Almost no women, which is not expected to be the fear of menopause. Entering menopause, women often feel defective, used and useless to society, and most importantly, myself. And it's the most common mistake, because menopause - it's not the end of life, and a new and natural stage. And this stage is the culmination of a life's journey. Only in the period of menopause a woman can afford to relax and unwind from all of life's obligations.

Menopause

Climacteric (Greek. Klimakter - stage critical period, synonyms - menopause, menopause) - a physiological period in the life of a person, characterized by regression of genital occurring within the context of age-related changes of the body.

Climacteric period consists of three phases:

• Premenopausal

This phase precedes the cessation of menstruation. Starting at 45 years of age and lasts until menopause, on average, three - seven years. In premenopausal Premenopausal women - one step in a woman's life   there are changes of the menstrual cycle: the cycle is lengthened, monthly becoming scarce, reduced hormonal ovarian function.

• Menopause

This period starts after the last menstruation duration of 12 months, averaging occurs in age 50 years 8

• Postmenopausal

Postmenopausal women after menopause begins and lasts until the complete cessation of ovarian function, that is, until her death.

The manifestations of menopause

The main symptom is a change in premenopausal menstrual cycle. Most women increased intermenstrual intervals and the amount of lost blood decreases. In some women, on the contrary, there are abundant and prolonged menstrual period, and only 5% of women stop menstruating immediately. Since premenopausal disturbed maturation of the follicles, then eventually become irregular ovulatory cycles in which there is no corpus luteum produces progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology . Against the background of progesterone deficiency may cause dysfunctional uterine bleeding and endometrial hyperplastic processes and breast cancer.

At the menopause due to age-related changes and stops the reproductive hormone reduced ovarian function. Progress involutional changes in the reproductive system (ovaries shrivel and reduced dimensions of the uterus become smaller breasts "dry"). Due to the reduction and cessation of estrogen occur atrophic changes of the vulva and vaginal mucosa (it becomes brittle, thinning and thin-skinned), which promotes the development of atrophic colpitis.

In addition, estrogen deficiency causes atrophic changes in the muscles of the pelvic floor, which promotes prolapse of the vaginal walls and the uterus. Similar changes are observed in the mucosa of the bladder and urethra, causing urinary incontinence when you laugh, cough, or any other physical exertion.

Changes occur and mineral metabolism. Reduces the absorption of calcium in the intestine and increases its urinary excretion. As a result of calcification of the bone and reducing substances decreases bone density, they become fragile and brittle, which leads to osteoporosis. After three to five years after menopause, there are pains in the bones, increases the frequency of fractures.

Recommendations for menopause

Special treatment if not observed menopausal disorders Climacteric disorders - can you avoid them? , Menopause does not require. First of all - this is normalization of the daily routine and relax. Of great importance are the physical exercise Myths about exercise: do not believe   (walking, skiing, jogging). Destinations are recommended to choose, where the climate does not have sharp differences from the usual. A balanced diet with restriction of fatty and spicy food with high content of fruits and vegetables is the prevention of obesity. Meals should be taken at least four times a day in small portions, which promotes separation and evacuation of bile. Prevention of osteoporosis is conducted calcium supplementation, and to improve skin and hair are appointed vitamins A and E.

Anna Sozinova

When people talk about menopause, primarily remember about symptoms such as hot "hot flashes" or mood swings Mood swings in women - bad character or a disease? . However, there are also less obvious symptoms, such as skin changes, which particularly affected the delicate skin around the eyes. Find out how to deal with dark circles around the eyes, and how to look better by making small changes in lifestyle and self-care.

Reduced hormone estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health   during menopause, it causes various changes in the female body, including the skin. Since the skin is especially sensitive to the level of estrogen lack of this hormone leads to that the skin becomes thinner. And the skin around the eyes, which is already very delicate, is particularly sensitive to these changes. Unfortunately, when the skin becomes thinner, it becomes a more visible blood vessels, which causes the appearance of dark circles under the eyes.

There are some simple steps to deal with them.

Make small changes in lifestyle

Do not underestimate the importance of simple changes in lifestyle, such as diet, sleep and protection from the sun.

• Diet. Without a balanced diet that includes essential vitamins and nutrients, the skin can become pale and look worse, especially during menopause. At this time, it is important to proper nutrition, you may want to also take vitamin supplements. In addition, it is important to consume plenty of fluids.
• Sleep. Fatigue can cause paleness of skin and poor circulation around the eyes, leading to dark circles under the eyes. Therefore it is very important to sleep every day for about 8 hours. But do not get carried away - too long sleep can also cause the appearance of dark circles.
• Sun protection. It is very important to protect the skin around the eyes from the sun. The sun's rays not only make the skin darker (which accentuate dark circles), but also lead to the formation of wrinkles. Never too late to start protecting skin from the sun.

Improve Skin Care

The use of special creams and masks for the skin around the eyes will help your eyes look brighter.

• Creams for skin around the eyes. Choose creams containing antioxidants and caffeine, which stimulates the skin and restore the circulation.
• Masks. Regularly use a mask to refresh the skin. For the skin around the eyes is particularly useful vitamin C and cucumber extract.

Use a suitable make-up

By adding some of the tools in your usual make-up, you can make circles under his eyes much less noticeable and look cheerful.

• Concealer. Concealer - is the number one tool in the fight against dark circles. Choose products that contain beneficial vitamins and extracts to strengthen skin. Do not use a concealer shade of beige or white, with him circles under the eyes disappear and will appear gray. It is best to use a concealer peach or orange-pink color. Apply a few points of concealer under the eyes, then gently blend, and top secure transparent powder
• Highlighter. Use a highlighter to make skin lighter and the eyes - bright. Apply highlighter V-shaped in the inner corners of the eyes.
• Shadows. To divert attention from the dark circles, use eye shadow colors suitable to you.
• Blue eyes, try pink, purple or brown shade
• Green eyes: Try purple or lilac shade
• Brown eyes: Try saturated shade of green
• Do not apply eyeliner or mascara on the lower lashes, as this will draw attention to the eye area and make it darker.

Useful Home Remedies

To combat dark circles, you can use these home remedies.

• Chilled vegetables. Chilled cucumber or potato slices will help to quickly give your eyes a fresh look.
• Tea bags. Natural tannins contained in tea, improve circulation in the area around the eyes. Apply chilled or warm tea bags on closed eyes for 10 minutes, it will help to relax and look fresher.

Unfortunately, the dark circles under the eyes are one of the many symptoms of menopause Symptoms of menopause: forewarned is forearmed But, fortunately, this problem is easy to solve. A healthy diet, enough sleep Dreams: how to understand our dreams   and appropriate means for the skin (including sun protection cream for skin around the eyes and concealer) will preserve the beauty during menopause and beyond.