide antibiotics. It produces pimafutsin Japanese pharmaceutical company Astellas Pharma 100 mg tablets, vaginal suppositories 100 mg, 2% in the form of a cream for topical application, and 2, 5% suspension for topical application. Such a variety of dosage forms provides an integrated approach to the treatment of fungal infections.

Pimafucin has a strong fungicidal (kills fungal cells) action. It binds and denies the biological activity of sterols of particular importance to the integrity and permeability of cell membranes of fungi. The destruction of the membrane leads to the complete destruction of fungal cells.

The greatest sensitivity to pimafutsin show drzhzhepodobnye fungi genus Candida. Pimafutsin less sensitive to fungi that cause cutaneous fungal diseases - microsporia trichophytosis and athlete. Addiction to the drug of infectious agents does not develop.

Any dosage form after application pimafutsin practically not absorbed into the bloodstream. Even pills inside pimafutsin has no overall impact on the body - this drug works only in the intestine. Such features pimafutsin made it the drug of choice in the treatment of fungal infections in pregnant women.

Indications and contraindications

Different dosage forms pimafutsin used to treat fungal diseases of different localization.

Pimafutsin tablets used to treat lesions by fungi of the genus Candida bowel (intestinal candidiasis). Intestinal candidiasis often occurs after use of antibiotics, certain drugs used to treat cancer, and glucocorticoid hormones.

Vaginal suppositories are used for the treatment of candidiasis of genitals Candidiasis genitals: possible severe complications   in women, which is called thrush.

2% cream pimafutsin also be used for treatment of candidiasis genitalia in women. In addition, it is used for treatment of candidiasis male genital skin and treatment of fungal diseases, including fungal diseases of the outer ear. Candidiasis of skin most often develops in the folds of the skin, particularly in obese individuals.

2, 5% suspension pimafutsin used to treat thrush Treating Thrush: how to get rid of bad fungus   in the oral cavity, including infants. In adults, oral thrush develops mainly in immunodeficiency.

Pimafucin often used to treat fungal infections in pregnant women, because it is not absorbed into the blood and can adversely affect the fetus. You can apply it and in feeding the baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding.

Contraindications for use pimafutsin is only increased sensitivity of the patient to the components of this drug.

Side effects

Pimafutsin - is an antifungal drug which is usually well tolerated by patients, however, there are cases where when receiving tablets inside patients' signs of irritation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract such as nausea and loose stool. These side effects usually appear at the beginning of treatment and then pass on their own, without treatment and does not require the abolition of pimafutsin.

When using other formulations pimafutsin also may cause irritation of the mucous membranes. For example, cetyl alcohol, which is part of vaginal suppositories can cause a sense of light burning in case of hypersensitivity to this component.

Most often occurs irritation of thrush - so irritated inflammation caused by fungi, mucous membrane reacts to the presence of another stimulus. It also does not require discontinuation of treatment and resolves on its own.

Pimafutsin overdoses have been recorded, as it is not able to provide the general effects on the body.

Pimafutsin is effective and safest with an antifungal drug. What pimafutsin Pimafucin - help in difficult times   It may be freely used during pregnancy, lack of proof of any drug side-effects of a general nature, including negative effects on the fetus.

Galina Romanenko