Causes and types of diffuse mastopathy

Breast characterized by the appearance in the breast against the background of hormonal disorders proliferation of connective tissue and the formation of cysts filled with clear liquid. This is one of the most common diseases in women, in varying degrees, suffer mastopathy almost half of them.

Reasons mastopathy much. First of all, this increased blood levels of the female sex hormones estrogen. This arises from the fact that women give birth to fewer and breastfeeding: during these periods to the fore the effects of other hormones (during pregnancy - the female sex hormone progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology During breastfeeding - prolactin), which prevent the formation of estrogen. The emergence of mastopathy also contribute to a variety of impaired fertility, abortion, stress, lack of sleep, high nervous and mental load, endocrine diseases, chronic diseases of the female genital organs, as well as other organs and systems, genetic predisposition.

Breast disease may develop at some particular area of ​​the breast (breast nodular) and can affect the entire breast tissue (breast diffuse). Diffuse breast Breast - the mirror Women's Health   in turn divided into diffuse fibrotic mastopathy, (dominated by proliferation of connective tissue) and diffuse fibrocystic breast disease (a proliferation of connective tissue joining cysts - sacs filled with fluid).

Signs of diffuse mastopathy

In diffuse mastopathy in the middle and in the second half of the menstrual cycle (before menstruation), pain in the breast localization uncertain. The pain is aching, stabbing, bursting, and so on, it often gives to his back and neck. Mammary glands nagrubayut become tight, there are discharge from the nipples. When probing cancer uniformly dense, moderately painful. After menstruation with diffuse mastopathy, usually iron uniformly compacted, tyazhista slightly painful.

In addition, when a woman has mastitis often found outward signs of elevated blood level of estrogen: dry skin Dry skin: care and treatment , Overweight, duration of menstrual cycle for more than 28 days, prolonged painful and heavy menstruation, PMS, ovarian cysts Ovarian cysts - normal or dangerous? , Benign tumors of the uterus.

Diagnosis of diffuse mastopathy

At ultrasound (US) revealed the presence of multiple cysts in both breasts. In the US, you can measure the amount of cysts, to identify advanced breast ducts. X-rays (mammograms) to determine epithelial (breast tissue) and connective tissue (glands and ducts bands in mastopathy) structure of cancer, determine the type of mastitis, the extent of the seals, the presence of benign or malignant tumor in the breast.

Laboratory tests reveal an imbalance of hormones, especially sex and thyroid (blood analysis on hormones), growth of connective tissue and the presence of cancer cells (the study of biological media, taken by biopsy).

Signs of cysts in the breast

Any changes in a woman's breast is closely related to its hormonal. That is why the appearance of the cyst is required to conduct a full examination because hormonal changes can lead to hormone-dependent cancer Malignant tumor: cells are mad   - Breast cancer. In order to identify as early as possible any lump in the breast, doctors recommend that all women once a month to examine their own breasts, and upon detection of any changes immediately contact a doctor.

How does breast woman

The mammary gland consists of glandular tissue, produce milk, fat and connective tissue that give the iron form. To the front of the chest wall breast attached by special ligaments called Cooper's ligaments. The muscles in the breast is not, so any exercise Myths about exercise: do not believe   it is impossible to restore the form.

All iron separated by a thin connective tissue septa into shares (a total of about 20), composed of smaller segments. From shares depart ducts, which are combined with each other and are suitable for the pacifier. Here, the milk is first accumulated in the sinuses (small cavities), and then released through the nipple.

In adolescence, the development of breast cancer is influenced by female sex hormones estrogen. After the mammary glands and the menstrual cycle is formed, female sex hormones continue to influence the mammary gland. Thus, during the second half of the menstrual cycle in the mammary gland primarily operates the female sex hormone progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology It causes swelling, tenderness and breast enlargement. If fertilization has occurred, the hormone levels and reduced breast returns to the former size.

During menopause estrogen decline, has great influence on the mammary glands, causing the weakening of the connective tissue that creates the framework of the breast, which contributes to its sagging.

Why do I get cysts in the breast

Brushes of various sizes called cavity filled with liquid transparent content, which are formed when clogged ducts of the mammary gland in large parts or in small slices. Cysts in the breast can be single and multiple. In the latter case we speak of hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous   - Mastitis.

Cyst - a circular formation of various sizes (from 1-2 mm to several centimeters in diameter) surrounded by a thin connective tissue capsule. The size of cysts can grow. Inside the cyst can be divided into multiple connective septum cameras. A feature of such cysts is that their connective capsule may be composed of both benign and malignant cells, so that any mammary gland cysts require examination and treatment by a physician.

On what grounds can suspect the presence of cysts in the breast

Suspect the presence of cysts in the breast can be by the presence of the following signs:

• in the field of breast palpable round flexible education (if the cyst reaches a sufficiently large);
• formation in the breast increases in size, while remaining flexible and round;
• in breast tenderness occurs in the second half of the menstrual cycle.

If a woman is found at these signs, it must immediately contact the surgeon mammologu as cysts may degenerate into malignancies or fester.

The physician is primarily inspects the breast. But even if the examination of any changes will not be revealed, he will appoint an ultrasound and X-ray examination of the breast, which will identify cysts even a very small size, as well as blood tests for hormones. When large brush biopsy (taking fluid from the cyst by puncture) - in the laboratory investigate the cellular composition of the fluid and detect abnormal (cancerous) cells. Also, be sure the survey is conducted throughout the sexual sphere of women in order to detect a variety of diseases in other organs (eg, inflammatory disorders).

What to do

If multiple cysts, they consider and treat as a mastopathy - a disease that arose in violation of hormonal women. Treatment involves restoring normal hormonal levels (taking into account the identified violations), treatment of diseases of the female genital organs, including inflammatory and so on, depending on what a woman is sick.

If revealed single large cysts, they are removed by pumping out the puncture liquid therethrough with its subsequent binding laboratory studies. After removing fluid from the cyst wall it stick that prevents refilling of the cyst fluid. However, in some cases cysts appear in the same place again, so after 2-3 punctures recommended surgical removal of the cyst - sectoral resection (removal of the cyst along with a portion of the breast tissue).

Operation is also recommended in the case of a suspected cyst degeneration into a malignant tumor. In any case, after the operation is a compulsory laboratory (histological) study of tissue removed.

A cyst in the breast - is not a reason for panic, but for the survey.

Galina Romanenko