The symptoms of fibroadenomas of the breast practically invisible. Most often, the disease is detected during prophylactic examinations mammologists. However, the woman herself may find a small painless swelling of elastic round or oval in his breast.

Clinical symptoms of breast fibroadenoma nodular

Any type of node fibroadenoma (intrakanikulyarnaya, perikanikulyarnaya mixed) appears as a painless, well delimited round or oval plotnoelasticheskoy host of different sizes. Dimensions node fibroadenoma is usually from 1 to 3 cm, but may be more. The tumor can be felt in finding women in different positions (both standing and lying down) as opposed to nodal mastopathy, which merges with the breast tissue in a prone position. Usually fibroadenoma - a single tumor, but in some cases, a woman may receive multiple tumor nodes.

With age, the fibroadenoma can stop its growth, but never resolved. If the node appears fibroadenoma (or increases) after 40 years, it may speak of its degeneration into a malignant tumor. Sometimes nodal fibroadenoma of the breast combined with diffuse mastopathy - the growth of the mammary gland in the background of hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous   connective tissue cyst formation filled with a transparent liquid.

Very often, in addition to fibroadenomas in women identified the symptoms of other diseases of the reproductive system: menstrual disorders, chronic inflammatory processes (including leaking hidden), endocrine disorders (hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, The thyroid gland - is responsible for your hormones , Adrenal gland).

Clinical symptoms of leaf (filloidnoy) breast fibroadenoma

Leaf-fibroadenoma in most cases develops later in life, after 40 years. It has a layered structure, however, it is clearly distinguished from the surrounding tissue. A distinctive feature of filloidnoy fibroadenoma is a rapid growth. It leads to a change in volume and shape of the affected breast, this is detected so that the shape fibroadenoma fast enough. Sometimes the tumor grows so that replaces up to two thirds of breast cancer or all of the cloth. The skin over the large fibroadenoma usually not changed tumor detectable in the form of round or oval node, but may have the form krupnobugristuyu breaking contours of the breast.

Fibroadenoma is usually painless, but only as long as it starts to compress the nerve endings in the breast. After that the pain may appear different nature, often aching, smack in the armpit, and sometimes in the back.

Another feature of the leaf-fibroadenoma is its relatively frequent (compared to the nodal fibroadenoma) degeneration into a malignant tumor.

The symptoms of fibroadenomas in the breast ultrasound

Breast ultrasound is of great importance to detect breast diseases, including fibroadenoma. On ultrasound can assess the structure of glandular and fatty tissue, the condition of the milk ducts, the structure of the tumor, the surrounding breast tissue and nearby lymph nodes.

Nodal fibroadenoma clearly visible on ultrasound. Echogenicity of the tumors decreased in comparison with the surrounding breast tissue. Usually it is homogeneous tumor, but can meet diverse areas ehostruktury. Nodal fibroadenomas have a round or oval shape, width greater than the height and sharp contours. Often fibroadenomas revealed small (and sometimes large) centers of deposits of calcium salts (calcification).

Leaf fibroadenoma characterized by the smoothed outline ehostruktury internal heterogeneity, the presence of inclusions with low echogenicity and scalloped edges.

Ultrasound examination of the breast is recommended for 4-8 day at 28-day and 4-6 day at 21 day menstrual cycle.

The symptoms of fibroadenomas of the breast cytology

In order to distinguish from malignant tumors fibroadenoma Malignant tumor: cells are mad , Carried out a puncture of the tumor, followed by cytological examination of the material obtained. For fibroadenoma is characterized by cubic epithelial cells and connective tissue. In breast cancer, in a biological material appear atypical immature cells.

The symptoms of fibroadenomas of the breast Breast fibroadenoma - a benign tumor that requires Observed   Only a specialist can reveal.

Galina Romanenko

According to statistics, during the life of the one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer. In the early stages of breast cancer usually causes no symptoms. That is why it is so important to be screened regularly.

There are two main types of breast cancer:

• Ductal carcinoma, which begins to develop in the ducts through which the milk from the mammary gland is moved to the teat. This is the most common type of breast cancer.
• Lobular carcinoma Carcinoma - how to prevent disaster?   the proportion of breast cancer strikes - those parts in which the milk is produced.

In rare cases, breast cancer develops in other parts of the breast.

Breast cancer can be invasive or noninvasive. Invasive cancer - a cancer that has spread from the channels and the share of the mammary gland to other breast tissue. A non-invasive cancer is rising in the portion of the breast, which began to evolve.

A non-invasive cancer is also called carcinoma in situ. If untreated, it can develop into invasive cancer.

Most breast cancer develops under the influence of the hormone estrogen. When this type of disease on the surface of cancer cells have estrogen receptors. Such cancer is called estrogen receptor-positive cancer.

Some women develop so-called HER2-positive breast cancer. HER2 - is a gene that helps cells grow, divide, and regenerate. When cells (including cancer cells), too many copies of the gene, they multiply quickly. Experts believe that the HER2-positive breast cancer is more aggressive than other cancers, and is associated with a higher risk of relapse.

Causes and risk factors

Risk factors that do not depend on the person:

• Age. The older you get, the more increases the risk of developing breast cancer. Most often it occurs in women older than 50 years.
• Breast cancer is a family history. Approximately 20-30% of women with breast cancer have a family history of the disease. In addition, the risk of developing breast cancer increases if there is a family history of cancer of the uterus, ovaries and / or rectum.
• Genetics. Some people have genes that make them more susceptible to the development of breast cancer. The most common gene defects have corresponding genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. These genes normally produce proteins that protect human cancer. Women with one of these defective genes likely to develop breast cancer in their lifetime is 80%.
• Menstrual cycle. The risk of developing breast cancer is increased in women who started early periods (up to 12 years) and late menopause - after 55 years.

Other risk factors:

• Alcohol abuse. Women who drink daily more than 1-2 glasses of alcohol, more than others prone to develop breast cancer.
• Childbirth. Women who have never given birth, and women who have given birth to their first child after age 30 are at risk of developing breast cancer. More than one pregnancy or early pregnancy reduces the likelihood of developing the disease.
• Diethylstilbestrol. Women who took diethylstilbestrol to prevent miscarriage Miscarriage - can you protect yourself from it? They fall into the risk of developing breast cancer. This drug is often used in the 1940s-1960s.
• Hormone replacement therapy. The risk of developing breast cancer is increased in those who took hormone therapy Hormone therapy - is it possible to fool nature?   with the use of estrogen for a year or more.
• Obesity may also trigger the development of breast cancer, although this link is controversial. There is a theory according to which women are obese, produces more estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health Which contributes to the development of cancer.
• Radiation. If you had radiation therapy, or were exposed to radiation in different conditions, you also are at risk for development of breast cancer.
• Breast implants, using antiperspirants, and wearing bras do not increase the risk of developing breast cancer. There is no evidence of a direct link between breast cancer and pesticides.

Symptoms

With the development of cancer, it can cause the following symptoms:

• Nodule in the breast or armpit - hard, with rough edges and usually painless;
• Changing the size, shape or structure of the breast or nipple - for example, redness, roughness or bumps on the skin;
• Discharge from the nipple - may be bloody, clear or yellowish and greenish, or pus-like.

In the later stages of cancer causes the following symptoms:

• Pain in the bones;
• Pain and discomfort in the chest;
• Ulcers on the skin;
• Swelling in the hand (from the chest, in which the cancer develops);
• Weight loss.