Bubonic plague people often suffer in natural foci of the disease, becoming infected by rodents - basic (wild rodents - marmots, ground squirrels, etc.) and secondary (eg, house mice) carriers of the plague. Bubonic plague - less contagious form of the disease.
How do you get bubonic plague
The natural foci of plague constant supports pathogens are wild rodents often marmots. From animal to animal pathogens plague transmitted by fleas. Outbreaks of the disease in animals are called epizootic. During epizootics could cause contamination of house mice from which through flea bites can become infected people. Infection can also occur by direct contact with a rodent, such as while hunting derinding animal and so forth. The pathogen enters the body through intact skin - it is not a barrier to Yersinia pestis. From patients infected with bubonic plague rarely, only when the bubo breaks, and then only in the discharge are not many pathogens.
And in fact, and in another case, the causative agent of plague falls through the lymph vessels to nearby lymph nodes, causing them inflammation - bubonic plague.
How is
After an incubation period (it lasts from a few hours to six days) in patients with sudden temperature rises, there is a strong periodic chills and headache. High temperatures are usually held three or four days, sometimes up to a week, with sharp fluctuations. On the first day (and sometimes the next) there is an increase in one or more lymph nodes, that is developing buboes. The appearance of buboes is accompanied by severe pain, because of which the patient is all the time trying to make the most advantageous position for him, for example, he may lie with outstretched arm or leg bent.
At first lymph node
Lymph nodes - what keeps our immune system
It is a small but sharp pain education, the skin over them is not changed. But then the lymph node increases the inflammatory process advances to other lymph nodes are located next to and surrounding soft tissues. Thus is formed a single entity without clear contours which became known as a bubo. For bubonic plague is characterized by the absence of lymph vessels.
The skin over the bubo reddens and swells sometimes becomes bluish tint. Bubo is initially cartilaginous consistency, but after about a week in the center of its areas appear fluctuation or fluctuation, which indicates the presence therein of the liquid contents, ie pus. Then bubo day or two may reveal in one or in several places with the release of large amounts of liquid pus mixed with blood. The result is a poorly healing ulcers, fistulas, and even the outcome of which is the formation of rough scars.
If the patient has been assigned a timely antibiotic treatment, a week after the onset of inflammation of the bubonic begins to decrease and within two to four weeks bubo completely absorbed. Sometimes bubonic sclerotic changes occur (ie, at the site of inflammation grows connective tissue), which is why bubo becomes dense, changes can be kept for a long time, sometimes for life.
In some cases, after the first days of the formation of bubo begins its rapid absorption, and then starts to increase again bubo. Such changes in the patient may appear several times, regardless of its general condition. But sometimes bubo does not develop from the beginning, moving into a stage of extinction. In this case, the plague is not difficult and takes a headache, minor ailments and pain at the site of the emerging bubo often do not have any other signs of disease.
With the development of cervical buboes for plague is usually difficult, but the most dangerous are the axillary nodes at which often develops secondary pneumonic plague
Pneumonic plague - an instant infection
.
Approximately one week temperature decreases. It could drop sharply (critical), or accompanied by fluctuations, but without the expressed fever and sweating. Perhaps the prolonged duration of bubonic plague in which the temperature remains a few weeks, persisting even after the disappearance of buboes. These patients often occurs severely malnourished. If they will not provide adequate medical care, they die.
Diagnosis and treatment
Laboratory diagnosis of bubonic plague is to study the contents of the buboes to detect the pathogen. Also studied the blood for antibodies to the causative agent of plague.
Patients with bubonic plague
Plague - whether justified reputation of the "black death"?
isolate strictly separate from patients with other forms of the disease. Just as with other forms of plague are assigned antibiotics and symptomatic treatment. If buboes long dissolve, then they are also locally administered antibiotics. In addition, the locally appointed ointment dressings with antibiotics
Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future?
. When festering bubonic illustrated surgery.
Discharge from hospital recovered patients made no earlier than one month after the normalization of temperature.
Galina Romanenko
