Diazolin - antihistamine, which exerts its effect by the fact that blocks histamine H1-receptors. International name of the drug - mebhydrolin. The main effects diazolin - antiallergic and decongestant, so use diazolin regard to areas such as allergic reactions (hypersensitivity reactions of the first type, also known as atopic, reaginic and immediate type reactions) and swelling (especially of the mucous membranes).

Diazolin available in tablets and dragees. They need to be taken orally, not liquid, during a meal or after it.

The principle of operation diazolin

Because diazolin binds to tissue H1-receptor, which affects histamine effect of the latter is leveled (by H2-receptor diazolin not affected). The drug does not reduce the amount of histamine in human blood, but merely prevents its interaction with receptors located in the smooth muscle cells of bronchi, blood vessels, intestine, uterus. For a good idea of ​​when to use diazolin need to know exactly what the effects of histamine has, the effect of which is blocked by this pharmacological agent.

What is histamine?

The hormone is in granules of mast cells and basophils, histamine call. He - the main party of immediate type allergic reactions: his release from the cells in the blood is a result of the interaction of antigen with immunoglobulin E. In its stimulation of the H1-receptor initiates a mediator following main reactions of the body:

• dilation of small blood vessels, which may result cause an increase in their permeability and edema after Prevention and treatment of edema - it is important to understand the root cause   (for example, in allergic rhinitis);
• contraction of smooth muscle cells of bronchi and bronchioles that can lead to bronchospasm;
• reduction of intestinal smooth muscle cells and the uterus (increased peristalsis);
• some stimulation of the afferent nerves.

Stimulation of histamine H2-receptor causes the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, however, these receptors are not blocked Diazolinum.

In some cases, recommended the use of diazolin

The basic function of this drug - the elimination of excessive effect of histamine in allergic reactions of the first type.

Diazolin removes mucosal edema arising with allergic rhinitis (such as allergic to the pollen of flowering plants), conjunctivitis or insect bites, due to the fact that increased vascular tone and permeability decreases. Accordingly, at the same time it contributes to a slight increase in blood pressure Blood pressure - dangerous if his swing? That should be taken into account in his appointment.

This drug is used for allergic conditions such as urticaria, itching of allergic origin (including drug allergies), idiopathic eczema.

Despite the fact that diazolin relaxes the smooth muscle cells of the airways, it is not used for the treatment of bronchial asthma and anaphylactic shock, since there are more efficient in these conditions antihistamines.

This formulation compares favorably with these first generation drugs (such as diphenhydramine) as slightly penetrates the blood-brain barrier, respectively, side effects of drowsiness and sedation it downward.

Contraindications to the use of the drug

Diazolin should not be given to children aged up to three years, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. In the light stimulation of gastric secretion, it is contraindicated in peptic ulcer disease and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It can not be applied in angle-closure glaucoma Angle-closure glaucoma - possibly severe course of the disease Epilepsy Epilepsy - a sacred disease , Heart rhythm disturbances and prostatic hypertrophy.

Contraindications and consider individual intolerance diazolin.

  Angioedema - a swelling, which develops directly beneath the skin surface frequently - around the lips and eyes. Typically, it is the result of an allergic reaction, when the body produces histamine, which causes inflammation of blood vessels. Angioedema is similar to hives, but it develops much deeper. Triggers an allergic reaction, which occurs as a result of angioedema can be pollens, detergents, food products, perfumes, cosmetics, medicines, salt water, sunlight, insect bites. In very rare cases angioedema is a sign of serious underlying diseases, such as leukemia and Hodgkin's disease.

There are two basic types of angioedema:

• Hereditary angioedema (HAE) - a rare genetic disorder
• Acquired angioedema (PAO)

In most cases, it occurs in a mild form, but sometimes affects the throat and tongue, blocking the airways - in this case the condition can be life-threatening.

Signs and symptoms

The most common symptoms of angioedema include:

• The sudden appearance of a reddish swelling on the skin, most often around the eyes and lips, but sometimes - on the hands, feet and throat.
• Burning, pain, and inflammation in the affected areas; sometimes itch.
• Diskoloratsiya or a rash on the hands, feet, face and genitals.
• In rare cases - a hoarse voice, a feeling of pressure in the throat, shortness of breath.

Causes

In some cases, the cause of angioedema is unclear, but most often it causes an allergic reaction. From food triggers most often shellfish, nuts and dairy products. Medicinal preparations - steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen), drugs for treatment of high blood pressure, aspirin and antibiotics Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future? .

The following factors may increase the risk of angioedema:

• Hives or angioedema in history
• Allergic reactions, strikes the vast areas of the skin, a history
• Injuries, sudden changes in temperature, stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis   and / or increased anxiety Anxiety - how to distinguish normal from disease?
• Recent dental surgery
• Ovarian cyst

Diagnostics

In most cases, the doctor makes a diagnosis based on external characteristics and history. Additional investigations may be needed only if the suspicion of a serious underlying condition. Blood and urine tests can help determine the cause of angioedema.

Treatment

For the treatment of mild forms of angioedema usually use non-prescription antihistamines or alternative therapies. Without treatment, such attacks are an average of 4 days. In severe cases, the first breath of the patient is reduced, then the other symptoms facilitate and establish allergen.

To facilitate the attacks are well suited Benadryl, Zyrtec and Claritin. Please note that Benadryl refers to an old generation antihistamines cause drowsiness. To remove the more severe symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroids; sometimes require an injection of epinephrine.

After elimination of the symptoms you will receive instructions on how to prevent further attacks. This typically requires the exclusion from the diet of certain foods and supplementation Food additives - basic classification Containing vitamin C, vitamin B12, quercetin and bromelain.

Vitamin C (2-4 g per day) helps reduce histamine levels. Vitamin B12 (1000 mg per week by injection) reduces the frequency of attacks. It is unknown whether the oral administration of vitamin same effect.

Quercetin may reduce the chance of developing an allergic reaction. It is recommended to take 200-400 mg of quercetin three times daily before meals. If you are allergic to citrus or hypersensitivity to calcium channel blockers should avoid taking flavonoid derived from citrus.

Bromelain is sometimes used to reduce inflammation. It should not be for those who are allergic to citrus. In addition, it may increase the risk of bleeding, so if you are taking any blood thinning medication, before using consult your doctor bromelain.