For the first time the disease was described in the mid-19th century, but today scientists argue why developing endometriosis - the ultimate cause has not been established. In addition, the disease may have an innate form, which is inherited from mother to daughter.
How is the body of the uterus endometirioz
Without endocrine and immune disorders disease usually does not develop. If the hormones women disturbed her ovaries secrete too much of the female sex hormones estrogen, in the first half of the menstrual cycle, the endometrium grows, which is then rejected with heavy bleeding.
Endometrial cells through the gaping blood vessels are thrown into the muscle layer of the uterus (myometrium) and begin to multiply there. This process contribute to disorders of the immune system, which normally would be immediately destroyed endometrial cells in the myometrium.
What happens in the body of the uterus in endometriosis
Endometriosis uterine body can be diffuse and focal. When the process is uniformly diffuse thickening of the uterine wall
The thickening of the uterine wall - when you can talk about the disease?
4-5 cm in focal - appearance in the thickness of the myometrium of large and small units without defined borders. Sometimes, in the interior of the muscle revealed endometrial cysts filled with bloody contents. Endometriosis often located in the bottom of the uterus, at connection of the body with uterine tubes.
The pathological process of diffuse nature may be distributed at different depths of the myometrium:
- I degree - superficial lesions of the myometrium;
- Grade II - until the middle of the spread of the myometrium;
- Grade III - total defeat of the myometrium to the serosa.
The majority of women with diffuse form of the disease II - III degrees and nodular marked proliferation of muscle tissue surrounding endometriosis - adenomyosis.
The foci of the endometrium in the muscle wall of the uterus rarely start to allocate a secret characteristic of the second phase of the menstrual cycle (the action of progesterone). More sensitive these cells respond to an increase in estrogen in the first half of the menstrual cycle, increasing in size from cycle to cycle. The tissues surrounding the endometriosis appear edema, hemorrhage, and proliferation of connective tissue, which has a negative effect on pregnancy.
As shown
The first sign of this disease are very abundant and painful menstrual bleeding and intermenstrual bleeding, which can also be significant.
Endometriosis uterine body may be congenital in nature. In this case, abdominal pain
Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm?
the girl can appear in two or three years before the first menstruation. A first period can be accompanied by heavy bleeding. Suspected congenital endometriosis can be in the presence of the disease in the mother or in the presence of malformations of the genital organs of girls (eg, improper structure of the uterus).
How to identify endometriosis, uterine body
When significant changes of diffuse character during a pelvic exam
Gynecological examination: an important component of women's health
You can identify the expanded uterus, lobular shape with large assemblies can also be identified during the inspection - a gynecologist in vaginal examination palpate nodes in the uterus.
If you have symptoms of endometriosis (bleeding, pain), and during the inspection revealed nothing. In most cases the changes can be seen on ultrasound (US) with a vaginal probe. In some cases, an ultrasound revealed inactive endometriosis that does not manifest itself and is a random finding. But in some cases, to detect this pathology and requires research methods such as hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy - examination of the uterus inside
, X-ray, CT and MRI.
Treatment Options
Treatment should only be active forms of the disease, which manifest themselves bleeding and pain. It is believed that the treatment of endometriosis inactive contributes to its spread. Such patients have to just watch.
Treatment involves hormone correction (suppression of estrogen secretion), the treatment of inflammation around endometriosis, as well as restoration of the broken links of immunity.
In addition, women with endometriosis are often found endocrine and metabolic diseases (diabetes, obesity, and so on), they can also detect and treat.
If conservative treatment does not effectively carry out the operation, during which endometriosis sear. In marked adenomyosis or endometriosis in combination with uterine corpus uteri supravaginal recommended amputation of the uterine body. Such operations are often conducted in postmenopausal women.
Galina Romanenko