SVT: heart works naiznos

Supraventricular (atrial or supraventricular) tachycardia is manifested in the form of sudden heart palpitations, which is felt even without probing pulse. The heart rate reaches 140-250 beats per minute. If supraventricular tachycardia pulses are formed above the ventricles, namely in the atria or the atrioventricular node.

Our heart is divided into four sections or chambers: two upper chambers are called atria and the bottom two - ventricles. The atrium receives blood from the blood vessels and the walls of the atria rezultatet sokrscheny blood is pushed into the ventricles. Acronyms walls of the ventricles of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary vessels and other body parts. Average heart rate - 60-90 beats per minute. Heart rate over 100 beats per minute is considered tachycardia.

Special cells coordinate the contraction of cardiac muscles through electrical pulses. These special cells form the sinoatrial, or sinus node, which is located in the right atrium and atriventrikulyarny node and bundle branch block, located in the wall between the right and left ventricles. Sinoatrial node, natural pacemaker, generates electrical signals and sends them to atrioventricular node. Atrioventricular node then stimulates the bundle of His and its branches, which leads to a reduction in the ventricles. The walls of the atria and ventricles sequentially reduced. Each sequence cuts - it's a heartbeat.

Nerve impulses and hormone levels in blood affect heart rate. Disturbances of cardiac conduction or unstable hormones can lead to heart rhythm abnormalities (arrhythmias).

What happens when a supraventricular tachycardia

• My heart beats so fast that the heart muscle can not relax between contractions.
• When the heart muscles do not relax, it is not Mauger fully shrink, or to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.
• Due to ineffective contractions of the heart the brain is not getting enough blood and oxygen. Therefore, supraventricular tachycardia dizziness or fainting.

Supraventricular tachycardia observed in healthy young children, teenagers, and people with heart disease. Most people who have found supraventricular tachycardia, lead a normal life without any restrictions.

Supraventricular tachycardia is often sporadic (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia). In between episodes of rapid heart rhythm of heart beats it is perfectly normal. Supraventricular tachycardia can also be chronic.

Causes

Paroxysmal supraventricular (supraventricular) tachycardia usually occurs demon symptoms characteristic of other diseases. Nevertheless, it may be associated with a number of diseases, in particular:

• Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis);
• Heart failure;
• Disorders of the thyroid gland The thyroid gland - is responsible for your hormones ;
• Chronic lung disease;
• Pneumonia;
• Pulmonary embolism (a sudden blockage of a pulmonary embolism, which supplies light);
• Pericarditis;
• Taking certain medications and lifestyle;
• Cocaine;
• Alcohol abuse;
• Smoking;
• Excessive consumption of beverages containing caffeine: coffee, tea or soft drinks;
• Emotional stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis ;
• Structural abnormalities, such as Wolff Parkinson White syndrome - a congenital heart anomaly Stronach at which the premature ventricular occurring in the presence of an additional beam of Kent.

Supraventricular tachycardia can also be a side effect of some medications, such as digitalis, asthma medicines or remedies for the common cold. In some cases, the cause of supraventricular tachycardia is unknown.

Symptoms

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the overall health and heart rate. Patients with heart disease and related health problems, symptoms and brings more discomfort accompanied by more complications than people who do not have serious health problems. In some cases, supraventricular tachycardia occurs completely asymptomatic.

Symptoms can appear suddenly and disappear by themselves. They can last from a few minutes to several days. Palpitations during an episode of supraventricular tachycardia causes the heart pump blood less effectively, and organs of the body do not get enough blood to function properly. The following symptoms are typical when palpitations 140-250 beats per minute:

• Feeling that the heart was pounding in his chest;
• Dizziness or fainting;
• Shortness of breath;
• Anxiety;
• Pain or tightness (compression) in the chest.

When to seek medical help

Supraventricular tachycardia, as a rule, is a danger to life only in the presence of other diseases of the heart. Consult a doctor in the following cases:

• Episode palpitations occur for the first time, the symptoms last longer than a few seconds, about a minute or two.
• Do you already have episodes of supraventricular tachycardia, and the current title does not pass even after a reflex action on the vagus neuritis (cough, deep breathing or muscle tension).

In the following situations as soon as possible contact the nearest hospital or call emergency medical care. Do not drive when the go to the hospital.

• You have seen rapid heartbeat and dizziness Dizziness - if the ground is slipping from under his feet   or fainting.
• Palpitations accompanied by chest pain Chest pain is one symptom - a lot of diseases .
• Palpitations accompanied by shortness of breath.

Sinus tachycardia - a condition in which the rate of electric impulses arising in the sinoatrial node (SA node-) learning in comparison with the norm. A normal heart rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute, while sinus tachycardia heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. However, normal heart rate varies with age. In young children, the heart rate is usually from 110 to 150 beats per minute, and gradually slows down during the next six years. Sinus rhythm in older children and adults at rest is an average of 65 to 85 beats per minute.

Pharmacological sinus tachycardia due to effects on sinus node substances such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine and other.

Sinus tachycardia is characterized by ventricular tachycardia, which occurs in the ventricles, and supraventricular (supraventricular) tachycardia that occurs in the atria or the atrioventricular node.

Although sinus tachycardia occurs at any age, most often it is a violation diagnosed in young women aged 27-35 years, with symptoms have a few months to several years. Even at the minimum voltage of heart rate they quickly reaches 140-150 beats per minute.

Causes of sinus tachycardia

In most cases, sinus tachycardia is a consequence of certain physiological factors such as intense exercise or suffering stress experienced by fear or anger. Also, identify the following causes of sinus tachycardia in children and adults:

• Fever, developing at different infectious and inflammatory diseases, including pneumonia, tonsillitis, tuberculosis (increase in body temperature of 1 ° C results in an increase in heart rate, as compared with the usual child 10-15 beats per minute, and adult - 8-9 beats per minute);
• Anxiety;
• Anemia;
• Dehydration;
• Heart failure;
• Malignant hyperthermia;
• Hypovolemia (reduced blood volume);
• Endocrine disorders;
• Hyperthyroidism;
• Sepsis;
• Pulmonary embolism;
• Acute coronary ischemia and myocardial infarction;
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
• Hypoxia;
• Admission stimulants: caffeine, nicotine, cocaine or amphetamines;
• The stress associated with cancer;
• Electric shock;
• Pheochromocytoma.

Sinus tachycardia during pregnancy is also pervasive and is a cause for concern. On average, most pregnant women heart rate accelerates by about 40% and the heart rate increases by 10-20 beats per minute.

Symptoms

Sinus tachycardia Tachycardia - the body to the limit?   asymptomatic, that is not accompanied by any express or severe symptoms. Nevertheless, there are the following minor symptoms of sinus tachycardia:

• Rapid heart rate (over 100 beats per minute, even at rest, although the night heart rate slows to 80 beats per minute);
• Heart pounding in the chest;
• Vertigo (in some cases);
• Syncope (fainting);
• Recurrent chest pain, sometimes sharp and prevent breathing, feeling of tightness in the chest;
• Shortness of breath;
• Fatigue;
• Intolerance to exercise or any kind of physical activity;
• Increased anxiety Anxiety - how to distinguish normal from disease? ;

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is carried out to determine the cause of tachycardia Reasons for tachycardia: disruption of the heart   (damage to the heart or extracardiac factors) and exclusion of other diseases that may have similar symptoms. The leading role in the differential diagnosis of tachycardia, determining the frequency and rhythm of heart rate belongs to the ECG. Echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart is carried out to detect intracardiac pathology causing tachycardia. Electrophysiological Heart Study examines the distribution of the electric pulse of the heart muscle and to determine the mechanism of tachycardia and cardiac conduction disturbances.

Additional research methods (general analysis of blood and urine, determination of thyroid stimulating hormone in the blood, etc.) allow to exclude blood disorders, endocrine disorders, abnormal activity of the central nervous system, pheochromocytoma and substance abuse Substance abuse - as a child back to life? .