Thrush refers to a sufficient spread of infectious diseases. Knowledge of predisposing factors, causes of not only the course of an effective specific treatment, but also to organize important preventive measures. This will prevent the development of chronic inflammatory process flow.

The causes of the epidemiology or candidiasis

Direct causative agent of thrush is a fungal flora - representatives of fungi genus Candida. It should be emphasized that this type of microorganisms is revealed as part of the normal flora of the vagina of women. Only under certain circumstances, mushrooms nachitalas show their pathogenic activity, causing clinical signs of thrush. The genus Candida fungi has about one hundred and seventy species and are the primary etiologic role as the causative agent assigned to Candida albicans. This kind of fungus causes thrush in most cases. In recent years, it was found another pattern - the agents of the disease are other kinds of mushrooms, so-called non-albicans. It is these types of mushrooms lead to the development of recurrent, chronic forms of thrush, which are very difficult to standard antifungal therapy regimens.

You can highlight the presence of a number of causes in women develop thrush. These include:

• weakened the immune defense. On the basis of these studies have shown that women who suffer from various forms of vaginal candidiasis Thrush - vaginal candidiasis: when to go to the doctor? , Changes are observed at different levels or parts of the system of immunity .  They would have reduced the number of cells responsible for the immune response, in comparison with those in healthy .  From the state of the immune defense of the body will depend on the presence or absence of clinical manifestations of thrush .  It is due to this may explain why in the event of comorbidities with the endocrine system, taking certain groups of drugs (contraceptives, or COCs, steroids, anti-bacterial agents), develops during pregnancy thrush .  Against the background of long-term use of hormonal methods pronounced inhibition occurs the body's defenses, while she microflora, which is considered opportunistic, having read to proliferate, leading to the formation of symptomatic forms of the disease .  With regard to contraceptives have been widely used in recent years, they have a negative effect on the immune system, inhibiting it .  Women who use this method of contraception, faced with thrush often .  Completely get rid of the symptoms of the disease is not possible if the woman will continue to take birth control pills .  A similar problem faced by patients who receive long-term (in some cases for life) therapy steroids .  This group of drugs selectively suppress the immune system, leading to the development of not only local symptoms of yeast and fungal origin systemic lesions .  In this connection it is necessary to appoint a prophylactic antifungal agents to prevent the development of such complications .
• Immune protection of the pregnant woman is weak (it is the physiological norm for pregnancy), so propagation of fungal flora create the most favorable conditions. More than half of pregnant women are kandidonositelyami. Against the backdrop of the weakening of protective forces of an intensive growth of microorganisms, especially before birth (the third trimester). The development of the symptoms of yeast infection in pregnant women requires treatment with the deadline, as this is a means of preventing the development of serious complications, not only directly during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Hygienic aspects of the appearance of thrush

As a result of numerous studies have shown that there is a hygienic aspect of the appearance of a woman's thrush. What matters is what kind of underwear is a woman. The negative influence of synthetic underwear fabrics and body-hugging underwear and thong. If a woman prefers such clothes, it should be understood that this is not entirely safe for the state of her health. There is a violation of the composition of the microflora of the vagina The microflora of the vagina: purity   due to the fact that creates a "greenhouse effect". In such circumstances, a fungal flora safely multiply, causing symptoms of thrush. This does not mean that this underwear, you should not wear it. The most important thing is to follow some practical guidelines to help avoid the development of negative consequences.

Risk factors include the use of tampons How to use sanitary pad - basic precautions   or sanitary panty liners Feminine pads - talk about wings   longer than a certain period of time. The most dangerous are scented pads that affect not only the state of the ecological community in the vagina, but cause various allergic reactions. The same can be said about hygiene sprays, oils or powders, so they are not recommended so widely used. It must be emphasized that, in order to prevent the development of thrush, should strictly adhere to certain standards of personal hygiene. If you use napkins or toilet paper can bring an infection of the rectum into the vagina, so unacceptable to use them in the direction of the anus to the vagina.

A wide variety of causative factors of yeast requires a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of this disease, which further enhance the effectiveness of the treatment.

Marina Solovyov

Different methods are used today for the treatment of hormone-dependent tumors. With the help of conservative and operative methods and uterine fibroids treated. Operation in this disease may also be carried out in various ways - the usual, with the cut tissue, laparoscopic and hysteroscopic.

Uterine fibroids - fibroid removal operation along with the uterus

Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) - a surgical treatment for fibroids along with the uterus. Such an operation is carried out for women who do not plan for the future pregnancy. myomas at large, rapidly growing fibroids, several large myoma nodes.

This type of operation can be carried out in different ways - by laparotomy or hysteroscopy laparoskoppi Hysteroscopy - examination of the uterus inside . The choice of surgery depends on the size, number and location of fibroids, the structural features of the uterus in women of pre-operative hormonal therapy Hormone therapy - is it possible to fool nature? Contributing to reduce the size of fibroids, the availability of the operating laparoscope and hysteroscope and skills of a doctor in their application.

Laparotomy is usually available through the cut tissue with a scalpel is used more often by removing large or multiple fibroids interstitial fibroids, located close to the cervix and isthmus. Thus along with the uterus fibroids through an incision in the abdominal wall. To remove large fibroids laparotomy method is more convenient, despite the great trauma.

A laparoscopic method of operation is to remove the uterus myoma uteri together using a special apparatus laparoscope which is inserted into the abdomen through a small incision in the abdominal wall. The advantages of laparoscopic hysterectomy Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) - a terrible need   is less traumatizing the surrounding tissue.

Hysteroscopic method is to remove the fibroids from the uterus along with the machine hysteroscope through the vagina.

The operation is considered to be a radical, that is, to solve all problems - larger fibroids will never relapse. The uterus can be removed at the same time along with the neck (hysterectomy) or without neck (supravaginal amputation of the uterus without appendages). As the cervix is ​​important for the normal state of the pelvic floor, it is removed only when located in the uterine cervix. Saving the cervix can also maintain normal blood supply (and thus the operation) of the uterus - ovary.

Uterine fibroids - conserving surgery

Young women who are planning a pregnancy in the future today often spend organ operations - remove only the fibroids and the uterus retain. The operation is called a myomectomy. Such operations can be carried out only with uterine size less than 12 weeks of pregnancy. Sometimes fibroids is larger and thus to reduce its size before the operation is carried out a course of conservative hormonal therapy.

Sparing surgery performed schadyashimi methods - laparoscopic hysteroscopic. Laparoscopic access is used when the fibroid is subserous localization, as well as in interstitial myomas located closer to the outer membrane of the uterus. In this case, the fibroid is removed through a small incision in the abdominal wall.

Hysteroscopic method is more suitable for removing fibroids which grow within the uterine cavity - submucous and interstitial located closer to the inner lining of the uterus. Operation in this case may be performed using a laser, radiofrequency knife (Surgitron apparatus) or by mechanical removal using endoscopic instruments comprising the hysteroscope.

In any case, operations are carried out quickly enough on approved and proven practice techniques they do not injure tissue. The only disadvantage of these operations is that the fibroids can eventually recur. To suppress a possible recurrence of the disease after surgery should be conservative hormonal therapy.

After myomectomy the woman can get pregnant and give birth to a child within six months after the operation - the obstacles to this usually does not happen. In addition, the preservation of the uterus helps to preserve the proper functioning of the rest of the pelvic organs, the preservation of the normal menstrual and reproductive function in the majority of the operated patients. After removing large subserous or interstitial fibroids delivery is usually recommended by Caesarean section.

Operations in the uterine fibroids can be carried out in different ways and in different volumes. What kind of operation was carried out in each case, the doctor decides.

Galina Romanenko