Prosthesis - a dental treatment, whose task is to replace the missing and restore badly damaged teeth. The main methods of prosthetics are: the installation of crowns or bridges, implants and prosthetic work.

Crown

Crown - full coverage of the damaged tooth. This method is used in prosthetic significant damage to tooth structure when filling could further weaken a tooth, or if it does not suit the patient because of the cosmetic aspects. The crown covers the visible part of the tooth, preventing it from further destruction and increasing functionality. Today, the most commonly used metal-ceramic crowns - they are good from an aesthetic point of view, and are strong enough. More modern all-ceramic crowns are also very durable and look more natural.

Bridges

With the help of so-called dental bridge can replace the missing tooth or teeth. Thus, the occlusion is stabilized and the other teeth are protected from possible damage. Furthermore, the functionality returns to the teeth. Essentially, a dental bridge - these are the same bits, but firmly connected to one another. Dental bridges can be metal-ceramic, plastic, or the latest, of zirconium oxide.

Dentures

With dentures can replace one or all of the missing teeth. Teeth for prosthesis made of plastic or ceramic. If the patient were his teeth, partial dentures appointed. Full dentures - a replacement of the patient's teeth. The prosthesis must be removed every day and thoroughly cleaned. Patients with a removable prosthesis, as a rule, you can eat any food - modern prostheses are strong enough to withstand a lot of pressure.

Implantation

Implantation - another way of prosthetics are usually much more expensive than the previous ones. The whole procedure takes a lot of time. First, in the jawbone in the area of ​​the missing tooth is inserted titanium screws. Over the next four to six months, they are "implanted" into the bone. Metal screws are placed over the device to create a space for future gums implants. Some time later, the patient put implants. One major advantage of implantation that implants do not depend on adjacent teeth (as bridges) or from the remaining structure of the patient's own tooth (such as crowns).

Today it is difficult to imagine life without the prosthetics, which is engaged in prosthetic dentistry. We are so accustomed to being able to replace natural teeth with artificial, it seems as if it has always been. But this is not so, there were times when the teeth have not yet learned to recover.

What is the prosthetic dentistry

Prosthetic dentistry - is one of the branch of medicine that studies the integrity and function of the teeth and jaws, their diagnosis and the development of methods of prevention and treatment by prosthetics.

Dentures was used in ancient times. During the excavation of ancient cities are artificial teeth made of bone and teeth of people who are attached to adjacent teeth by means of gold or silver wire. In ancient Rome, engaged in the manufacture of dentures barbers, jewelers and other artisans. Only in the XI century Arab surgeon Abul-Qasim, doing dentistry, dentures initiated as a section of medicine.

Dentist-orthopedist starts prosthetics Fundamentals of prosthetics - not just for the elderly   after a thorough examination of dental system. In preparation of the oral cavity to the prosthesis is determined by the size and location of the defect of dentition, the state of the remaining hard tissues of the teeth and periodontal, occlusal view, the shape of the jaw (especially in edentulous jaws), the state of the temporomandibular joint.

Types of dental prosthetics

There are three types of dental prosthetics Dentures - removal of defects : Immediate, short and longer terms. In the first case to prepare prosthetic tooth extraction (or jaw) and applied directly on the wound, not later than 24 hours after surgery. Nearest prosthesis occurs within two weeks after the surgery, when the wound healing is completed. To start a remote prosthetics after complete wound healing occurs and rebuilding bone tissue of alveolar process associated with the removal of teeth, usually 4-6 months after the operation and use of the temporary prosthesis.

Dentures are enough high-grade long until the mobility of the abutment teeth or other changes necessitate the manufacture of a new prosthesis.

Prosthetics have to be preceded by a dental health (treatment of caries More about caries - take care of your teeth until it's too late , Diseases of the mucous membrane), elimination of deformations of dentition, excision scars strands and, if necessary - correction of bridles lips and tongue, sharp edges dental alveoli after tooth extraction.

What are dentures

There are the following dentures:

• to replace defects of crowns of teeth - the so-called tabs that actually perform the role of seals;
• to restore the destroyed tooth crowns - artificial crowns,
• polukoronki pins and teeth;
• to replace individual teeth or groups of teeth; These include fixed and removable prostheses;
• to replace dentition - dentures;
• to replace defects of the dentition, with provisions for splinting (decreasing mobility) mobile teeth;
• tooth-maxillofacial prostheses used to replace dentition defects and areas of the jaws and face.

Fixed and removable prostheses

Fixed or removable dentures Removable prosthetics - is it possible to get used to other people's teeth?   It is carried out only after careful preparation of orthopedic, which comprises treatment plan selection prosthesis design and method of installation. In addition, to ensure that the prosthesis was installed and fixed correctly, sometimes the need for preparation of oral prosthetics, including by means of operations (they are carried out by surgeons at the recommendation of a dentist-orthopedist). This operation may be to eliminate the various defects that hinder the prosthesis, e.g., scarring or irregular jaw. Such training is able to prevent a number of complications of the oral cavity, if carried out in a timely manner.

Removable prosthesis is held frequently in the case, when the dentition is missing one or more teeth. Do this with the following structures: artificial crowns, polukoronok (three-quarter crowns, they cover three-quarters of the tooth), tabs (they close the defect of the tooth and are made from a cast to it), bridges (the prosthesis is based on the two teeth on the edges of the defect, and between them is the body of the prosthesis), cantilever prostheses (almost the same as the bridges, but with the same support, they are used, if the defect is on the edge of the dentition).

Dentures can be substituted as a dental defects, and completely edentulous jaws. These prostheses are plate and clasp (arc) prosthesis. Recent modern and prostheses are more commonly used today.

In recent years, the practice of a dentist-orthopedist increasingly includes implant prosthetics - titanium roots implanted into the jaw bone. It is carried out in the same way as the normal prosthesis. Such structures are highly reliable.

Modern prosthetic dentistry can completely change a person's appearance.

Galina Romanenko