There are three main types of incorrect posture. Kyphosis - curvature of the spine in which the bulge is drawn back, or curvature of the upper spine. Lordosis - curvature of the spine in which the camber turns ahead - the curvature of the lumbar spine, and sometimes cervical spine. Scoliosis - lateral curvature of the spine.

Ithylordosis

Lordosis is characterized by too much concave lumbar spine. It occurs in patients of all age groups. Lordosis can cause severe discomfort and pain; in some cases it gives flexibility.

Violations that may contribute to the development of lordosis:

• Discitis - inflammation of the intervertebral space;
• Kyphosis - lordosis may develop payment curving top of the spine;
• Obesity - to better maintain balance, obese can greatly deviate back, which has a negative effect on your posture;
• Osteoporosis - a violation, because of which the bones become more brittle and harder to keep the spine to its normal shape;
• Spondylolisthesis - displacement of the vertebrae relative to adjacent vertebrae; violation is especially true for the lumbar spine.

Lordosis not all require special treatment. In most cases, it does not cause particular problems, and the patient can correct it by using the usual exercises to improve posture. If the curvature becomes persistent (fixed), you may need medical attention.

Kyphosis

Kyphosis - a generic name of posture, which is characterized by the curvature of the upper spine. Thus, to kyphosis include various types of violations, from subtle stoop to gibbosity.

Kyphosis can occur at any age, but is rare in infants. Its main causes are:

• Degenerative diseases of the spine;
• Fractures caused by osteoporosis Osteoporosis - he threatens you? ;
• Injuries;
• Spondylolisthesis;
• Some endocrine disorders;
• Connective tissue diseases;
• Infectious diseases;
• Muscular dystrophy;
• Paget's disease;
• Polio.

In the diagnosis of kyphosis than visual inspection can be used:

• X-rays of the spine;
• Pulmonary function tests (used if kyphosis causes breathing problems);
• Magnetic resonance imaging (can be used in cases of suspected tumor, infection, or neurological symptoms).

Mild forms of kyphosis often do not require treatment and are not considered serious violations.

The choice of treatment when kyphosis depends on the type and caused the basic offense. In congenital kyphosis requires corrective surgery at an early age. Scheuermann's disease - a variety of incorrect posture, characterized by a very strong curvature of the spine - are treated with the help of physical therapy and, in some cases, used surgical methods.

If kyphosis induced tumors require aggressive treatment, often with the use of both drugs and surgical techniques.

In the most severe cases of kyphosis can be complications of lung volume reduction, a very strong back pain, paralysis of the legs and spinal deformity.

Scoliosis

Unlike the kyphosis and lordosis, scoliosis - a type of incorrect posture, which is always a violation and must be treated.

There are three main types of scoliosis:

• Congenital scoliosis is caused by a violation of the structure of the spine or ribs during prenatal development, or early in life.
• Neuromuscular scoliosis Scoliosis - when the spine is curved   may be the result of poor muscle control or muscle weakness, and paralysis caused by diseases such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, spina bifida, and polio.
• Idiopathic scoliosis - a term used to describe the cases of scoliosis that developed for unknown reasons. Idiopathic scoliosis - is the most common type of scoliosis in adolescents.

Usually, scoliosis, developed in childhood or adolescence, compounded over time.

For the diagnosis of scoliosis, in addition to regular medical examination, using skoliozometr, x-rays and MRIs.

For the treatment of scoliosis in children Scoliosis in children - is treatable, but can progress rapidly   and adolescents often use bandages - they slow down the development of the disorder. Surgical treatments are used at bends more than 40 degrees.

Complications of scoliosis are often serious psychological problems, arthritis Arthritis - a variety of forms and complications Problems with the respiratory system, as well as infection and injury to the spinal cord and / or nerves as a result of surgery.

Offset vertebrae most often observed in the lumbar spine. In some cases, the dislocation of vertebrae begin to put pressure on the nerve roots, causing severe pain and discomfort.

Reasons for displacement of the vertebrae

Often associated with the offset vertebral degenerative changes in bone tissue. The most common disorders of this type are observed in women over 60 years old, but are often found after 40 years, which may be due to hormonal changes.

Another reason for the displacement of the vertebrae can be isthmic spondylolisthesis. The crack in the pars interarticularis- small bone that connects the facet joints can be disconnected from the vertebrae of the facet joints. Such a violation is typical for people engaged in sports activities related to the constant pressure on the spine. In addition, some people have an innate structural features of the spine, which make them susceptible to cervical dislocation.

Much less displacement of the vertebrae cause infectious diseases and tumors, trauma and the effects of surgery.

Symptoms

Very often negligible displacement of the vertebrae causes no symptoms. Often, a violation is detected during a routine medical examination.

In some cases, the displacement of the vertebrae can cause the following symptoms:

• Low back pain (this is the most common symptom, but it is typical for a large number of other disorders);
• Decreasing mobility, numbness in the back;
• Increased pain Low back pain: the spine signals   after exercise;
• Sciatica;
• Muscle cramps;
• Leg pain, weakness and / or numbness due to nerve entrapment Pinched nerve - what to do when severe pain?
• Cripple.

Treatment

In most cases it is possible to cure the displacement of the vertebrae without surgery. For the treatment used:

• Short-term restriction of physical activity or bed rest;
• Admission OTC or prescription analgesics;
• Anti-inflammatory drugs;
• Muscle relaxants;
• Injectable steroids;
• Physiotherapy;
• Corsets.

If symptoms do not improve or continue to deteriorate, you may need more aggressive treatment, such as surgery. In cases where the displacement of the vertebrae causes neurological problems, surgery may be the only suitable method of treatment.

Surgeries in the displacement of the vertebrae is carried out with a view to relieve pain and stabilize the spine. In many clinics now conduct minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of vertebral displacement. This greatly reduces and simplifies the recovery period after surgery, and reduces the risk of complications.