Not all women are quite easy and painless transfer climax. This is due not only to changes in hormonal levels during menopause, but also with the presence of gynecological and common diseases, with nervous and mental state of women with working conditions, climate and many others. Hormone therapy is used not only to alleviate the symptoms of menopause, but also to prevent the development of complications in menopause (osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease). Currently, the drug market presents a huge amount of drugs containing analogues of female sex hormones, which are used for hormone replacement therapy. It is important not to self-medicate and consult with your doctor about the need for the appointment of hormone replacement therapy.

Hormone replacement therapy

Hormone replacement therapy - a way to treat the symptoms of menopause Symptoms of menopause: forewarned is forearmed   and menopause, which comprises administering synthetic female sex hormones.

Short-term replacement therapy is prescribed for the expressed complaints (neurovegetative, vasomotor, urology). The course of treatment depends on the severity of menopausal symptoms and is not more than one or two years.

Long-term hormone replacement therapy is used to prevent osteoporosis, cardiac complications, diseases of the pelvic organs. The course of treatment can last up to ten years.

Examination before prescribing hormone replacement therapy

Before the doctor will prescribe hormone replacement therapy, she always goes the necessary examination:

• Pelvic ultrasound, thyroid gland and abdominal organs (indication);
• Mammography and breast physician's consultation;
• determination of the hormonal status;
• cytology of the cervix;
• measurement of blood pressure, clotting factors, cholesterol;
• medical consultation and correction of chronic somatic diseases.

The main drugs used in hormone replacement therapy

Preparations hormone replacement therapy to treat menopause are available in pills, patches, gels, suppositories and injectable form. They can be divided into two groups. As part of the preparations of the first group contains estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health   and progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology They are assigned in the cyclic mode, with an interval of seven days after three weeks of ingestion.

These include: Tsikloproginova, klimonorma, climate, Divina. Women in menopause for at least one year or a hysterectomy, hormone replacement therapy is carried out in a continuous mode. These products contain only estrogen, which include Livial, Premarin, Proginova, Kliogest. Perhaps treatment Ginodianom Depot, which comprises the male sex hormones and used in the form of injections once a month at dryness and wrinkling of the skin. When complaints of vaginal dryness, painful intercourse, urinary incontinence Ovestin effective (in the form of creams, tablets and suppositories) and estriol in tablets for local treatment. Easy to use for female smokers patches (CLIMAR) that are glued to the skin of labels gradually allocated a certain dose of the hormone that allows him to immediately get into the bloodstream, bypassing the liver.

Contraindication to hormone replacement therapy

Despite all the benefits of hormone replacement therapy is not indicated for:

• tumors of the uterus, ovary and breast;
• uterine bleeding of unknown origin;
• acute thrombophlebitis;
• acute thromboembolic disease;
• thromboembolic disorders associated with estrogen;
• kidney and liver failure;
• severe forms of diabetes;
• endometriosis;
• congenital disorders of fat metabolism.

Additional formulations for the treatment of menopausal disorders

For the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis applied Miakaltsik, ksidifon, Calcium-D3 Nycomed. To correct the Nairn-psychiatric disorders widely prescribed sedatives. If there are contraindications to the use of hormone replacement therapy are appointed by the homeopathic remedies and herbal Klimaktoplan Klimadion.

Anna Sozinova

One of the important diagnostic signs of trouble in the female body are vaginal discharge. In the context of the normal functioning of the reproductive function of isolation are not pathological. Their color, odor, quantity, consistency is taken into account in establishing the diagnosis. Selections menopause, change of character that says a woman should be a cause for treatment to the gynecologist for the purpose of examination.

What is the reason the appearance of precipitates

If we look at the causes, which resulted in menopausal women changed the character of vaginal discharge, they can be divided into several groups:

• infectious cause. In menopausal urogenital disorders characterized by the development. At the time of occurrence of symptoms attributed to the time average. As the progression of hormone deficiency joined complaints of dryness in the vagina, the feeling of itching, burning and discomfort expressed. Against the background of these urogenital symptoms may occur joining secondary bacterial infection that is clinically manifested symptoms of the inflammatory process. In this clinical situation becomes pathological nature of the discharge - change their color, joins a specific odor and they become larger in volume. Appointment of anti-inflammatory therapy helps to eliminate symptoms and recovery
• Hormonal causes. The restructuring of the woman's body during menopause can lead to hormonal imbalance. One such hormone-dependent diseases is the development of endometrial hyperplasia Hyperplasia endometrial cancer - requires timely detection and treatment . The menopause often faced with recurrent glandular hyperplasia, which in accordance with the classification referred to precancerous diseases of the endometrium. Against the background of absence of menstruation at the age period having long dark brown isolation (you can find them called "smearing"). Women in some cases, do not give it much importance and too late to go to the doctor. It is a profound error, since this situation requires the survey and selection of tactics (hormone therapy or surgery)

If there are any changes in the vaginal discharge Vaginal discharge: normal or disease? Who watches the woman requires medical examination and inspection. The earlier a woman seek medical help, the better the chances to get positive results from the treatment.

Impact of metabolic disorders in the nature of the discharge

Through studies it has shown that for hyperplastic processes are characterized by their combination with metabolic disorders (disorders of the carbohydrate and fat metabolism). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, overweight is a common comorbidity. It was in the period of menopause, many women experience this group of diseases. Their presence is a risk factor for the development of pathological processes on the part of the uterus.

For the purpose of the survey should be advised to undergo ultrasound (preferably transvaginal probe). In identifying the areas of changes in the mucous membrane of the uterus should be sent to the woman on the diagnostic curettage Scraping - heavy and unsafe procedure . If possible, scraping better to do during hysteroscopy. This will remove the sighting areas diseased mucosa produce endometrial biopsy and to take the analysis for histological examination. Menopausal age for a woman is the most dangerous in terms of the risk of certain cancers. Even after a single appearance abnormal vaginal discharge Vaginal discharge   should not delay your visit to the doctor, while categorically unacceptable to self-medicate.

Marina Solovyov