What is pityriasis versicolor

Colorful or chromophytosis Ringworm - not only infectious disease   - A fungal skin disease, which manifests the appearance (usually in the trunk, under the arms) of brown spots. Colorful lichen is almost contagious, since manifestations of infection are necessary additional conditions: decreased immunity, increased sweating, and a special, modified the composition of the sweat. However, people who have the predisposing factors to the disease, may be infected with a multi-colored lichen on close contact with the patient through the linen and personal hygiene items. Children under 7 years old multicolored shingles does not occur.

If you look at the skin surface that is affected by multi-colored lichen, a microscope, you can see that the surface layer of the skin loosened and contains elements of the fungus.

Signs

With multi-colored lichen fungus affects the mouth of the hair follicles (hair roots) .  Here, the fungus proliferates to form colonies in the form of yellowish-brown dots .  Around the mouth of the hair follicles appear yellowish-pink or brown spots, at first small, then bigger, merging with each other and forming lesions with scalloped edges .  Spots begin barely noticeable flaking (scales are very small, so it is not always possible to notice) .  To clarify the diagnosis a little spot poskablivayut - it allows more reliably detect peeling .  The preferential localization of the rash - skin trunk (chest, underarm and groin, back, abdomen) .  Palms and soles are not affected .  Subjective feelings are usually absent, but possible slight itching .  In place of the old lesions, especially after exposure to ultraviolet rays, are often left areas are whiter than the surrounding, the skin (areas of depigmentation) .  This so-called psevdoleykoderma .  The disease can last for a very long time .  Over time, the spots fade, and in their place are unpainted white areas of the skin .

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is based on characteristic signs of the disease, as well as the detection of the microscopic study of scales in a short wide curved mycelium (threads) and spores of fungi. Clarify the diagnosis will also sample Balser: for lubrication of affected areas a 2% iodine alcohol solution or solutions of aniline dyes altered by the action of the fungus skin quickly absorbs iodine and paint, so the lesions become more intense in color than the surrounding skin unaffected. In the rays of fluorescent lamps Wood lesion give a dark-brown glow.

Treatment

Treatment of multi-colored lichen begin to treat hyperhidrosis. Topically applied drugs, to eliminate excessive sweating (eg, formalin). The action of these drugs short. When sweating occurred on the background of neurosis Neurosis - reaction to the nervous shock Well help sedatives. Appointed as physiotherapy sessions, reflexology Reflexology - a policy of non-drug therapies   and so on.

Today, for the treatment of excessive sweating use the drug Botox, which blocks the transmission of nerve impulses and causes temporary (a few months) paralysis of the sweat glands. There are also operations in the course of which cross the nerves that provide innervation of sweat glands, liposuction surgery - removal of subcutaneous fat with nerve endings, scraping Scraping - heavy and unsafe procedure   concentrations of sweat glands (eg, in the armpit).

Treatment of multi-colored lichen lesions directly Policy Pay under laboratory control by treating the affected skin with a solution of salicylic alcohol, 5-10% sulfuric ointment, ointment Wilkinson for at least a week. Also used antifungal drugs, most often in the form of antifungal creams that are applied to the affected skin. With long flowing multicolored disseminated zoster appointed interior antifungal medications (Nizoral, Diflucan) for at least two weeks. After treatment, a mandatory disinfection of patient's personal linen.

Weather favorable, but if still sweating, relapses of the disease.

Prevention of multi-colored lichen is to combat excessive sweating, rubbing the skin once - twice a week with vodka or a mild solution of vinegar. Reappointed preventive courses of antifungal drugs.

Allergy inherited

Atopy - it is an allergy, a person inherited inherited. This allergy can be relative to many kinds of allergens: food, dust, food, medicines, bacterial, viral, and so on. Atopic dermatitis - a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin of an allergic nature, is closely associated with other allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma Bronchial asthma - the body's response inadequate They often occur together (allergic triad).

In addition, there is such a thing as the "atopic march" when atopic dermatitis in children can serve as the initial phase of other more severe forms of the allergy (eg, go to asthma).

How is atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is an effect usually at the end of the first - the beginning of the second month of life. The initial stage of atopic dermatitis is known as infant, in the third year of life, atopic dermatitis becomes the new features and changes to the nursery stage. In 11-12 years, atopic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis goes into that person can suffer a lifetime. But in most cases, children 14-15 years "grow" from this disease.

• The initial stage of atopic dermatitis Dermatitis - what to do with the inflamed skin?   (from birth to two years)

The initial stage of infant or atopic dermatitis may occur in the form of moist or dry diathesis.

Weeping diathesis - redness, swelling and itching skin rash in the form of elevations or bubbles, which then burst and form moist areas covered with crusts. Such lesions are usually on the face, buttocks, upper and lower extremities. Child brushing the skin, so often all these phenomena joins purulent infection.

Dry diathesis - a marked dry skin with redness and swelling in some places. It appears at first papular (elevation above the skin), itchy rash, then combing formed scabs and sores.

Sometimes the dry form of diathesis Diathesis in children - an integrated approach   It enters weeping and vice versa. Sometimes diathesis and mixed form when moist areas are located near the diathesis dry crusts and desquamation.

• Children's stage of atopic dermatitis (from two to 11-12 years)

Children's stage of atopic dermatitis appears as a dense swelling, redness, small itchy, flaking with a lot of scales on the skin in the natural folds (the folds of elbows and knees, buttocks, etc.), often arranged symmetrically on both sides.

A child suffering from atopic dermatitis, characterized by increased excitability, "nervousness", he sleeps poorly, often cranky.

• Neurodermatitis - atopic dermatitis adult stage (11-12 years)

Gradually, the child acquires the features of atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, when the skin in certain areas becomes dry, thicker skin with a pronounced pattern with deep grooves. This so-called lichenification skin. In the area of ​​these centers appears severe itching, scratching covered numerous crusts. Such scratching constantly are the gateway to a variety of infections, therefore the main elements of neurodermatitis often joins pustular rash.

Treatment of atopic dermatitis

Treatment of atopic dermatitis - this is mainly the prevention of allergic rashes. To cure the allergy is not difficult, but the primary goal of treatment is to prevent the occurrence of exacerbations.

First of all, the child must comply with hypoallergenic diet. At first, excludes all allergens identified in the survey, then gradually (within 3-12 months) for the child forms an individual hypoallergenic diet Hypoallergenic diet - the salvation for the stomach   with the gradual inclusion of products causing allergies.

It is important to exercise strict control over the child's environment with the deletion of allergens that can exacerbate atopiicheskogo dermatitis. So, it is necessary to vacate the apartment by extra soft things (the other things and books stored in closed cabinets), daily wet cleaning, use air purifiers, thoroughly ventilate the apartment, do not keep the home of indoor plants, animals and fish, cleaning the bathroom issue with solutions, warning mold growth. Cushion the child does not have to contain the down and feathers bird, you need to change it every year.

All treatment of a child suffering from atopic dermatitis, must appoint a doctor, since all drugs have side effects, and long-term use of a drug to it often develops addictive.

A child with atopic dermatitis should be bathed every day, cleaning and moisturizing the skin. Water for bathing should be dechlorinated by settling in the bath for one or two hours, followed by the addition of boiling water. When bathing, do not use a washcloth, detergents must be neutral acidity (Ph - 5, 5), after bathing the skin should be slightly wet and apply special means for skin care with atopy.

If birth adhere to all of these rules, the teen years can be dealt with atopy.

  Galina Romanenko