Cutaneous manifestations of syphilis is at all stages. The elements of the skin may be of different nature, causing syphilis Syphilis - punishment of Venus   They are often mistaken for other diseases, long, hard and unsuccessfully treated, it eventually leads to the spread of infection to the internal organs, brain and spinal cord.

Syphilis on the skin in the primary stage of the disease

The first stage of syphilis or primary syphilis is manifested most often in the form of a single element in the skin, which is called a chancre. Chancre appears on the skin at the site of the introduction of syphilis - pale treponem so often can be seen on the genitals. In men, this head and the back of the penis and the inner layer of the foreskin, at least - the skin of the scrotum and pubic area. Women chancre often located in small and large labia and clitoris, at least - in the inner thighs.

But it can also occur for the red border lips (resulting in kissing) or in any other area of ​​skin infection in a household. But for syphilis pathogen penetrated through the skin, it should be at least a little damage: microtrauma, abrasion, wound, ulcer and so on. That is why domestic syphilis is transmitted means rare.

Chancre begins with the appearance in about 3-4 weeks (the incubation period can last from 8 days to six months) of small pink spots or papules with a solid foundation on the skin ranging in size from a few millimeters to 2 cm in diameter. Since it is absolutely painless element, it is often overlooked. After some time in the center of the papules appear, and tissue necrosis, a small painless sore round shape, smooth edges and high-solid foundation - a chancre.

Chancre most often solitary, rarely occur simultaneously 2-3 and a chancre, which are approximately the same stage of development. Rarely can watch the gradual development of multiple chancre in persons exposed to re-infection during the incubation period or within the first 10-12 days of the chancre - a so-called seronegative period of syphilis, when the blood has not yet appeared antibodies to Treponema pallidum.

After 6-7 weeks, a chancre disappears even without treatment and the disease enters the second stage - secondary syphilis.

Skin syphilis in the secondary period

Secondary syphilis begins at times not yet fully disappeared chancre. Secondary syphilis with the first period of abundant bright rash on the skin called secondary fresh. In this case, the patient's blood revealed a large number of infectious agents (pale treponem), and toxins that contribute to the appearance of rashes on the skin. At the same time the body produces enough antibodies to destroy pathogens, which leads to the disappearance of the rash and the development of the next period - secondary latent or dormant. After that, the rash appears (in the blood of many pale treponem) disappears (antibodies destroy pathogens) - a secondary recurrent syphilis. All secondary syphilis may last for 3-4 years without treatment.

Secondary syphilis manifests itself on the skin as a roseolous (in a pale pink spots), papular (a bluish or purple elevations on the skin) or pustular (in the form of pustules) rash. Thus at the open secondary syphilis rash brighter, abundant and symmetrical, while recurrent secondary syphilis - less bright and often has grouped character. Often, the skin may appear simultaneously all the elements of the rash. And as the rash is not accompanied by common symptoms, patients often do not notice at the beginning of its development.

The rash of secondary syphilis Secondary syphilis - can proceed unnoticed for several years   it is can be confused with symptoms of other skin diseases, it may be the nature of psoriasis, acne Acne: facial trouble , Seborrhea, bubbly rash, warts wide (they need to be distinguished from genital warts viral origin), located just on the palms and soles, and so on.

All rashes secondary period of syphilis disappear, usually without a trace and without treatment in 3-4 years, the disease becomes Tertiary period.

The manifestation of syphilis on the skin in the Tertiary period

Tertiary period is characterized by the fact that the blood is very pale treponem content decreases and thus there is a sharp increase in the sensitivity of the patient to them (sensitization).

Skin rash with tertiary syphilis Tertiary syphilis - the final stage of the disease   are bumps and Gunma formed as a result of allergic reactions to tissue necrosis, so they always leave behind scars.

The bumps - it is small (0, 3 and 1 cm in diameter) clear dense rounded education reddish-bluish color, located in the skin and are prone to bundling. In the center of these bumps necrosis begins, after which the skin initially formed small sores and scarring later.

Gunma - education is up to 1, 5 cm in diameter, located in the deep layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Gunma more often single, they also settled in the form of necrosis, followed by the formation of nonhealing ulcers and large scars.

Distinguish cutaneous manifestations of syphilis from the symptoms of other skin diseases can only be a specialist.

Galina Romanenko

Syphilis in the mouth may be a manifestation of all stages of the disease. But more often seen in the mouth of primary syphilis as a result of introduction of the infectious agent (Treponema pallidum) in the lining of the mouth, lips, gums, tongue, palate almonds, pharynx, larynx, and so on.

Why and how syphilis develops in the mouth

Syphilis of the mouth is often the result of oral sex or kissing with syphilis, as well as infection by the medical instruments, for example, in the course of treatment by a dentist or an otolaryngologist.

As a result of an infection in 3-4 weeks (the incubation period can last from a week to six months) in the oral mucosa, tongue, or upper respiratory tract appears chancre or primary syphiloma. A week later increased the nearby (submandibular and cervical) lymph nodes Lymph nodes - what keeps our immune system .

After 2-3 months after infection or 6-7 weeks after the appearance of the chancre infectious agents appear in the blood, which leads to the appearance of the skin and mucous membranes of the different kinds of eruptions - syphilides. This secondary syphilis Secondary syphilis - can proceed unnoticed for several years Which initially also passes without a trace, then recur periodically over the years.

After 3-6 years after the onset of the disease begins tertiary syphilis Syphilis - punishment of Venus   not only with the defeat of the skin and mucous membranes, but also the internal organs and the nervous system. And this stage of syphilis can also manifest on the mucous membrane of the mouth and upper respiratory tract in the form of characteristic syphilides - gummas and bumps.

Primary syphilis in the mouth: the symptoms

Chancre most often single (but sometimes there may be several). Typical is the localization of chancre on the red border of lips, mucous membrane of the tongue, tonsils, back of the throat. Less typical appearance of it on the gums, buccal mucosa, soft and hard palate in the area of ​​the larynx.

Initially, the mucosa appears edematous painless red spot in the middle of it then disintegrates tissue (necrosis) and the diameter of the ulcer formed from several mm to 2 cm (average of 5-10 mm) with straight edges raised bright red color. The bottom of the ulcer is a hard smooth surface and bright red color. The ulcer is painless. On the lips of a chancre may have an atypical form of the long-term running cracks or binding. Sometimes syphilis on the lips is a thickening of the skin in the form of a mushroom cap with a diameter up to two cm.

Syphilis in the language can be manifested in the form of a significant inflammatory infiltrate and above the level of healthy tissue in the form of a saucer, turned upside down. Syphilis on the gums is a bright red eroded portion of the mucous membrane in the form of a crescent, located next to the teeth.

Syphilis throat is manifested in the appearance of the chancre on the palatine tonsil. Defeat usually unilateral. The amygdala becomes bright red, increases in size, but it is painless. Sometimes the amygdala appears characteristic ulcers with smooth edges and thick bottom. In this case, there is a pain in the throat - evidence of secondary bacterial infection.

Secondary syphilis of the mouth

Secondary syphilis is characterized by the appearance of the skin and mucous membranes of the large variety of the nature of the rash. In the oral mucosa are most often found in the form of a rash of red spots, prone to mergers and the formation of large erythematous lesions, as well as papules.

For this stage of the disease is characterized by loss of the pharynx, larynx, hard and soft palate. Syphilis throat often is eroded papular syphilides, the main manifestation of the disease will be a long obsessive dry cough Dry cough - whether to worry about it? . Syphilis larynx may manifest as hoarseness.

Tertiary syphilis of the mouth

Syphiloma and bumps - is the main manifestation of syphilis in the mouth. Syphiloma can be located anywhere in the oral mucosa, but their favorite localization - in language, soft and hard palate. Syphilis is usually manifested sky audio Gummi - painless bundle, of up to 1, 5 cm in diameter (or tubercle to 1 cm in diameter), which after a while is opened and turns into a deep ulcer. Ulcer healing occurs in 12-16 weeks and ends with the formation of the drawn stellate scar.

Syphilis of the mouth are sometimes quite difficult to distinguish from a sore throat, pharyngitis, stomatitis and gingivitis.

Galina Romanenko