Inflammation of the ovaries is considered one of the most dangerous diseases for women's reproductive health. According to statistics about 20% of women who have had an inflammation of the ovaries, can not get pregnant. In addition to infertility, inflammation of the ovaries gives patients and other problems that violate their physical and emotional state. Prognosis depends on the treatment, which should be adequate and timely. Usually, inflammation of the ovaries combined with inflammation of the fallopian tubes, this pathology is called a salpingo or adnexitis.

What is inflammation of the ovaries

About inflammation of the ovaries say when the infectious process develops in paired gonads, which have direct contact with the fallopian tubes Fallopian tubes: an important part of the reproductive system . Oophoritis (inflammation of the ovaries) often begins with salpingitis (inflammation of the tubes), in which the infectious microflora gets to the ovaries.

Also distinguish primary and secondary oophoritis. Primary inflammation of the ovaries occurs in diseases of the lower genital tract, and secondary inflammation of the ovary develops as a result of penetration of the pathogen from the surrounding organs (such as appendicitis). In the clinic There are acute, subacute and chronic oophoritis.

Symptoms

Clinical manifestations of inflammation of the ovaries depends on the pathogen, and it caused by forms of the disease. The main signs of acute oophoritis are: fever, unilateral or bilateral pain in the abdomen, signs of intoxication (weakness, nausea, vomiting). Often there is a so-called irritable bowel syndrome, in which there is diarrhea. Also, patients complain of bleeding after menstrual periods, pain during intercourse. During a pelvic exam Gynecological examination: an important component of women's health   determined and painful enlarged ovaries.

Exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the ovaries can flow in two embodiments. The first version of exacerbation of chronic oophoritis similar to acute inflammation of the ovaries. The second option complaints of patients are reduced to a deterioration in general well-being, mood instability, reduce disability, neurotic reactions, cardiovascular and endocrine disorders.

Suppurative oophoritis complication is perforation piovara with the development of pelvic peritonitis, as pus came from the ovary into the abdominal cavity.

Diagnostics

Diagnosing ovarian inflammation is as follows:

• history and complaints (transferred gynecological procedures, obstructed labor, wearing an intrauterine device, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm?   and temperature increase);
• gynecological examination (palpation of the painful and enlarged ovaries, painful cervical motion, smooth vaginal vault);
• Pelvic ultrasound;
• tests for infection Tests for infections - important indicators Sexually transmitted infections;
• Hysterosalpingography;
• laparoscopy
• swabs from the vagina and cervix;
• general analysis of blood and urine.

Treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic oophoritis and inflammation of the ovaries is performed in a hospital. Patients were assigned a bed rest, cold on the lower abdomen for one or two days, light diet and sedatives. The leading role in the treatment of acute oophoritis is given antibiotics, which are selected based on the sensitivity of microbes to them.

In the treatment of chronic inflammation of the ovaries appointed physiotherapy (UHF, electrophoresis, iodine, mud), and sedation. In the case of suppurative oophoritis shown surgery, during which removed suppurative focus (ovary), followed by drainage of the pelvis.

Diverse forms of infertility and many of them are successfully treated. One method is the treatment of infertility, ovarian stimulation usually with further artificial insemination. Ovarian stimulation is performed couples in which the woman has problems with ovulation, and the man is healthy. Ovarian stimulation - a one-time recovery of ovulation, which enables a woman to become pregnant. That is the difference between a single ovulation stimulation by their own restoring ovulation. Typically, ovarian stimulation is used in the auxiliary program conception (IVF, artificial insemination, etc.).

Ovarian stimulation is intended to form in the ovaries of one or more eggs. Today, ovarian stimulation is one of the most common ways to treat infertility. But in order to stimulate proved spectacular, you need to reliably determine the cause of the lack of ovulation. Ovarian stimulation produces different hormones.

Necessary inspections before the stimulation

In order to avoid the side effects of stimulation (hyperstimulation, ovarian cyst formation), as well as its efficiency, a preliminary survey is shown:

• vaginal smears on the flora and onkotsitologiyu;
• measurement of basal body temperature for three months;
• tests for infection Tests for infections - important indicators Sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis Ureaplasmosis - inflammation of the urogenital system Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus - what is its danger? , Herpes virus, human papilloma virus, toxoplasmosis);
• detection of antibodies to rubella;
• Mammography breast;
• compatibility test;
• semen of her husband;
• metrosalpingography (exclude obstruction of the fallopian tubes);
• Pelvic ultrasound (determination of the pathology of the uterus and appendages, as well as to determine the type and structure of the ovaries);
• medical consultation (the question of the possibility of pregnancy);
• study of the level of hormones: FSH, LH, estradiol, androgens, prolactin (to exclude hyperprolactinemia), which is held until the fifth day of the menstrual cycle The days of the menstrual cycle: Four phases ;
• definition of the functions of the thyroid gland (in thyroid cancer, ovarian stimulation is not required after the effective treatment of diseases of the thyroid gland is restored ovulation itself);
• screening for insulin resistance (except for diabetes);
• score body weight (weight after normalization in the event of excess or insufficiency of ovulation is restored).

The mechanism of ovarian stimulation

Ovarian stimulation can be carried out two types of hormones: gonadotropins and antiestrogens (klostilbegit). The scheme and the choice of the drug are selected individually, focusing on the duration and cause of infertility in women.

Ovarian stimulation Clomid (clomiphene) starts from the fifth day of the menstrual cycle and continue until the ninth .  The initial dose of 50 mg of the drug, in the absence of the effect of the next time it is increased up to 150 mg .  After the end of the stimulation cycle, regardless of the effect of drugs appointed by intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (prophase, Pregnil, horiogonin), which are introduced at a dose of 10,000 U .  The aim of drug administration of hCG is to prevent the return of follicular development and the formation of follicular cysts, as well as provocation start ovulation .  The egg is released from the ovary after the injection of hCG in 24-36 hours .  With this purpose in a day is recommended intercourse .  Note that clomiphene dangerous to take more than five or six times in my life, because it provokes the development of early menopause (ovarian failure), ovarian hyperstimulation with the formation or rupture of ovarian cysts .

In the preparations of gonadotropins include pituitary hormones - FSH, LH. Such drugs include Menopur which contains FSH and Gonal-F containing LH. Schemes of use of gonadotropins are different and are selected individually.

Anna Sozinova