Tamiflu - an antiviral medication is oral, inhibits the action of enzymes involved in the reproduction and spread of influenza viruses in humans. It is used for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory infections caused by influenza virus types A and B.

The mechanism of action of Tamiflu

Tamiflu (INN - oseltamivir phosphate) - this is an antiviral agent which is produced by the pharmaceutical company F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Switzerland in capsules of 75 mg in the form of a powder for suspension for oral administration of 30 grams in a bottle with a measured glass and dosing syringe.

Tamiflu - a drug which is a prodrug - active substance (oseltamivir carboxylate) is formed by the decomposition of oseltamivir phosphate in humans, in particular in the liver under the influence of hepatic enzymes. Oseltamivir carboxylate inhibits the action of the neuraminidase enzyme of influenza virus types A and B.

Neuraminidase accelerate biological processes release of new virus particles from infected epithelial cells of the human respiratory tract, their penetration into the healthy cells of the respiratory epithelium and the further spread of the viral infection in the body. All these processes are suppressed when receiving Tamiflu Tamiflu - an antiviral drug for the treatment and prevention of influenza . Is suppressed and the process of virus isolation from the patient, which greatly reduces the risk of transmission of infection to others.

Tamiflu reduces the duration of the disease, including the duration of the acute period of the disease accompanied by high fever and signs of intoxication. When taking this drug reduced the number and severity of bacterial complications of influenza - inflammatory diseases of the bronchi, lungs, upper respiratory tract (sinusitis, sinusitis, otitis).

How effective is Tamiflu for other viral infections of the respiratory system (in addition to influenza viruses A and B) has not been studied.

When Tamiflu prophylactically greatly reduced risk of influenza, and if the contact with the patient is still very sick, the disease is easier and does not last so long.

Tamiflu is output as an active metabolite in the urine (mostly) and faeces.

Indications and contraindications

Indication for Tamiflu (it is taken by a doctor) are the treatment and prevention of influenza types A and B in adults and children older than one year of disease duration less than two days.

Tamiflu is contraindicated if you are hypersensitive drug components, severe renal impairment, and children up to a year. With caution and only for health reasons (on prescription), this drug is used to treat pregnant women as clinical research in this cohort of patients was conducted. With care it is used and during lactation (excreted in human milk).

Children under the age of thirteen Tamiflu is recommended to take a suspension.

Side effects and possible overdose

Tamiflu is generally good tolerated, but possible occurrence of side effects. Quite often there are side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain. Rarely there may be gastrointestinal bleeding, liver function abnormalities, which are expressed mainly in the form of changes in laboratory parameters (liver function tests), and (very rarely) in the form of hepatitis.

On the part of the central nervous system may cause headaches, sleep disorders Dreams: how to understand our dreams , Fatigue, irritability, weakness, seizure, psychosis.

On the part of the respiratory system may cause cough, epistaxis, nasal congestion, runny nose, bronchitis Bronchitis - protection if the body has malfunctioned , Otitis media, sinusitis Sinusitis - when a puncture is required , Sinusitis, bronchial asthma attack.

Perhaps the emergence of conjunctivitis, acute herpes, inflammation of lymph nodes, various allergic reactions.

An overdose of Tamiflu is not described, but it can be assumed increased side effects of this drug in the form of nausea, vomiting, headaches and disorders of consciousness.

Not Tamiflu described as incompatible with taking any other drug.

Tamiflu - an antiviral drug is effective for the treatment and prevention of influenza types A and B. The data on the effectiveness of this drug in the treatment of viral infections of the respiratory tract caused by other infectious agents, the company - the manufacturer is not available.

Galina Romanenko

It is important to take anaferon correctly: keep the mouth (in the cheek or under the tongue) to complete resorption. In this case, the active substance of the drug directly into the blood and activates the immune system exerts its antiviral activity.

Features anaferon

Anaferon tablets contain active substances in ultra-small (homeopathic) doses. Therefore, any side effects and overdoses of this material can not be. Available only idiosyncrasy of the substance, which may manifest itself in the form of allergic and non-allergic reactions.

Conversely, excipients in this preparation are not homeopathic and conventional doses. Especially matter content Anaferon Anaferon - activates antiviral immunity   lactose - milk sugar. In healthy people, the lactose does not cause any discomfort, but if a person produces enough enzymes for its digestion (lactase), or if the breached absorption of simple sugars in the small intestine, it may develop side effects such as bloating, diarrhea, spastic pain during bowel.

As the "work" pills anaferon

Anaferon - is, above all, an antiviral drug. It contains ultralow doses of antibodies Antibodies - "soldiers' immunity   to the antiviral protein interferon (gamma-interferon). Experimentally it has been found that such ultra low dose reported to stimulate human intrinsic (endogenous) interferon, and its early species - alpha- and beta-interferons. Later come and gamma-interferons. At the same time increases the number of cytokines - biologically active substances that regulate the intracellular and intercellular relationships.

Sensitivity to Anaferon show all the viruses that cause acute respiratory infections (ARI), influenza, intestinal infections (enteroviruses, rotavirus), herpes infection, tick-borne encephalitis and others.

Furthermore, anaferon stimulates immunity. Stimulation of cellular immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults   It leads to increased phagocytosis (destruction of infectious agents specific immune cells). Stimulation of humoral immunity leads to an increase in the blood of antibodies (immunoglobulins) pathogen (antibodies bind to cells, pathogens, neutralize them, and then the complexes are removed from the body). It stimulates the formation of primarily immunoglobulin A, which destroys pathogens to mucous membranes, that is, immediately after their introduction into the body.

How to take anaferon for viral respiratory tract infections

Tablets anaferon taken under the tongue or in the cheek and lay hold there until resorption. In acute respiratory viral infections drug taking tablet 4 times in the first two hours (preferably begin taking it as soon as possible after the onset of the disease) and then three times during the first day at regular intervals. In the following days, he was taken on a tablet three times a day until complete recovery.

For the prevention of SARS anaferon taking a tablet daily for a long time (from one to three months).

How to take the tablets anaferon viral intestinal infections

The same reception mode anaferon intestinal infections of viral origin. These infections, especially intestinal infections are viral Coxsackie and ECHO, as well as common today rotavirus infection Rotavirus: favorable prognosis   (intestinal or stomach flu).

All intestinal infections of viral origin most often develop in the summer or early autumn. Most often outbreaks of these diseases occur in children's camps located near water (sea, lake, pond, river). Therefore, some pediatricians recommend prophylactic anaferon children in the camps. Take it on a tablet a day during the time associated with the sea or river swimming.

How to take the drug for herpes infections

When herpes infections ("cold" on the lips, genital herpes, chicken pox, shingles) anaferon appoint the first-third day of tablet 8 times a day, and then on the tablet 4 times a day for three to four weeks. To prevent a recurrence of the disease it is used as a tablet a day for a long time.

Application anaferon in the complex treatment of a bacterial infection or to treat immune deficiencies requires individually selected dosage that is prescribed by a doctor.

Anaferon - it is rather a preventive medication, but it can also have a therapeutic effect.

Galina Romanenko