- How alcohol affects the condition of the skin?
- Diseases
Late cutaneous porphyria
The results of this disease can be photosensitivity, skin fragility, blistering and dry crusts, scleroderma and intensive hair growth (hypertrichosis) on the skin, most often exposed to the sun (eg, on the face and hands). Alcohol - the most common cause of acquired porphyria cutanea tarda; it is often observed in patients suffering from chronic liver disease. The accumulation of porphyrins is due to the shortage uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase - an enzyme necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin. Among other factors that may become triggers late cutaneous porphyria - a high level of estrogen
Estrogen - the key to bone health
and viral infections (particularly hepatitis
Hepatitis - the scourge of our time
FROM).
Cancer
Abuse of alcohol increases the risk of liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer, and some cancers of the skin, including - squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Alcohol is also associated with an increased risk of oral cancer.
The increase in the likelihood of developing cancer with alcohol abuse the following reasons:
- Alcohol suppresses the immune system and gives the supply of nutrients to the cells, thereby weakening the natural defense mechanisms of the organism;
- The main metabolite of ethanol - acetaldehyde is a carcinogen. It promotes the production of free radicals that can cause DNA damage;
- Man, abusing alcohol, may become more sensitive to the effects of ultraviolet radiation.
Nutritional deficiencies
Nutritional deficiencies can develop in people who are getting more calories from alcohol than from a normal meal; their digestive system becomes adequately processed food that leads to malabsorption. The first sign of this disorder is the dryness and loss of skin elasticity.
- Vitamin A deficiency leads to dry skin and follicular hyperkeratosis.
- Signs of a lack of vitamin B1 (thiamine) are characteristic "waxy" skin, and redness and thickening of the tongue.
- The main signs of deficiency of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) are angular cheilitis (cracked skin at the corners of the mouth), atrophic glossitis (inflammation of the tongue) and a rash on the face, which resembles seborrheic dermatitis.
- Pellagra - a deficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin), symptoms of which are the three "D": diarrhea, dementia and dermatitis; dermatitis symptoms appear on the skin, often exposed to sunlight. Patients with pellagra can also be observed cheilitis and glossitis.
- Deficiency of vitamin C can lead to gum disease and follicular hyperkeratosis.
- Lack of zinc causes a disorder known as the acquired enteropathic acrodermatitis, the symptoms of which appear on the hands and feet, around the mouth and anus.
Problems with the oral cavity caused by a deficiency of nutrients on the background of alcoholism:
- Dryness and peeling lips (cheilitis);
- Gum disease;
- Tooth decay;
- The appearance of small black knobs on the language associated with the active multiplication of bacteria.
Skin diseases associated with alcohol
It should be noted that all of the following disorders may also appear in non-drinking humans. However, the abuse of alcohol trigger their development or aggravate symptoms in human patients.
Alcohol induces vasodilation and redness of the skin, which can make rosacea symptoms more pronounced. However, it has not been proven that alcohol abuse may be the cause of rosacea.
Classic "nose drunkard" (rhinophyma) - pineal education on the nose, which is considered to be one of the symptoms of alcoholism, may in fact be totally unrelated to ethanol. In one study, which involved 175 people with rosacea, and 145 people with healthy skin, it turned out that the ratio of people who regularly consume alcohol, in both groups equally.
Alcohol abuse increases the risk of recurrent attacks of psoriasis. People who consume very large amounts of alcohol, the symptoms of psoriasis
The symptoms of psoriasis - a great variety
especially noticeable on the fingers and hands. People with psoriasis and consume more than 80 g of alcohol per week, more than the other, there are heavy and resistant to the treatment of psoriasis, including - erythrodermic psoriasis. This may be a weakening of the immune system.
In addition, regular use of high doses of alcohol reduces the chances of psoriasis, as some medications are contraindicated in diseases of the liver (methotrexate) and elevated triglycerides (acitretin). Experts also note that in patients suffering from psoriasis and alcoholism are more likely than others, depression develops.
Seborrheic dermatitis is more common in people who abuse alcohol than those who drank little, or not drink at all.
Nummulyarny dermatitis also often occurs in people who abuse alcohol, especially if they disrupted the liver.
Because of a weakened immune system, lack of nutrients and increased risk of injury in people who abuse alcohol, often develop skin infections. Such infections include:
- Bacterial infections, which in some cases lead to sepsis (this, for example, infections caused by streptococci, staphylococci, and other bacteria);
- Fungal infections are also very common, but they rarely cause sepsis. These include: shingles
Ringworm - not only infectious disease
, Onychomycosis, pityriasis versicolor.
Hives may appear within minutes or hours after consuming alcohol; sometimes it is a sign of an allergic reaction. Redness and increase in temperature of the skin under the influence of alcohol called cholinergic urticaria.
- Increased sensitivity to alcohol
Alcohol can cause an allergic reaction or symptoms similar to the symptoms of allergies. Among these symptoms - skin rash, decreased heart rate, shortness of breath, diarrhea. For some people, even small doses of alcohol cause a severe allergic reaction. This may be due to congenital defects of enzymes responsible for the processing of alcohol, or with an allergy to some component of alcoholic beverage - for example, dyes, preservatives or fragrances.