Hepatitis A - do not forget to wash your hands!

April 1, 2014

  • Hepatitis A - do not forget to wash your hands!
  • Signs
  • Treatment

 hepatitis A
 Hepatitis A has been described by Hippocrates. Great contribution to the study of this disease introduced by military doctors in the 18-19 centuries. this disease even was called the Army of the disease. The fact that jaundice - an independent infectious disease for the first time suggested the famous Russian physician SP Botkin, in connection with which the disease is called infective hepatitis.

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What is hepatitis A

Hepatitis A or infectious disease - an acute infectious viral disease characterized by intoxication and often occurring with jaundice. Hepatitis A usually has the characteristic symptoms, recovery ends and does not require special treatment. After the disease is formed lasting immunity, so repeat diseases is almost never. For the prevention of viral hepatitis Viral hepatitis - Army disease  Viral hepatitis - Army disease
   A vaccine available.

Possible outbreaks of the disease. It is believed that the first pandemic of the disease was in 1915-1923, and the second - in 1937-1945 years. Both pandemics were associated with world wars.

In tropical countries with poor sanitation incidence of hepatitis A is very high. Especially often are ill with hepatitis small children. By the age of ten, most children perebolevaet hepatitis A with the development of persistent immunity. The incidence of hepatitis A in countries with temperate climates, growing in the autumn-winter period.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a picornavirus family. It quickly (within five minutes) at boiling dies, but at room temperature in a dry environment persists week, and water up to several months, so the infection often spreads with water. In faeces hepatitis A virus is stored up to a month. The virus is enclosed in acid-resistant shell that allows it to infectious agents freely negotiate the acidic environment of the stomach.

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How is hepatitis A

Hepatitis A virus is transmitted from food and water. The source of infection is a sick person who is isolated pathogens in the faeces. Especially dangerous in patients with mild and asymptomatic forms of the disease - it is they who are most often the source of infection. Microscopic particles of feces with dirty hands fall on various products or water. Therefore hepatitis Hepatitis - the scourge of our time  Hepatitis - the scourge of our time
   And they called the disease of dirty hands. Most hepatitis A sick people who were on holiday in hot countries such as India, Vietnam, the countries of Central Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Ways of transmission of hepatitis A - food and water. Often, these two paths are interconnected. For example, more and more often ill with hepatitis A after eating raw shellfish. Traditionally, you can get infected when consuming unwashed vegetables and fruits. There is also the possibility of transmission through blood, including during sex, especially anal-genital, as this is often damaged rectal mucosa.

After ingestion of hepatitis A virus-contaminated water or food of different infectious agents penetrate into the intestine, and then absorbed into the bloodstream to the liver and introduced into its cell. Cells of the immune system The immune system - how it works?  The immune system - how it works?
   recognizing virus-infected human liver cells and destroy them, which leads to the development of hepatitis and decrease in liver function.

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Diagnosis of hepatitis A

The diagnosis of hepatitis A is set on the basis of epidemiological history (the doctor finds out where the man had been in the past 6 weeks, what to eat, what water to drink, no contact with any sick with hepatitis, did not attend any tropical countries, and so on), and the characteristic symptoms of the disease.

A presumptive diagnosis should be confirmed by laboratory data - RNA detection of hepatitis A virus (HAV) by PCR (it is found in the feces of sick for about a week before the first symptoms of hepatitis and in the early days of the disease, but may also be released during the time of illness) antibodies to this virus class M immunoglobulin (anti-HAV-IgM - they appear in the last 5-10 days incubation period, and still be detected for 6-7 months from the onset) and antibody class immunoglobulin G (anti-HAV-IgG - appear with 3-4 weeks of disease and persist throughout life, providing lifelong immunity).

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The consequences of hepatitis A

The most serious consequences of hepatitis A occur in fulminant forms of the disease. Quick hepatic necrosis can result in the death of a patient or a significant reduction in its function as dead hepatocytes are replaced by connective tissue.

After a period of convalescence, the patient a few months may be concerned about lethargy, weakness, decreased performance, and sometimes abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms  Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms
   undefined character, flatulence, digestive disorders such as constipation alternating with diarrhea, and so on. But gradually it all goes.

But most of viral hepatitis A ends without any consequences in 4-6 weeks, leaving a life-long immunity. Hard to carry the disease are small children, the elderly and people suffering from any chronic diseases.

Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora

November 15, 2009

  • Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora
  • Dysbacteriosis and probiotics

 Bifidumbacterin
   This preparation contains bifidobacteria, which normally live in the intestines and stomach. It is used to maintain and restore the normal balance of intestinal bacteria (for example, if the bacterial balance has been disrupted as a result of taking antibiotics, or certain violations related to the work of the stomach and intestines). The normal balance of intestinal bacteria help reduce the frequency of episodes of diarrhea protect against the penetration of harmful bacteria into the intestine, and promotes proper digestion and absorption of vitamins and minerals.

In particular, bifidumbakterin helps the body fight with staphylococcus, shigella, E. coli, yeast and some microorganisms.

 Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora

Bifidobacteria

Bifidobacteria active ingredient bifidumbacterin relates to probiotics. They live primarily in the gastrointestinal tact, but also occur in much smaller amounts in breast milk in the mouth and the vagina. In addition to the above effects, it bifidobaktrii help to reduce cholesterol levels How quickly reduce cholesterol eleven tips  How quickly reduce cholesterol eleven tips
 Improve calcium absorption and synthesis of vitamins, and even has an antitumor effect in colon cancer Colon cancer: creeps imperceptibly  Colon cancer: creeps imperceptibly
 .

Infants who are fed breast milk microflora of approximately 90% of the bifidobacteria. In children who are fed with artificial mixtures, as well as in emerging born by Caesarean section, this figure is much lower. The fecal flora of adults only 3-6% consists of bifidobacteria.

 Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora

Application

Bifidumbacterin should be taken orally, in accordance with the instructions in the manual. Typically, the drug is recommended to take half an hour before meals or with food. Do not let bifidumbatkerin children under two years old without first consulting your doctor. If after taking the drug for a few days your condition does not change or gets worse, contact your doctor.

 Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora

Side effects

The only known side effects are allergic reactions bifidumbacterin - they develop very rarely. Stop taking the drug and contact your doctor if the following symptoms of a serious allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face, tongue, throat), dizziness Dizziness - if the ground is slipping from under his feet  Dizziness - if the ground is slipping from under his feet
 , heavy breathing.

 Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora

Safety measures

If you have ever observed severe allergic reactions to any products, especially medicines, check with your doctor before taking bifidumbakterin. This product may contain inactive ingredients that cause allergic reactions in some people. You should also consult with a specialist if you have problems such as persistent diarrhea or a weakened immune system (immunodeficiency may develop as a result of illness or due to aggressive medical treatment). During pregnancy, you can take bifidumbakterin only when necessary and with the approval of a physician. The same applies to the period of lactation.

Do not take bifidumbakterin, if the packaging is damaged.

 Bifidumbacterin - restores normal intestinal microflora

Drug Interactions

Between taking antibiotics Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future?  Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future?
   bifidumbacterin and must be at least two hours, since these drugs can change the action of each other. If you are taking any other drugs before taking bifidumbacterin sure to consult with a specialist.





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