Despite the fact that endometriosis and endometriosis are completely different diseases, many women often confuse these terms. Endometriosis is not fully studied and compared with endometritis is considered more severe pathology. But endometriosis can inflict irreparable damage to a woman's health. The only similar feature of these diseases is the likelihood of infertility and / or pregnancy loss Miscarriage - why you lose the most precious thing? . But if endometriosis is almost impossible to get rid of the endometrium in qualitative and timely treatment of disappearing forever.

Endometritis

Endometritis refers to inflammatory disease that affects the inner layer of the uterus - the endometrium, or mucous membrane. Often involved in the inflammatory process and the muscle layer, then suggests metroendometritis. Depending on the characteristics of the pathogen endometritis divided into specific (gonorrheal, chlamydial, etc.) and non-specific. The clinical course distinguish acute, subacute and chronic endometritis. Influenced got into the uterus mucous membrane of microorganisms giperemiruetsya, swells, leukocytes infiltrated and covered with purulent plaque with subsequent necrosis and rejection of the functional layer.

Symptoms of endometriosis

Contributing factors in endometrial inflammation play a role different intrauterine interventions (abortion, uterine curettage, cesarean section), obstructed labor, reduction of the body's defenses, stress, use of intrauterine contraceptives, endocrine disorders and hormonal imbalances.

Signs of acute endometritis appear on the third or fourth day after the entering of an infection. Patients complain of weakness and malaise, fever, abdominal pain, which is given in the lumbar and sacral region. There palpitations, in the general analysis of blood shows signs of inflammation (erythrocyte sedimentation rate increase and an increase in white blood cells). At gynecological examination Gynecological examination: an important component of women's health   palpable uterine tenderness, increased slightly during the development metroendometrity.

Chronic endometritis, usually develops as a result of untreated acute endometritis. The clinical picture is generally erased. The main complaint of patients are uterine bleeding. They may appear in the form of long menstrual periods or menstrual scarce, inter- and post-menstrual discharge. Such separation has an unpleasant smell and resemble meat slops. Another symptom of chronic endometritis are aching pain in the lower abdomen and lower back. Also there are whites Beli: abnormal discharge , Compaction and increased uterine The increase in the uterus - when the rate goes into pathology   during bimanual examination. Chronic endometritis is often the cause of ovarian dysfunction that causes the disorder of the reproductive function and leads to infertility and miscarriage.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a benign gormonalnozavisimym disease and is characterized by the growth of tissue, morphological and structural properties similar to the endometrium. Endometrial lesions may be located in the area of ​​genitals and in the other. Depending on the location of isolated genital and extragenital endometriosis. The mechanism of the development of endometriosis involves the following factors:

• retrograde throw menstrual blood through the fallopian tubes into the abdominal cavity (violation of the transport function of the pipe);
• pathologies of the immune system (immune cells do not "recognize" foreign elements, and do not destroy them);
• disorders of hormonal function;
• endocrine disorders (thyroid disease);
• obesity;
• stress;
• genetic predisposition;
• intrauterine intervention;
• malformations of the sexual organs.

Symptoms of endometriosis

Symptoms of endometriosis depends on the localization process and its severity. The main manifestations of endometriosis are pain in the abdomen, lower back, radiating to the perineum, the rectum and lower limbs. Another no less characteristic feature of the disease is a disorder of menstrual function. The menstrual cycle becomes irregular, marked smearing dark isolation before and after menstruation. For endometriosis also characterized by dyspareunia - pain during sexual intercourse. The most severe complication of the disease is the development of functional infertility.

Anna Sozinova

Endoscopic examinations are widely used in gynecology. Today, women are rarely complete without a survey endoscopy condition of the vaginal mucosa, cavity and cervix. For the endoscopic examinations in gynecology is used special equipment.

Endoscopic examination of the vagina and cervix

Endoscopic examination of the vagina and cervix and colposcopy Colposcopy - how to prepare it properly?   It is the most common endoscopic examination, used in gynecology. This study is conducted by a special device - a colposcope.

A study of the vaginal mucosa and the vaginal part of the cervix can tell a lot about the state of the female genital organs, including the presence of inflammatory processes, hormonal disorders, precancerous lesions, benign and malignant tumors. Colposcopy - it is a simple and painless procedure that it has no contraindications.

A colposcope is an optical device with built-in illuminator, with which you can multiply and examine the surface of the vagina and cervix. With the colposcope can just to inspect the mucous membrane of the cervix (simple colposcopy), and can be carried out and a more detailed examination of it - extended colposcopy Extended colposcopy: detailed analysis of .

Extended colposcopy is performed after processing the surface of mucosa with various preparations. Thus, treatment of a solution of acetic acid, contributes to a better visibility of pathological changes on its surface. If you suspect a precancerous vagina and cervix with a solution of Lugol - it reveals the past in the form of clear white spots.

Do colposcopy usually in the first three days after the end of menstruation. This study makes it possible to detect even minor changes in the mucous membrane of the cervix and establish the correct diagnosis. Colposcopy allows you to select the most suitable plot mucosa biopsy - taking a piece of tissue for research. With colposcopy can detect cervical erosion (areas of the vaginal part of the cervix, devoid of epithelium), cervical pseudo (ectopia - replacement of stratified squamous epithelium of the cervical columnar epithelium a bright color with clear smooth contours), polyps, sites of endometriosis (impregnation in the areas of the cervix of the uterus mucous membrane), areas of leukoplakia (hardening of the mucous membrane of the cervix - a precancerous condition), papillomavirus and cervical cancer in the initial stages.

Endoscopic examination of the uterus

Endoscopy of the inner surface of the uterus is called hysteroscopy. Conducted this study using endoscopic device - hysteroscope. Hysteroscopy can be diagnostic and therapeutic. Furthermore, hysteroscopy divided into types according to the method of its implementation: the introduction into the uterus of a liquid or gas in order to be able to see the inside surface - liquid or gas hysteroscopy.

During hysteroscopy the mucosal surface can be considered under multiple magnification, it is especially important to detect cervical cancer in its early stages.

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed with uterine bleeding of unknown origin, hormonal disorders, anomalies of the structure of the uterus, infertility, miscarriage Miscarriage - why you lose the most precious thing? , Suspicion of benign and malignant tumors. During the study if necessary piece of tissue is taken for analysis.

Therapeutic hysteroscopy may be performed immediately after diagnosis, if necessary. But most of it is spent planning: carried out the removal of small polyps, small, superficial benign tumors (eg, myomas), adhesions separation that arose after the inflammatory process, and so on.

Contraindication to conduct hysteroscopy is the presence of inflammatory gynecological processes, thrombophlebitis, any acute illness and exacerbation of chronic diseases, and severe disorders of the cardiovascular system, liver and kidneys.

Hysteroscopy - a painful procedure, so it is performed under general anesthesia. In the course of hysteroscopy, sometimes there is a complication, as the perforation of the uterine wall. After hysteroscopy possible exacerbation of chronic inflammatory processes of female genital mutilation.

Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy Endoscopy - not only diagnosis but also treatment procedure   gynecology quickly and accurately correct diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Galina Romanenko